Global Climate Change and Effects of Temperature Increase
Global climate change is a phenomenon that has profound effects on the entire world. The temperature increases experienced in recent years are one of the most obvious indicators of this change. Especially Copernicus Climate Change Service data makes this situation striking. Last month, the global average surface air temperature was 1991-2020 May average 0,53 degrees by stepping on 15,79 degrees It was recorded as the second warmest May on record.
Global Temperature Records and Trends
May is the month when the temperature record is broken May 2024'skin 0,12 degrees colder, but the third warmest month of May 2020from 0,06 degrees It has been warmer. To better understand this situation, it is important to compare temperatures with the pre-industrial average. Last May, the temperature was 1,4 degrees measured on and thus the global temperature is above the average for the period in question 1,5 degrees The last 22 months of the process he has been following have come to an end.
Drought in May and Its Effects
May is not only marked by high temperatures, but also drought. Much of northern and central Europe, as well as southern Russia, Ukraine and Türkiye, has been drier than average. This is particularly true in parts of northwestern Europe during the spring Since 1979 resulted in the lowest rainfall and soil moisture levels.
- The ongoing drought in Europe, since records began to be kept in 1992 resulting in the lowest spring river flows.
- The area covered by Arctic sea ice is above average percent 2 staying under According to 47 years of satellite records May was the 9th lowest monthly sea ice area.
- The area covered by sea ice in Antarctica is above average percent 9 It remained below the 5th lowest value recorded for May.
Climate Change Experts' Views
Director of Boğaziçi University Climate Change and Policy Application and Research Center prof. Dr. Levent Kurnaz, from the beginning of 2025 to the end of May 35 days It was recorded as the hottest day in history. Last year's spring season was much warmer compared to this year. 0,1 degrees Stating that it has been warmer than ever before, Kurnaz emphasizes that the spring of 2025 will be the second hottest spring period.
Expectations for the Summer Season
Kurnaz states that the probability of the hottest day globally occurring in the summer is very low. He makes the following assessments on this subject:
- When we look at the months of March, April and May, After 2024 It is the second hottest year we have ever experienced.
- It was observed that after May 20, the temperature difference with 2024 gradually widened.
- It is stated that, compared to the world, cool weather prevails in Türkiye in April and serious frost events are encountered.
El Nino's Effects and Future Predictions
Kurnaz draws attention to the effects of the end of El Nino on the climate. The fact that there is no heat pressure like El Nino in the world right now indicates that 2025 will be a relatively cooler year. However, this situation, Third hottest year compared to 2024 and 2023 In other words, it should not be perceived as a cool year, because temperatures will be quite high this year as well.
Methods to Combat Global Climate Change
Fighting global climate change is not only the responsibility of governments but also of individuals. In this context, the following methods should be considered:
- Use of Renewable Energy: Solar, wind and hydroelectric energy should be used instead of fossil fuels.
- Afforestation Activities: Tree planting plays an important role in combating climate change by increasing carbon dioxide absorption.
- Education and Awareness: Raising people's awareness about climate change is critical to accelerating change.
In conclusion, global climate change is a serious problem affecting the entire world. It is vital to develop and implement effective strategies to combat temperature increases, droughts and other negative impacts.
