July 23 is the 204nd (205rd in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 161 days left until the end of the year.
Railways
- 23 July 1939 The French soldiers in Hatay withdrew and the Payas-İskenderun line was delivered.
Events
- 1784 – In the earthquake that took place in Erzincan, Turkey, 5 thousand people lost their lives.
- 1821 – The Greeks, who captured the city of Monemvasia during the Peloponnese Revolt, massacred 3.000 Turks.
- 1829 - William Austin Burt invented the typography machine, the first version of the typewriter.
- 1881 – The International Gymnastics Federation, the world's oldest sports federation, was founded in Liège, Belgium.
- 1888 – The International Anthem was sung for the first time by workers in Lille, France.
- 1894 - Japanese forces occupy the Seoul Royal Palace and dethrone the King of Korea.
- 1903 - Ford company sells its first car.
- 1911 – Nearly 300 houses were damaged in the big fire in Aksaray Yeşil Tulumba in Istanbul.
- 1911 – Hürriyet-i Ebediye Hill, the work of Architect Muzaffer Bey, was opened.
- 1919 – Erzurum Congress started.
- 1926 - The Fox Film Company patents the "Movietone" sound system, which makes it possible to record sound on filmstrip.
- 1929 – Fascist Government in Italy, foreign sözcübanned the use of clarinet.
- 1932 – The master plan, called the Jansen plan, prepared by German architect Hermann Jansen for Ankara was approved.
- 1939 – Following the Hatay Assembly's decision to join Turkey on June 29, 1939, the French Forces left the Hatay State.
- 1951 – Treaty of Paris enters into force.
- 1952 – The Free Officers Movement in Egypt led by Gamal Abdel Nasser overthrew King Farouk and put an end to the monarchy.
- 1960 – Turkish Literary Unions held an extraordinary meeting. At the meeting; Peyami Safa, Samet Ağaoğlu and Faruk Nafız Çamlıbel were expelled from the Union on the grounds that they were supporters of the repression regime before the 27 May Coup.
- 1961 – The Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) is founded in Nicaragua.
- 1963 - France refuses to join the "Test Ban Treaty" made in Moscow to limit nuclear tests.
- 1967 - One of the bloodiest riots in US history begins in Detroit, Michigan. When the events are over; 43 dead, 342 injured and approximately 1400 burned buildings remained.
- 1974 – In the three-day campaign in Cyprus; There were 57 martyrs, 184 injured and 242 casualties.
- 1976 – The Seismic-1 research vessel (Hora) was launched into the Aegean Sea with a ceremony from İstinye Shipyard.
- 1983 – The Buddhist majority in Sri Lanka massacres about 3.000 Tamils. Around 400.000 Tamils fled to neighboring countries. The event went down in Sri Lankan history as the "Black July".
- 1986 - Prince Andrew and Sarah Ferguson got married.
- 1993 – Agdam was occupied by Armenian separatists.
- 1995 - Discovery of comet Hale-Bopp.
- 1996 – Aydın Administrative Court; Gökova accepted the request to stop the activities of Yeniköy and Yatağan thermal power plants on the grounds that they harm the environment.
- 2000 – Yasemin Dalkılıç, underwater sports; He broke two world records with 120 meters in unlimited diving and 100 meters in limited variable weight freediving.
- 2005 – Bombs exploded at three different points in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, killing 88 people.
- 2010 - One Direction band formed.
Births
- 1649 – XI. Clemens, Pope (d. 1721)
- 1821 – August Wilhelm Malm, Swedish zoologist (d. 1882)
- 1854 – Ernest Belfort Bax, English socialist journalist and philosopher (d. 1926)
- 1856 – Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian scholar, lawyer, mathematician, philosopher, and nationalist leader (d. 1920)
- 1870 – Frederick Alexander Macquisten, British lawyer and politician (d. 1940)
- 1878 – Sadri Maksudi Arsal, Turkish-Tatar statesman, lawyer, academic, thinker and politician (d. 1957)
- 1882 – Kazım Karabekir, Turkish soldier and politician (d. 1948)
- 1884 – Emil Jannings, German film actor (d. 1950)
- 1888 – Raymond Chandler, American author (d. 1959)
- 1892 – Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1975)
- 1894 – Alfred Kinsey, American biologist, professor of entomology and zoology (d. 1956)
- 1897 – Ali Mümtaz Arolat, Turkish poet (d. 1967)
- 1899 – Gustav Heinemann, 3rd President of Germany (d. 1976)
- 1906 – Vladimir Prelog, Croatian-Swiss chemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (d. 1998)
- 1908 – Behçet Kemal Çağlar, Turkish poet (d. 1969)
- 1920 – Amalia Rodrigues, Portuguese fado singer and actress (d. 1999)
- 1924 – Gazanfer Bilge, Turkish wrestler and businessman (d. 2008)
- 1925 – Arif Damar, Turkish poet (d. 2010)
- 1931 – Jan Troell, Swedish screenwriter and filmmaker
- 1933 – Richard Rogers, Italian architect
- 1934 – Héctor de Bourgoing, Argentine-French former international football player (b. 1993)
- 1942 – Anne Aaserud, Norwegian art historian (d. 2017)
- 1943 – Tony Joe White, American rock-funk-blues musician, songwriter, and singer (d. 2018)
- 1950 – Namık Korhan, Turkish Cypriot diplomat
- 1951 – Edie McClurg, American actress, comedian, and voice actor
- 1951 – Leman Sam, Turkish singer
- 1953 – Kazım Akşar, Turkish theater and film actor
- 1953 – Necip Razak, Malaysia's sixth prime minister
- 1953 – Ahmet Sezerel, Turkish film actor
- 1956 – Atilla Sertel, Turkish journalist and politician
- 1957 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch film director, producer, screenwriter, author, and journalist (d. 2004)
- 1959 – Mauro Zuliani, Italian athlete
- 1961 – Martin Gore, English musician, songwriter and composer (Depeche Mode)
- 1961 – Woody Harrelson, American actor and Emmy Award winner
- 1964 – Bekir Ilıcalı, Turkish businessman and President of Erzurumspor
- 1964 – Nick Menza, German musician and drummer (d. 2016)
- 1965 – Slash, English guitarist (Guns N' Roses)
- 1965 – Jörg Stubner, German former professional football player (d. 2019)
- 1967 – Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor and Academy Award winner (d. 2014)
- 1968 - Gary Payton, American basketball player
- 1969 – Marco Bode, German national football player
- 1970 - Charisma Carpenter, American actress
- 1971 - Alison Krauss is an American bluegrass-country singer, songwriter, and violinist.
- 1972 – Élber Giovane, Brazilian football player
- 1972 – Élber Giovane, Brazilian football player
- 1972 – Marlon Wayans, American actor, producer, and comedian
- 1972 – Suat Kılıç, Turkish lawyer and politician
- 1973 – Monica Lewinsky, American public servant and former White House intern
- 1975 – Alessio Tacchinardi, Italian former international football player
- 1976 – Jonathan Gallant, Canadian guitarist (Billy Talent band)
- 1976 – Öztürk İlmaz, Turkish rock music singer
- 1976 – Judit Polgár is a Hungarian chess master
- 1979 – Mehmet Akif Alakurt, Turkish actor
- 1979 – Sotiris Kiryakos, Greek football player
- 1980 – Michelle Williams, American gospel and R&B singer, songwriter, actress, and dancer
- 1981 - Susan Hoecke, German actress
- 1981 – Dmitriy Karpov, Kazakh athlete
- 1982 – Gokhan Unal, Turkish football player
- 1982 – Ömer Aysan Barış, Turkish football player
- 1982 – Paul Wesley, American actor
- 1983 - Aaron Peirsol, American swimmer
- 1984 – Walter Gargano, Uruguayan football player
- 1984 – Brandon Roy, American basketball player
- 1985 – Anna Maria Mühe, German actress
- 1987 – Serdar Kurtuluş, Turkish football player
- 1987 – Julian Nagelsmann, German coach
- 1989 – Burcu Kıratlı, Turkish actress
- 1989 – Daniel Radcliffe, English actor
- 1992 – Konstantinos Tzortziou, Greek e-athlete
- 1996 – Danielle Bradbery, American country music singer
- 1996 – Sinan Kurt is a Turkish-German football player.
- 1997 – Ömer Atılgan, Computer Programmer of Turkish origin
Deaths
- 1160 – al-Fa'iz became the thirteenth Fatimid Caliph during 1154 -1160 (b. 1149)
- 1497 – Barbara Fugger, German businessman and banker (b. 1419)
- 1596 - Henry Carey, King VIII. Henry's son by Mary Boleyn (b. 1526)
- 1645 – Michael I, Tsar of Russia (b. 1596)
- 1756 – Erik Brahe, Swedish noble count (b. 1722)
- 1757 – Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer (b. 1685)
- 1802 – María Cayetana de Silva, one of the popular models of Spanish aristocrat and painter Francisco de Goya (b. 1762)
- 1875 – Isaac Singer, American inventor, actor, and businessman (b. 1811)
- 1885 – Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)
- 1916 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
- 1926 – Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
- 1932 – Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian aviator (b. 1873)
- 1941 – Kamil Akdik, Turkish calligrapher (b. 1861)
- 1942 – Nikola Vaptsarov, Bulgarian poet (b. 1909)
- 1942 – Valdemar Poulsen, Danish engineer and inventor (b. 1869)
- 1944 – Eduard Wagner, II. Nazi Germany army general who served in World War II (b. 1894)
- 1944 – Hans von Sponeck, German general, gymnast, and football player (b. 1888)
- 1948 – DW Griffith, American film director (b. 1875)
- 1951 – Philippe Pétain, French field marshal and President of Vichy France (b. 1856)
- 1951 – Robert Joseph Flaherty, American film director and producer (b. 1884)
- 1955 – Cordell Hull, Tennessee-American politician (b. 1871)
- 1966 – Montgomery Clift, American actor (b. 1920)
- 1967 – Ahmet Kutsi Tecer, Turkish poet, writer and educator (b. 1901)
- 1968 – Henry Hallett Dale, English pharmacologist and physiologist (b. 1875)
- 1971 – Van Heflin, American actor (b. 1910)
- 1972 – Suat Derviş, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1903)
- 1973 – Eddie Rickenbacker, American Medal of Honor as a World War I Ace pilot (b. 1890)
- 1976 – Mehmet Ertuğruloğlu, Turkish Cypriot politician and diplomat
- 1979 – Joseph Kessel, French writer and journalist (b. 1898)
- 1981 – Ivan Eklind, Swedish football referee (b. 1905)
- 1983 – Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)
- 1989 – Cevat Dereli, Turkish painter (b. 1900)
- 1989 – Donald Barthelme, American short story and novelist (b. 1931)
- 1991 – Ertan Anapa, Turkish composer and singer (b. 1939)
- 1996 – Aliki Vuyuklaki, Greek actress (b. 1934)
- 1997 – Chūhei Nambu, Japanese athlete (b. 1904)
- 1999 – II. Hassan, King of Morocco (b. 1929)
- 2000 – Cenk Koray, Turkish writer and journalist (b. 1944)
- 2003 – Sinan Erdem, Turkish volleyball player and President of the Turkish National Olympic Committee (b. 1927)
- 2004 – Serge Reggiani, Italian-French actor and singer (b. 1922)
- 2007 – Ernst Otto Fischer, German chemist and Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry (b. 1918)
- 2007 – Zahir Shah, Shah of Afghanistan (b. 1914)
- 2007 – Ziya Demirel, Turkish theater artist and director (b. 1919)
- 2008 – Fethi Naci, Turkish writer and critic (b. 1927)
- 2011 – Amy Winehouse, English singer and composer (b. 1983)
- 2012 – Sally Ride, American astronaut and astrophysicist (b. 1951)
- 2013 – Rona Anderson, Scottish actress (b. 1926)
- 2013 – Djalma Santos, Brazilian football player (b. 1929)
- 2014 – Dora Bryan, English actress (b. 1923)
- 2016 – Hüseyin Altın, Turkish singer and composer (b. 1958)
- 2016 – Thorbjörn Fälldin, Swedish politician (b. 1926)
- 2017 – Elliott Castro, Puerto Rican sports commentator, sports historian, and author (b. 1949)
- 2017 – John Kundla, American former NBA and college basketball coach (b. 1916)
- 2017 – Mehmet Nuri Nas, Turkish Agricultural Engineer and academic (b. 1969)
- 2017 – Bob DeMoss, Former American football player and coach (b. 1927)
- 2017 – Flo Steinberg, American comics writer and publisher (b. 1939)
- 2018 – Maryon Pittman Allen, American journalist, author, and politician (b. 1925)
- 2018 – Oksana Shachko, Ukrainian artist and activist (b. 1987)
- 2018 – Giuseppe Tonutti, Italian politician (b. 1925)
- 2019 – Prince Ferdinand von Bismarck, German lawyer, businessman, and noble (b. 1930)
- 2019 – Gabe Khouth, Canadian actor and voice actor (b. 1972)
- 2019 – Danica McGuigan, Irish actress (b. 1986)
- 2019 – Lois Wille, American journalist, editor, and columnist (b. 1931)
- 2020 – Lamine Bechichi, Algerian politician (b. 1927)
- 2020 – Hassan Brijany, Swedish actor (b. 1961)
- 2020 – Leida Rammo, Estonian actress and theater director (b. 1924)
- 2020 – Tamilla Sait kizi Rustemova-Krastinsh was a Soviet and Russian actress and pianist of Azerbaijani origin (b. 1936)
- 2020 – Jacqueline Scott, American actress (b. 1931)
- 2020 – Stuart Wheeler, English financier, businessman, politician, activist and lawyer (b. 1935)
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