May 31 is the 151nd day of the year (152rd in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 214 days left until the end of the year.

Railways

31 May 1934 date and 2487 numbered Law and İzmir-Kasaba and Temdidi Railways (703 km) were purchased from the French. 5 Turkish Debt Securities with 50 interest and 1934 year reductions were paid to the company. The total value was 162.468.000 French Franc. This line 20 was taken to the State Railways network as of May 1934.
31 May 1976 Arifiye-Sincan new railroad and Ayaş Tunnel (Ankara-Istanbul Speed Railway Project) were tendered. The construction of the project, which was awarded to Nurol İnşaat ve Tic AŞ, started in the same year.

Events

1279 BC – In Ancient Egypt, the 19th Dynasty pharaohs II. Ramses took over.
1799 - After the defeat of Akka, Napoleon left the battlefield to Cezzar Ahmed Pasha's forces.
1859 – The clock of Big Ben, the famous clock tower in London, started working for the first time.
1911 – The RMS Titanic cruise ship is launched. (Construction will be completed in 1912.)
1927 - The last of the Ford Model T cars rolled off the production line. Until this date, exactly 15.007.003 vehicles of the same model were produced.
1933 – The law regarding the closure of Istanbul Darülfünunu and the establishment of a new university under the Ministry of National Education was passed.
1946 – An earthquake with a magnitude of 5,7 occurred in Varto and Hınıs: 839 people died, 1991 houses were destroyed.
1957 – Atatürk University law was accepted.
1960 – Turkish Army National Football Team became World Champion for the second time.
1967 – An artificial heart valve was implanted in a patient for the second time in Turkey.
1969 – Famous soprano Maria Callas will shoot Pier Paolo Pasolini in Goreme.MedeaHe came to Turkey for the movie ".
1971 – THKO militants Sinan Cemgil, Kadir Manga and Alparslan Özdoğan were killed in a clash with the security forces in the Nurhak Mountains in the Nurhak district of Kahramanmaraş.
1983 – The National Security Council closed the Great Turkey Party with its statement numbered 79.
1985 – The psychedelic drug “Methylenedioxymethamphetamine” (MDMA), also known as Ecstasy, is placed on the US banned drugs list.
1987 – Greece's first legal private radio station begins broadcasting.
1996 – Erzurum Dadaşkent Mayor Ensar Coşkun, “I will plug the sewer of the one who gave the student a home. Male and female students live the life of husband and wife in the houses they rent." said.
1999 – The trial of PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan began on İmralı Island.
2002 – 2002 FIFA World Cup kicked off in South Korea and Japan.
2010 – Israeli army raided 9 humanitarian aid ships of IHH (Humanitarian Relief Foundation) departing from Turkey. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu expressed his support for the operation.

Births

1557 – Fyodor I, Tsar of Russia (d. 1598)
1819 – Walt Whitman, American poet (d. 1892)
1852 – Francisco Pascasio Moreno, Argentine explorer, anthropologist, and geologist (d. 1919)
1852 – Julius Richard Petri, German bacteriologist, military physician, and surgeon (d. 1921)
1857 – XI. Pius, 259th Pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1939)
1907 – Peter Fleming, English journalist and traveler (d. 1971)
1922 – Denholm Elliott, English film and stage actor (d. 1991)
1923 – III. Rainier, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
1926 – Gilbert Pérol, French diplomat (d. 1995)
1926 – John G. Kemeny, American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator (d. 1992)
1930 – Clint Eastwood, American actor, producer, director, and Academy Award winner for Best Director
1931 – Robert Schrieffer, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 2019)
1932 – Jay Miner, American integrated circuit designer (d. 1994)
1933 – Metin Bükey, Turkish composer and musician (d. 1997)
1943 - Sharon Gless, American actress and television actress
1945 - Laurent Gbagbo, fourth President of Ivory Coast
1945 – Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German film director (d. 1982)
1948 – Svetlana Alexievich, Belarusian, 2015 Nobel Prize winner for Literature, investigative journalist and author
1948 – Ahmet Vefik Alp, Turkish architect, urban scientist and politician
1948 – John Bonham, English musician (d. 1980)
1950 – Jorge Taiana, Argentine sociologist
1952 Jim Vallance, Canadian musician
1952 Catherine McGoohan, English-American actress
1955 – Nilüfer, Turkish singer, songwriter and producer
1958 – Gulgun Feyman, Turkish newscaster
1959 – Andrea de Cesaris, Italian former racing driver (d. 2014)
1961 – Lea Thompson, American actress and film director
1962 – Corey Hart, Canadian pop singer
1962 – Sebastian Koch, German actor
1963 – Viktor Orban, Hungarian politician
1965 – Adnan Tönel, Turkish actor and academician
1965 Brooke Shields, American actress and model
1967 – Sandrine Bonnaire, French actress
1972 – Archie Panjabi, English actress
1974 – Kenan Doğulu, Turkish singer, songwriter, composer and album producer
1975 – Merle Dandridge, Japanese-American actress and voice actor
1976 – Colin Farrell, Irish actor
1977 – Karim Chérif, French-German actor of Algerian descent
1978 - Guillaume Delorme, French actor
1979 – Jean-François Gillet, Belgian national football player
1980 – Ricardo Pateiro, Portuguese football player
1981 – Mikael Antonsson, Swedish national football player
1981 – Daniele Bonera, Italian football player
1983 – Zana Marjanović, Bosnian actress and producer
1984 - Nate Robinson, American basketball player
1986 – Sopho Halvashi, Georgian singer
1987 – TyDi, Australian DJ
1989 – Marco Reus, German football player
1990 – Giuliano, Brazilian football player
1996 – Normani, American singer
2001 – Iga Świątek, Polish tennis player

Deaths

455 – Petronius Maximus, Roman Aristocrat who ascended the throne in Western Rome (b. 396)
1009 – Ibn Yunus, Egyptian astronomer and mathematician (b. 951)
1237 – Alaeddin Keykubad I, Sultan of the Anatolian Seljuk State (b. 1190)
1408 – Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, third shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate (b. 1358)
1554 – Marcantonio Trevisan, 4 who presided over the Republic of Venice with the title of “Doç” during the period of June 1553, 31 – May 1554, 80 (b. 1475)
1594 – Tintoretto, Venetian painter (b. 1518)
1740 – Friedrich Wilhelm I, King of Prussia (b. 1688)
1809 – Franz Joseph Haydn, Austrian composer (b. 1732)
1809 – Jean Lannes, French field marshal (b. 1769)
1832 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician (b. 1811)
1837 – Joseph Grimaldi, English clown and comedian (b. 1779)
1867 – Théophile-Jules Pelouze, French chemist (b. 1807)
1908 – Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Canadian poet, politician, and author (b. 1839)
1910 – Elizabeth Blackwell, American physician (b. 1821)
1920 – Nasrullah Khan, amir of Afghanistan, who reigned for only one week in 1919 (b. 1874)
1945 – Odilo Globocnik, Austrian Nazi and later an SS leader (b. 1904)
1947 – Adrienne Ames, American actress (b. 1907)
1953 – Vladimir Tatlin, Soviet architect, sculptor, and theorist (b. 1885)
1960 – Walther Funk, German politician (b. 1890)
1962 – Adolf Eichmann, Nazi officer tried and executed in Israel (b. 1906)
1963 – Ahmet Bedevi, known as the "Manisa Tarzan" (b. 1899)
1967 – Billy Strayhorn, American jazz composer, pianist, songwriter, and arranger (b. 1915)
1971 – Sinan Cemgil, Turkish revolutionary and one of the founders of THKO (b. 1944)
1971 – Kadir Manga, co-founder of the People's Liberation Army of Turkey (THKO) (b. 1947)
1971 – Alpaslan Özdoğan, member of THKO organization (b. 1946)
1976 – Jacques Monod, French biologist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1910)
1978 – József Bozsik, Hungarian football player (b. 1925)
1983 – Jack Dempsey, American heavyweight boxing champion (b. 1895)
1988 – Ömer Lütfi Akadlı, Turkish lawyer (b. 1902)
1994 – Space Hepar, Turkish musician (b. 1969)
1996 – Timothy Leary, American author, psychologist, and computer programmer (b. 1920)
1999 – Davor Dujmovic, actor from Bosnia and Herzegovina (b. 1969)
2000 – Tito Puente, Puerto Rican-American Latin jazz musician (b. 1923)
2004 – Mehmet Fuat Doğu, Turkish soldier and intelligence officer (b. 1914)
2006 – Miguel Berrocal, Spanish painter and sculptor (b. 1933)
2006 – Raymond Davis Jr., American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1914)
2009 – Millvina Dean, British activist (b. 1912)
2010 – Louise Bourgeois, French sculptor (b. 1911)
2012 – Orlando Woolridge, American former basketball player and coach (b. 1959)
2013 – Jean Stapleton, American actor (b. 1923)
2014 – Marinho Chagas, Brazilian former international football player (b. 1952)
2014 – Martha Hyer, American actress (b. 1924)
2015 – Behiye Aksoy, Turkish classical music singer (b. 1933)
2016 – Mohammed Abdulaziz, Western Saharan politician (b. 1947)
2016 – Corry Brokken, Dutch singer (b. 1932)
2016 – Carla Lane, British screenwriter (b. 1928)
2017 – Aydoğan Aydın, Turkish soldier (b. 1966)
2017 – Jiří Bělohlávek, Czech conductor (b. 1946)
2017 – Lubomyr Husar, archbishop of the Ukrainian Catholic Church (b. 1933)
2017 – Tino Insana, American comedian, actor, and voice actor (b. 1948)
2017 – Lyn James, Welsh-Australian actress (b. 1929)
2017 – John May, American politician and bureaucrat (b. 1950)
2018 – Michael D. Ford, English art director and stage designer (b. 1928)
2018 – Anibal Quijano, Peruvian sociologist and humanist philosopher (b. 1928)
2019 – Roky Erickson, American rock singer, songwriter, harmonica artist, and guitarist (b. 1947)
2019 – Jim McMullan, American actor (b. 1936)
2019 – Hari Sabarno, Indonesian soldier and politician (b. 1944)
2020 – Carina Boberg, Swedish actress (b. 1952)
2020 – Dan van Husen, German actor (b. 1945)
2020 – Robert Northern, American jazz musician and educator (b. 1934)
2021 – Andreea Bollengier, Franco-Romanian chess player (b. 1975)
2021 – Peter Del Monte, Italian filmmaker, director and screenwriter (b. 1943)
2021 – Arlene Golonka, American actress (b. 1936)
2021 – Lil Loaded, American rapper, musician, songwriter, and internet phenomenon (b. 2000)
2022 – Andrée Geulen, Belgian educator and philanthropist (b. 1921)
2022 – Jacques N'Guea, Cameroonian national football player (b. 1955)
2022 – Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela, Colombian drug lord (b. 1939)