March 19 is the 78th day of the year (79st in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 287 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

1279 – In the Battle of Yamen, the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty with a force of 20 thousand defeated the Chinese Southern Song Dynasty of 200 and gained dominance in all of China.
1452 – III. Frederick was the last Holy Roman emperor to be crowned by the Pope.
1839 - Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre invented the daguerreotype.
1866 - The Ottoman Government gave permission for the opening of the Suez Canal.
1877 – Ayan Council started its duty.
1883 - American shoemaker Jan Ernst Matzeliger revolutionized the shoe industry by inventing the first machine that could completely manufacture one shoe at a time.
1899 - Castrol company, which produces automobile oil, is founded.
1915 – The first photograph of Pluto, one of the Solar System planets, was taken. However, it was not understood at that time that Pluto was a new planet.
1920 - The US Senate refuses to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
1932 - Sydney Harbor Bridge opened.
1945 – The US Navy aircraft carrier USS Franklin is bombed by the Imperial Japanese Navy bomber “Ginga”.
1945 – The USSR announced in a note that it would not renew the 1925 Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Neutrality.
1955 – Erol Güney, Ankara representative of Agence France-Presse (AFP), was stripped of his Turkish citizenship.
1965 – In the firedamp explosion at Merzifon's Çeltek Lignite Enterprise; 69 workers were killed and 58 workers were injured.
1970 - Willy Brandt, Chancellor of West Germany, and Willi Stoph, Chancellor of East Germany, meet for the first time.
1982 – President General Kenan Evren met with the President of the European Economic Community (EEC) Council of Ministers and the Belgian Foreign Minister Leo Tindemans.
1998 – In the case of the murder of journalist Metin Göktepe; five police officers were sentenced to 7 years and six months in prison for causing death by using force beyond intent, and six police officers were acquitted.
2003 - US troops enter the demilitarized zone on the Iraq-Kuwait border. US planes also started bombing western Iraq.
2006 – Azerbaijan National Resistance Organization was established.
2007 – Tens of thousands of people participated in the “No to War” march organized by the “United for Peace and Justice” organization in New York.
2007 – 270 miners died in an explosion 108 m below ground at the Ulyanovskaya mining operation in Novokuznetsk city in Russia's Kemerovo Oblast.
2011 – To intervene in the 2011 Libyan uprising, Coalition Forces launched the 1973 Libyan bombardment, in line with United Nations Security Council resolution 2011.
2016 – A bomb explosion occurred in Taksim, Istanbul. 4 dead and 36 injured.
2016 – Flydubai passenger plane crashed during landing, arriving from Dubai city and landing at the airport in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. All 55 passengers and 7 crew members were killed.

Births

1206 – Güyük Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan (d. 1248)
1434 – Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, seventh shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate (d. 1443)
1496 – Mary Tudor, Queen of France (d. 1533)
1534 – José de Anchieta, Spanish Jesuit missionary (d. 1597)
1604 – IV. João, Duke of Braganza (d. 1656)
1641 – Abdulgani Nablus, scholar and Sufi from Damascus (d. 1731)
1661 – Francesco Gasparini, Italian baroque composer (d. 1727)
1750 – Andre Joseph Abrial, French politician (d. 1828)
1792 – José María Carreño, president of Venezuela (d. 1849)
1801 – Salvadore Cammarano, Italian librettist and dramatist (d. 1852)
1807 – Johann Nepomuk Hiedler, paternal grandfather of Adolf Hitler (d. 1888)
1813 – David Livingstone, Scottish missionary and explorer (d. 1873)
1816 – Ekaterine Dadiani, last princess of the Principality of Megrelia (d. 1882)
1821 – Richard Francis Burton, English explorer (d. 1890)
1832 – Arminius Vambery, Hungarian orientalist (d. 1913)
1848 Wyatt Earp, American lawman (d. 1929)
1849 Alfred von Tirpitz, German admiral (d. 1930)
1855 – David Peck Todd, American astronomer (d. 1939)
1866 – Emilio De Bono, Italian Field Marshal (d. 1944)
1873 – Max Reger, German composer, pianist, organist, conductor, and teacher (d. 1916)
1882 Gaston Lachaise, American figurative sculptor (d. 1935)
1883 – Norman Haworth, English chemist (d. 1950)
1883 – Joseph Stilwell, American general (d. 1946)
1888 – Josef Albers, American painter (d. 1976)
1892 – Mexican Joe Rivers, American lightweight boxer (d. 1957)
1894 – Sabiha Sultan, daughter of Sultan Vahdettin (d. 1971)
1897 – Joseph Darnand, French soldier (d. 1945)
1900 – Frédéric Joliot-Curie, French physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (1958)
1905 – Albert Speer, German politician (d. 1981)
1906 – Adolf Eichmann, German Schutzstaffel officer (d. 1962)
1912 – Adolf Galland, Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe ace pilot (d. 1996)
1914 – Jiang Qing, Chinese politician and third wife of Mao Zedong (d. 3)
1919 – Larned B. Asprey, American chemist (d. 2005)
1924 – Abdullah Gegic, Yugoslav origin Turkish football player and coach (d. 2008)
1925 – Julio Canessa, Chilean soldier and politician (d. 2015)
1931 – Emma Andijewska, Ukrainian-born American poet, writer, and painter
1933 – Philip Roth, American writer
1936 – Güner Sümer, Turkish theater and film actor (d. 1977)
1936 – Ursula Andress, Swiss-born American actress
1938 – Dinçer Sümer, Turkish theater writer, director, actor and voice actor (d. 2019)
1947 – Glenn Close, American film and theater actor
1955 – Bruce Willis, American actor
1955 – Pino Daniele, Italian singer, guitarist and songwriter (d. 2015)
1956 – Yegor Gaydar, Russian politician and businessman (d. 2009)
1957 – Abdulkadir Mesduva, Algerian bureaucrat
1959 – Ralph David Abernathy III, American politician and businessman (d. 2016)
1963 – Neil LaBute, American playwright and independent film director
1963 – Mary Scheer, American actress
1964 – Mesut Bakkal, Turkish coach
1971 – Faruk Beşok, Turkish basketball player
1973 – Tolga Tekin, Turkish actor
1976 - Andre Miller, American professional basketball player
1976 – Alessandro Nesta, Italian football player
1978 – Lenka, Australian singer
1979 – Hidayet Türkoğlu, Turkish basketball player
1979 – Lara, Turkish singer
1979 – Christos Paçacoglu, Greek national football player
1979 – Rıza Kocaoğlu, Turkish cinema and TV series actor
1981 – Burcu Çetinkaya, Turkish rally driver
1981 – Kolo Touré, Ivory Coast football player
1982 – Brad Jones, Australian Footballer
1982 – Eduardo Saverin, Brazilian-American entrepreneur
1983 - Evan Bourne, American professional wrestler
1985 – Christine Guldbrandsen, Norwegian musician
1985 – Yolanthe Cabau, Spanish-Dutch actress and television presenter
1987 – Miloš Teodosić, Serbian national professional basketball player
1991 – Alexander Kokorin, Russian national football player
1993 – Hakim Ziyech, Dutch football player

Deaths

953 – Mansur, caliph of the Fatimid State between 18 May 946 – 19 March 953 (b. 915)
1238 – Henryk I, High Duke of Poland (1232–1238) (b. 1165)
1279 – Bing, 18th and last emperor of China's Song Dynasty (b. 1272)
1406 – Ibn Khaldun, Tunisian philosopher and historian (b. 1332)
1534 – Ayşe Hafsa Sultan, first Valide Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1479)
1698 – Władysław Konstanty, King of Poland IV. illegitimate son of Władysław Waza (b. 1635)
1721 – XI. Clemens, Pope (b. 1649)
1790 – Algerian Hasan Pasha, Ottoman statesman and Grand Vizier (b. 1713)
1800 – Joseph de Guignes, French orientalist, sinologist, and Turkologist (b. 1721)
1865 – Joseph Lebeau, Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1794)
1884 – Elias Lönnrot, Finnish physicist, philologist, and poet (b. 1802)
1897 – Antoine Thomson d'Abbadie, French traveler (b. 1810)
1897 – Andrey Dostoyevsky, Russian architect, engineer, memo, mechanic (b. 1825)
1916 – Vasily Surikov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
1928 – Emil Wiechert, German geophysicist (b. 1861)
1930 – Arthur Balfour, English politician (b. 1848)
1940 – Besim Ömer Akalın, Turkish medical professor, scientist, non-governmental organizer and deputy (b. 1862)
1943 – Frank Nitti, Italian mafia leader (b. 1886)
1950 – Edgar Rice Burroughs, American author (who wrote "Tarzan") (b. 1875)
1950 – Norman Haworth, English chemist (b. 1883)
1955 – Leonid Govorov, member of the Supreme Soviet and Deputy Minister of Defense (b. 1897)
1955 – Mihály Károlyi, first president of Hungary (b. 1875)
1965 – Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Romanian politician (b. 1901)
1968 – Celil Kiyekbayev, Soviet Bashkir scientist, Turkologist and philologist (b. 1911)
1980 – Bedrettin Tuncel, Turkish academic, translator, writer and politician (b. 1910)
1982 – Randy Rhoads, American musician (b. 1956)
1987 – Louis de Broglie, French physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1892)
1996 – Virginia Henderson, American nurse (b. 1897)
1997 – Eugène Guillevic, French poet (b. 1907)
1997 – Willem de Kooning, abstract expressionist painter born in Rotterdam, Netherlands (b. 1904)
1998 – Hanzade Sultan, grandson of the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Vahdettin, and the last Caliph Abdülmecit Efendi (b. 1923)
1999 – Tofilau Eti Alesana, Samoan politician (b. 1924)
2003 – Suna Korad, Turkish opera singer (b. 1935)
2004 – Haldun Derin, Turkish bureaucrat (who served as the chief of staff of Atatürk, İsmet İnönü and Celal Bayar) (b. 1912)
2005 – John DeLorean, American engineer and founder of DeLorean Motor Company (b. 1925)
2008 – Hugo Claus, Flemish novelist, poet, playwright, painter and film director (b. 1929)
2008 – Sir Arthur C. Clarke, English science fiction writer and inventor (b. 1917)
2008 – Paul Scofield, English actor (b. 1922)
2010 – Bülent Düzgit, Turkish cartoonist (b. 1947)
2015 – Margarete Bagshaw, an American artist (b. 1964)
2016 – Roger Agnelli, Brazilian banker, corporate executive, and businessman (b. 1959)
2016 – Jose Artetxe, Spanish former football player (b. 1930)
2016 – Jack Mansell, English football player and manager (b. 1927)
2017 – Jimmy Breslin, American journalist and author (b. 1928)
2017 – Li Li Hua, Chinese-Hong-Kong actor (b. 1924)
2018 – Linda Bement, American model (b. 1941)
2018 – Hasan Celal Güzel, Turkish politician and bureaucrat (b. 1945)
2018 – Luo Fu (author), Taiwanese writer and novelist (b. 1928)
2019 – Boris Dubrovin, Russian mathematician (b. 1950)
2019 – Chuck Harmon, American former professional baseball player (b. 1924)
2019 – Marlen Khutsiyev, Georgian-born Russian film director and screenwriter (b. 1925)
2019 – Ümit Yesin, Turkish actor (b. 1954)
2020 – Innocenzo Donina, former Italian football player (b. 1950)
2020 – Hamid Kahram, Iranian politician and veterinarian (b. 1958)
2020 – Hans Knudsen, Danish sprint kayaker (b. 1944)
2020 – Aurlus Mabélé, Congolese singer and composer (b. 1953)
2020 – Antonio Michele Stanca, Italian geneticist (b. 1942)
2021 – Jordi Cornet, Spanish politician and businessman (b. 1965)
2021 – Cristian Cuturrufo, Chilean jazz trumpeter (b. 1972)
2021 – Irmão Lázaro, Brazilian gospel singer and politician (b. 1966)
2022 – Lyell Cresswell, New Zealand composer (b. 1944)
2022 – Joel Hasse Ferreira, Portuguese politician (b. 1944)
2022 – Alan Hopwood, Australian actor, producer, screenwriter, broadcaster, playwright and educator (b. 1934)
2022 – Marian Zembala, Polish heart surgeon, professor of medicine (b. 1950)