The First Electric Tram in England Entered Service

March 4 is the 63th day of the year (64st in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 302 days remaining until the end of the year.

Railways

The will of Sultan Abdülaziz to examine the company on March 4, 1873 Hirsch acting against the contract. On March 7, 1873, the decision of Meclis-i Vukela was published.
1882 – The first electric tram goes into service in England.

Events

1493 - Explorer Christopher Columbus arrived in America on his ship Niña.
1656 – Vaka-i Vakvakiye: Soldiers rioting for low-set money and undelivered salaries, IV. With Mehmed's approval, they had some palace lords executed.
1774 - The Orion Nebula was first observed by William Herschel.
1791 - Vermont becomes the 14th state of the USA.
1877 – First performance of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake Ballet.
1894 – Great fire in Shanghai: More than 1000 buildings are destroyed.
1923 – Izmir Economy Congress, which started with Mustafa Kemal Pasha's speech on 17 February, came to an end. Misak-ı İktisadî was accepted at the congress.
1924 - Happy Birthday to You song released by Clayton F. Summy.
1924 – Caliph Abdülmecit Efendi and members of the Ottoman Dynasty were expelled abroad.
1925 – The Law of Recognition of Sukun, which gives extraordinary powers to the government, was accepted in the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
1929 – The Law of Recognition was repealed.
1934 – Ankara Radio started broadcasting.
1940 – In the Sixth Balkan Wrestling Championship held in Istanbul, the Turkish team won five championships and became the champion for the sixth time.
1946 - Frank Sinatra's debut album The Voice of Frank Sinatra, released by Columbia Records.
1949 – In the Soviet Union, Molotov was dismissed from the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs without justification.
1952 - Ronald Reagan married his second wife, Nancy Davis, in Los Angeles.
1954 - First successful kidney transplant performed in Boston.
1955 – Minneapolis Moline Turkish Tractor and Agricultural Machinery Factory, established with Turkish-American cooperation, started tractor production in Ankara by assembling. Today, it continues its activities under the name of Türk Traktör.
1964 – The UN Security Council decided to send international forces to Cyprus.
1965 – The Government of Suat Hayri Ürgüplü received a vote of confidence with 231 acceptances, 200 rejections and 1 abstention given by Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu.
1966 – A Canadian passenger plane explodes on landing in Tokyo, killing 64.
1967 – In the CHP Youth Branch statement, it was demanded that "Ekizler", led by Turhan Feyzioğlu, be expelled from the party.
1970 - The French submarine "Eurydice" explodes.
1977 – Earthquake in Southern and Eastern Europe: More than 1500 dead.
1979 - Jupiter's rings are visible in photographs sent by Voyager I.
1981 – Turkey's Paris Labor Attaché, Reşat Moralı, died as a result of the attack of the Armenian organization ASALA militants. Religious official Tecelli Arı, who was seriously injured in the incident, also died a day later.
1991 – 2 people were killed and 25 people were injured as a result of firing on the crowd marching in the İdil district of Mardin. Three days later, a group marching in Mardin's Dargeçit district to protest the events in İdil opened fire, 1 person was killed and 7 people were injured.
1992 – The Jews, who escaped from Spain due to the pressure of the Inquisition and took refuge in the Ottoman Empire, celebrated the 500th anniversary of their arrival in Turkey.
1995 – Michael Johnson sets the 400m World record indoors: 44,63 s.
1997 - US President Bill Clinton bans human cloning research.
1997 - Comet Hale-Bopp passed directly over the Sun.
1998 - The U.S. Supreme Court affirmed that workplace sexual harassment laws apply when both parties are the same sex.
2000 – The Supreme Court of Appeals General Assembly approved names of Kurdish origin for the first time.
2002 – Moderate Albanian leader Ibrahim Rugova is elected the first President of Kosovo.
2003 – A bomb hidden in a backpack explodes at an airport in the south of the Philippines, killing 21.
2005 – German Matthias Jeschke broke the record for “highest position climbed by a vehicle” by reaching 90 meters in Ojos del Salado in his Toyota Landcruiser 6 V6358.
2012 – Russian Vladimir Putin was elected President for the second time with 59,3% of the votes in Russia as a result of the elections.

Births

624 – Hasan bin Ali, 5th Islamic Caliph (d. 669)
1188 – Blanche of Castile, Queen of France as consort of Louis VIII (d. 1252)
1394 – Henrique the sailor, Prince of Portugal (d. 1460)
1526 - Henry Carey, King VIII. Henry's son by Mary Boleyn (d. 1596)
1574 – Carl Gyllenhielm, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1650)
1634 – Kazimierz Łyszczyński, Polish nobleman, philosopher, and soldier (d. 1689)
1678 – Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer (d. 1741)
1769 – Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Pasha, Governor of Ottoman Egypt, Khedive of Egypt and Sudan (d. 1849)
1819 – Narcyza Żmichowska, Polish novelist and poet (d. 1876)
1829 – Samuel Rawson Gardiner, English historian (d. 1902)
1854 – Napier Shaw, British meteorologist (d. 1945)
1858 – Alfred Blaschko, German dermatologist (d. 1922)
1863 – Reginald Innes Pocock, British zoologist (d. 1947)
1864 – Alejandro Lerroux, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1949)
1874 – Jan Černý, prime minister of Czechoslovakia (d. 1959)
1875 – Mihály Károlyi, first president of Hungary (d. 1955)
1887 – Willy Meller, German sculptor (d. 1974)
1889 Hong Saik, Japanese soldier (d. 1948)
1892 – Yi Kwang-su, Korean novelist, author, poet, and journalist (d. 1950)
1898 – Georges Dumézil, French historian and linguist (d. 1986)
1898 – Hans Krebs, Nazi Germany Infantry General and head of the OKH (d. 1945)
1898 – Dora Diamant, Polish actress (d. 1952)
1913 – John Garfield, American actor (d. 1952)
1928 – Fikret Tabeyev, Soviet Tatar politician, ambassador, party leader, founder of the Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan (d. 2015)
1932 – Miriam Makeba, South African singer and civil rights activist (d. 2008)
1938 – Kito Lorenc, German writer
1947 – David Franzoni, American screenwriter and filmmaker
1947 – Jan Garbarek, Norwegian musician
1947 – Kamil Sönmez, Turkish folk music artist, film and theater actor (d. 2012)
1949 – Sergey Bagapsh, Abkhazian politician
1951 – Kenny Dalglish, Scottish football player and manager
1953 – Agustí Villaronga, Spanish film director, screenwriter, and actor (d. 2023)
1954 – Catherine O'Hara, Canadian-American stage and film actress
1954 – François Fillon, French politician
1954 – Ricky Ford, American jazz musician and saxophonist
1955 – Dominique Pinon, French actress
1963 – Jason Newsted, American musician (metallica, voivod)
1966 – Wash Westmoreland, British director
1968 – Kiriakos Mitsotakis, Greek politician
1968 - Patsy Kensit, English actress
1970 – Kuddusi Müftüoğlu, Turkish football referee
1971 – Seher Dilovan, Turkish folk music artist
1974 - Ariel Ortega, Argentine football player
1975 - Patrick Femerling is a retired German basketball player.
1977 – Didem Süer, Turkish basketball player
1977 – Ercan Yılmaz, Turkish poet and writer
1980 – Omar Bravo, Mexican football player
1981 – Ariza Makukula is a Portuguese former national football player of Zaire descent.
1982 – Landon Donovan is an American retired professional football player.
1982 – Yasemin Mori, Turkish singer and songwriter
1983 – Samuel Contesti, French-Italian figure skater
1985 – Whitney Port, American television character and model (The Hills, The City)
1985 – Angela White Australian pornography star
1986 – Tom De Mul, Belgian football player
1986 – Mike Krieger, Brazilian entrepreneur and computer programmer
1986 - Erin O'Kelley, American beauty queen
1986 – Margo Harshman, American actress
1987 – Tamzin Merchant, English actress
1988 – Gal Mekel is an Israeli national professional basketball player.
1990 – Andrea Bowen, American actress
1990 – Draymond Green, American professional basketball player
1990 – Fran Merida, Spanish football player
1992 – Bernd Leno, German football player
1992 – Erik Lamela, Argentine football player
1992 – Jared Sullinger, American basketball player
1993 – Bobbi Kristina Brown, American TV star, singer, and model (d. 2015)
1993 – Ahmet Düverioğlu, Jordanian basketball player
1995 – Chlöe Howl, English singer-songwriter

Deaths

1193 – Salahaddin Eyyubi, Ayyubid Sultan who stood against the Crusader attacks (b. 1138)
1238 – II. Yuri, Between 1212-1216 and 1218-1238, he was the principality of Russia at the time of the Mongol invasion (b. 1189)
1615 – Hans von Aachen, German painter (b. 1552)
1832 – Jean-François Champollion, French philologist (b. 1790)
1851 – James Richardson, American explorer (b. 1809)
1852 – Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (b. 1809)
1856 – Damat Georgian Halil Rifat Pasha, Ottoman statesman and Chief Admiral (b. 1795)
1858 – Matthew C. Perry, American naval officer (b. 1794)
1906 – John Schofield, American general and politician (b. 1831)
1916 – Franz Marc, German painter (b. 1880)
1936 – Lou Marsh, Canadian referee and journalist (b. 1879)
1941 – Ludwig Quidde, German pacifist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1858)
1948 – Antonin Artaud, French playwright, poet and theater actor (b. 1896)
1952 – Charles Scott Sherrington, English bacteriologist, pathologist, and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1857)
1967 – Michel Plancherel, Swiss mathematician (b. 1885)
1976 – Walter H. Schottky, German physicist (b. 1886)
1984 – Ernest Buckler, Canadian novelist and short story writer (b. 1908)
1986 – Osman Kibar, Turkish politician and former Izmir Mayor (became famous as “Asphalt Osman” because of his intense asphalt work in Izmir) (b. 1909)
1991 – Yadigar Ejder, Turkish actor (b. 1951)
1993 – Miguel de Molina, Spanish flamenco singer and actor (b. 1908)
1994 – John Candy, Canadian actor and comedian (b. 1950)
2010 – Vladislav Ardzinba, Abkhaz politician (b. 1945)
2011 – Simon van der Meer, Dutch physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1925)
2011 – Alenuş Teryan, Iranian Armenian astronomer and physicist (b. 1921)
2012 – Hasan Eryılmaz, Turkish policeman (b. 1949)
2012 – Joan Taylor, American actress (b. 1923)
2016 – Thomas G. Morris, American politician (b. 1919)
2016 – Bud Collins, American journalist and sports commentator and presenter (b. 1929)
2016 – Pat Conroy, American novelist and author (b. 1945)
2017 – Margaret Roberts, South African botanist (b. 1937)
2017 – Clayton Yeutter, American politician (b. 1930)
2018 – Davide Astori, Italian football player (b. 1987)
2019 – Keith Charles Flint, English musician (b. 1969)
2019 – Blake Theodore Lindsay, Canadian professional ice hockey player (b. 1925)
2019 – Robert DeProspero, American intelligence officer and agent (b. 1938)
2019 – Luke Perry, American actor and dubbing artist (b. 1966)
2020 – Adelaide Chiozzo, Brazilian actress and accordionist (b. 1931)
2020 – Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Peruvian diplomat and fifth secretary-general of the United Nations (b. 1920)
2021 – Kemal Amir, Egyptian politician and senior soldier (b. 1942)
2021 – Karima Brown, South African journalist, television presenter, radio broadcaster (b. 1967)
2021 – Phil Chisnall, former English professional football player (b. 1942)
2021 – Osman Erbaş, Turkish soldier (b. 1962)
2021 – Paulette Guinchard-Kunstler, French politician (b. 1949)
2021 – Heinz Klevenow Jr., German actor and artistic director (b. 1940)
2022 – Guido Anzile, Italian-French racing cyclist (b. 1928)
2022 – Anne Beaumanoir, French neurologist and human rights activist (b. 1923)
2022 – Valentin Knish, Russian politician (b. 1937)
2022 – Akrep Nalan, Turkish pop music singer and actress (b. 1954)
2022 – Mitchell Ryan, American actor (b. 1934)

Holidays and special occasions

World Day to Fight Sexual Abuse