Today in History: The Lumiere Brothers Invent the Cinema Machine

February 1 is the 32nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 333 days left until the end of the year (334 in leap years).

Events

• 1411 – The First Thorn Peace treaty is signed in the city of Toruń, ending the war between the allied Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights.
• 1553 – The Treaty of Constantinople was signed between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of France.
• 1662 - Chinese general Koxinga captures the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege.
• 1793 - France declared war on England and the Netherlands.
• 1814 – Mayon volcano in the Philippines erupts lava; About 1200 people died.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Texas secedes from the United States.
• 1884 – The first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
• 1887 – Harvey Henderson Wilcox and his wife, a real estate agent in the USA, registered their farm called Hollywood at the land registry office. on land west of Los Angeles; They brought telephone, electricity, gas and water. The American movie industry was born here.
• 1895 - The Lumiere Brothers invented the motion picture machine.
• 1896 – by Giacomo Puccini La bohème The opera was first staged in Turin, Italy.
• 1913 – Grand Central Terminal opens in New York: The world's largest train station.
• 1915 – The 20th Century Fox film company is founded.
• 1918 – Russia switched to the Gregorian calendar.
• 1919 - Pearl The monthly women's magazine called Istanbul began to be published. Its owner was Sedat Simavi.
• 1923 – Inflation rises in Germany; It reached a value of 1 pound 220 thousand marks.
• 1924 – The United Kingdom officially recognized the USSR.
• 1924 – Published by Zekeriya Sertel Illustrated Moon started its broadcasting life.
• 1926 – Gazi Station was opened in Ankara.
• 1930 – Kayseri-Şarkışla Railway was put into operation.
• 1933 – A group of people in Bursa who found it wrong to read the call to prayer and the iqama in Turkish, took the people who came out of the prayer in Ulucami with them and demonstrated in front of the Governor's Office.
• 1933 – As the publication organ of the People's Houses in order to adopt the principles of the Republic and to create a cultural movement in the same direction. Ideal magazine began to be published.
• 1935 – Hagia Sophia was opened to the public as a museum.
• 1944 – Bolu-Gerede earthquake: 4611 people died in the earthquakes in Gerede, Bolu and Çankırı.
• 1957 – The first working prototype Wankel engine, invented by German engineer Felix Wankel, was put into operation for the first time at the German NSU research and development center.
• 1958 - Egypt and Syria merged to form the United Arab Republic. This situation lasted only until 1961.
• 1963 – As a result of the collision of two planes over Ankara and crashing into Ulus district, 80 people lost their lives.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: Nguyen Van Lem of the Vietcong is shot dead by the South Vietnamese national police chief, Nguyễn Ngọc Loan. The moment of execution was recorded both as a video and as a photograph.
• 1974 – There was an earthquake at 02:04 in the morning in İzmir, 2 people died in the earthquake that also destroyed the top of the historical Clock Tower.
• 1974 – A 25-storey business fire broke out in São Paulo (Brazil): 189 people were killed and 293 injured.
• 1978 - Film director Roman Polanski burned his bail and fled the United States to France. A lawsuit was filed against him for having sexual intercourse with a 13-year-old girl.
• 1979 – Millions of Iranians greeted Khomeini on his return to Tehran from 14 years of exile in Paris.
• 1979 – The Process Leading to the 12 September 1980 Coup in Turkey (1979 - 12 September 1980): Abdi İpekçi, Editor-in-Chief of the daily Milliyet, was assassinated. The murderer Mehmet Ali Ağca, who was caught on 25 June, was sentenced to death in 1980.
• 1980 – People reacting to the price hikes in Istanbul got on the ferry without buying a ticket.
• 1989 – National football player Tanju Çolak received the "Golden Shoe" award at the ceremony held in Monte Carlo.
• 1990 – Yugoslav army entered Kosovo.
• 1992 – An avalanche fell on the Gendarmerie Division Command in Görç village of Şırnak; 76 people, 81 of whom were soldiers, died. 32 privates died as a result of avalanche in Tünekpınar village Gendarmerie Station in Siirt's Eruh district.
• 1993 – The Ministry of Interior sent a circular to the Governorships, which envisages the closure of private radio and television companies broadcasting domestically. Private radios asked their listeners to send telegrams and faxes protesting the circular to Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel.
• 1997 – In order to protest the dark relations that emerged with the Susurluk accident and to announce the longing for "clean society, clean politics", the "1 Minute of Darkness for Permanent Light" action was launched.
• 2000 – In the United States, Illinois State Governor George Ryan stopped the executions of death sentences. Realizing that 20 death row inmates were innocent in 13 years, this decision was made by the Governor.
• 2001 - Homeland First newspaper began publication.
• 2003 - Columbia The space shuttle disintegrated over Texas on its return to Earth: the seven astronauts on the shuttle died.
• 2004 - 289 pilgrims died in a stampede during Hajj in Saudi Arabia.
• 2005 - Canada becomes the 4th country to legalize same-sex marriage.
• 2005 - The New Anatolian newspaper began publication.
• 2005 – King Gyanendra staged a coup in Nepal.^[1]
• 2006 – Danish newspaper Jylls-Posten'5 months after the publication of the cartoons that disturbed the Islamic world, many newspapers in Europe published the same cartoons. Protests against Denmark spread. (On February 4, the Danish and Norwegian Embassies in Damascus were set on fire. On February 7, Norwegian troops in Afghanistan were attacked, and on February 10, Denmark closed its Embassies in several Muslim countries.)
• 2012 – The 30-year-old Dev-Yol case was dropped. The 9th Penal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Appeals decided that the main trial of Dev-Yol, which started with 1 defendants on October 574, 18, at the Ankara No. 1982 Martial Law Court, be dropped from the statute of limitations for all defendants.
• 2012 – In the events that broke out after the match between Egypt's famous team El Ehli and Port Said's El Masri, 74 people were killed and more than a thousand people were injured, 200 of them seriously.
• 2013 – There was an explosion at the US Embassy in Ankara, two people died.
• 2021 – Military coup carried out by Min Aung Hlaing in Myanmar.

Births

• 1459 – Conrad Celtes, German scholar (d. 1508)
• 1462 – Johannes Trithemius, German scientist (d. 1516)
• 1550 – John Napier, Scottish mathematician and inventor of logarithm (d. 1617)
• 1552 – Edward Coke, English lawyer and politician (d. 1634)
• 1750 – Andreas Bernardus de Quertenmont, a Flemish painter, copyist, engraver, and engraver
• 1761 – Christiaan Hendrik Persoon, South African scientist (d. 1836)
• 1780 – David Porter, American admiral (d. 1843)
• 1796 – Abraham Emanuel Fröhlich, Swedish poet (d. 1865)
• 1801 – Émile Littré, French physician, philosopher, linguist, and politician (d. 1881)
• 1804 – Handrij Zejler, Sorbian writer (d. 1872)
• 1825 – Francis James Child, American scientist, educator, and folklorist (d. 1896)
• 1861 – Robert Sterling Yard, American journalist and author (d. 1945)
• 1868 – Ovannes Kaçaznuni, Armenian politician and first Prime Minister of Armenia (d. 1938)
• 1872 – Jerome F. Donovan, American politician (d. 1949)
• 1874 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian writer (d. 1929)
• 1878 Milan Hodža, Slovak politician (d. 1944)
• 1878 – Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer and architect (d. 1955)
• 1878 – Hattie Wyatt Caraway, American politician (d. 1950)
• 1878 – Charles Tate Regan, Fellow of the Royal Society of Great Britain and ichthyologist (d. 1942)
• 1882 - Louis St. Laurent, 12th Prime Minister of Canada
• 1884 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian writer (d. 1937)
• 1885 – Camille Chautemps, French politician (d. 1963)
• 1887 – Charles Nordhoff, English writer (d. 1947)
• 1889 – John Lewis, English Marxist philosopher (d. 1976)
• 1894 – James P. Johnson, American composer (d. 1955)
• 1894 – John Ford, American director and producer (d. 1973)
• 1894 – Kerim Erim, Turkish ordinary mathematician (d. 1952)
• 1895 – Conn Smythe, Canadian architect (d. 1980)
• 1898 – Richard Loudon McCreery, British soldier (d. 1967)
• 1901 Clark Gable, American actor (d. 1960)
• 1902 – Langston Hughes, American author (d. 1967)
• 1905 – Emilio Gino Segrè, Italian physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 1989)
• 1906 Hildegarde, American actress and singer (d. 2005)
• 1908 – George Pal, Hungarian director and producer (d. 1980)
• 1909 George Beverly Shea, Canadian singer (d. 2013)
• 1910 – Sabire Aydemir, Turkish veterinarian (d. 1991)
• 1914 – Jale Inan, Turkish archaeologist (d. 2001)
• 1915 – Stanley Matthews, English football player (d. 2000)
• 1915 – Alicia Rhett, American actress and painter (d. 2014)
• 1918 – Muriel Spark, Scottish writer (d. 2006)
• 1922 – Renata Tebaldi, Italian soprano (d. 2004)
• 1924 – H. Richard Hornberger, American author (d. 1997)
• 1928 – Muzaffer Buyrukçu, Turkish writer (d. 2006)
• 1928 – Stuart Whitman, American actor (d. 2020)
• 1930 – Shahabuddin Ahmed, Prime Minister of Bangladesh
• 1931 – Boris Yeltsin, Russian statesman (d. 2007)
• 1932 – Yılmaz Atadeniz, Turkish director, screenwriter and producer
• 1933 – Wendell Anderson, American bureaucrat (d. 2016)
• 1934 – Berke Vardar, Turkish linguist (d. 1989)
• 1936 – Tuncel Kurtiz, Turkish cinema, theater and voice actor (d. 2013)
• 1939 – Claude François, French pop singer and songwriter (d. 1978)
• 1942 – Bibi Besch, American actress (d. 1996)
• 1942 – Vural Öger, Turkish-German politician and businessman
• 1949 – Vedat Ahsen Coşar, Turkish lawyer
• 1950 – Ali Haydar Konca, Turkish politician
• 1950 – Erol Togay, Turkish football player (d. 2012)
• 1950 – Mustafa Kaplakaslan, Turkish football player
• 1952 – Engin Ardic, Turkish journalist
• 1952 – Ferit Mevlüt Aslanoğlu, Turkish politician (d. 2014)
• 1957 – Derya Baykal, Turkish actress
• 1964 – Andreas Herder, German actor
• 1965 – Brandon Lee, Chinese-American actor (d. 1993)
• 1965 – Jarozlaw Araskiewicz, Polish football player
• 1966 – Michelle Akers, former American women's international football player
• 1967 – Azer Bülbül, Turkish arabesque and fantasy music artist (d. 2012)
• 1968 – Lisa Marie Presley, American rock singer (daughter of Elvis Presley) (d. 2023)
• 1969 – Gabriel Batistuta, Argentine football player
• 1970 – Asuman Dabak, Turkish theater, cinema, TV series actor and voice actor
• 1970 – Malik Sealy, American basketball (NBA) player (d. 2000)
• 1971 – Michael C. Hall, American actor
• 1977 – Sergio Aragoneses, former Spanish football player
• 1980 – Florin Bratu, Romanian football player
• 1980 – Kenan Hasagić, Bosnian football player
• 1980 – Liasos Luka, Greek Cypriot football player
• 1981 – Gustaf Norén, Swedish musician and guitarist of the band Mando Diao
• 1982 – Michael Fink, German football player
• 1984 – Darren Fletcher, Scottish footballer
• 1985 - Mason Moore, American porn star
• 1994 – Harry Styles, English singer-songwriter and member of One Direction
• 1997 – Park Ji-hyo, South Korean singer
• 2002 – Aleyna Özkan, Turkish swimmer

Deaths

• 1222 – Alexios I, first emperor of the Trebizond Empire from 1204 to 1222 (b. 1182)
• 1290 – Muziddin Keykubad, ruler of the Delhi Sultanate (b. 1269)
• 1328 – IV. Charles, King of France (b. 1294)
• 1522 – Girolamo Aleandro, Italian scholar, humanist, Cardinal (b. 1480)
• 1691 – VIII. Alexander, Pope (b. 1650)
• 1705 – Sophie Charlotte, Duchess of Braunschweig and Lüneburg (b. 1668)
• 1733 – II. August, king of Poland (b. 1670)
• 1818 – Giuseppe Gazzaniga, Italian opera composer (b. 1743)
• 1851 – Mary Shelley, English writer (b. 1797)
• 1873 – Matthew Fontaine Maury, American astronomer, naval officer, historian, oceanographer, meteorologist, cartographer, geologist, and educator (b. 1806)
• 1882 – Antoine Bussy, French chemist (b. 1794)
• 1903 – George Gabriel Stokes, French physicist (b. 1819)
• 1905 – Oswald Achenbach, German nature painter (b. 1827)
• 1916 – Yusuf Izzeddin Efendi, Ottoman prince (b. 1857)
• 1922 – ‎William Desmond Taylor‎‎, American actor and director‎ (b. 1872)
• 1944 – Piet Mondrian, Dutch painter (b. 1872)
• 1945 – Bogdan Filov, Bulgarian archaeologist, art historian and politician (b. 1883)
• 1966 – Buster Keaton, American actor (b. 1895)
• 1976 – Werner Heisenberg, German physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1901)
• 1979 – Abdi İpekçi, Turkish journalist and writer (assassinated) (b. 1929)
• 1979 – Niyazi Akıncıoğlu, Turkish poet (b. 1919)
• 1981 – Ayşe Saffet Alpar, Turkish chemist and Turkey's first female rector (b. 1903)
• 1988 – Heather O'Rourke, American actress (b. 1975)
• 1999 – Barış Manço, Turkish musician (b. 1943)
• 2002 – Hildegard Knef, German actress, singer and writer (b. 1925)
• 2002 – Aykut Barka, Turkish geologist (b. 1951)
• 2002 – Daniel Pearl, American journalist (b. 1963)
• 2003 – Kalpana Chawla, Indian-American astronaut (b. 1962)
• 2003 – Ilan Ramon, fighter pilot of the Israeli Air Force, the first astronaut sent into space by the State of Israel (b. 1954)
• 2003 – Rick Husband, American astronaut (b. 1957)
• 2003 – Michael P. Anderson, US Air Force officer and NASA astronaut (b. 1959)
• 2003 – Muzaffer Akdoğanlı, Turkish politician (b. 1922)
• 2004 – Ewald Cebula, Polish former football player (b. 1917)
• 2004 – Süha Arın, Turkish documentary filmmaker (b. 1942)
• 2005 – John Vernon, Canadian actor (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-American composer (b. 1911)
• 2010 – Steingrímur Hermannsson, Icelandic politician (b. 1928)
• 2010 – Justin Mentell, American actor and model (b. 1982)
• 2011 – Knut Risan, famous Norwegian actor (b. 1930)
• 2011 – Galip Boransu, Turkish pianist, keyboard, vocal (b. 1950)
• 2012 – Wislawa Szymborska, Polish poet (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Angelo Dundee, American boxing trainer (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Don Cornelius, American TV host, writer, and producer (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Ed Koch, American politician (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Robin Sachs, British film and TV actor (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Luis Aragonés, Spanish football player and manager (b. 1938)
• 2014 – Maximilian Schell, Austrian actor, director and winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Vasily Petrov, one of the commanders of the Red Army and Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Tony Hateley, English football player (b. 1941)
• 2015 – Udo Lattek, German coach and former football player (b. 1935)
• 2015 – Aldo Ciccolini, Italian-French pianist (b. 1925)
• 2015 – Monty Oum, American web-based animator and author (b. 1981)
• 2016 – Ali Beratlıgil, Turkish football player and coach (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Paul Pholeros, Australian architect (b. 1953)
• 2016 – Filiz Bingölçe, Turkish Journalist, writer, lexicographer, publisher and documentary film director (b. 1965)
• 2017 – Étienne Tshisekedi, Democratic Congolese politician (b. 1932)
• 2017 – Cor van der Hoeven, former Dutch national football player (b. 1921)
• 2017 – Stig Grybe, Swedish actor and comedian (b. 1928)
• 2017 – Lars-Erik Berenett, Swedish actor (b. 1942)
• 2017 – Desmond Carrington, British actor, radio broadcaster and presenter (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Sandy Gandhi, Australian comedian and columnist (b. 1958)
• 2018 – Fidel Castro Díaz-Balart, Cuban nuclear physicist and government official (b. 1949)
• 2018 – Dennis Edwards, American black soul and blues singer (b. 1943)
• 2018 – Édouard Ferrand, French politician (b. 1965)
• 2018 – Su Bai, Chinese archaeologist (b. 1922)
• 2018 – Omar Aggad, Saudi Arabian philanthropist and businessman of Palestinian descent (b. 1927)
• 2019 – Clive Swift, English actor, comedian, and songwriter (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Jeremy Hardy, English comedian and actor (b. 1961)
• 2019 – Ursula Karusseit, German actress (b. 1939)
• 2019 – Lisa Seagram, American actress (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Les Thornton, English professional wrestler (b. 1934)
• 2019 – Conway Berners-Lee, English mathematician and computer engineer (b. 1921)
• 2019 – Fazli Kashmir, Turkish ambassador (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Andy Gill, English post-punk guitarist and record producer (b. 1956)
• 2020 – Péter Andorai, Hungarian actor (b. 1948)
• 2020 – Leons Briedis, Latvian poet, novelist, essayist, literary critic and publisher (b. 1949)
• 2020 – Lev Mayorov, Azerbaijani professional football player and manager (b. 1969)
• 2020 – Lila Garrett, American radio host and screenwriter (b. 1925)
• 2020 – Ömer Dönmez, Turkish actor (b. 1959)
• 2021 – Soraya Abdullah, Indonesian actress (b. 1978)
• 2021 – Dustin Diamond, American actor, director, musician, and comedian (b. 1977)
• 2021 – Jean-Pierre Jossua, Dominican Priest, French writer, educator, and Catholic theologian (b. 1930)
• 2021 – Abd al-Sattar Qasim, Palestinian writer (b. 1948)
• 2021 – Viktor Koval, Soviet-Russian writer, poet, artist and actor (b. 1947)
• 2021 – Temur Tsiklauri, Georgian pop singer, actor (b. 1946)
• 2021 – Cynthia Turner, was a Maltese pianist (b. 1932)
• 2022 – Lütfullah Safi Gülpayegani, Iranian Shiite authority (b. 1919)
• 2022 – Paolo Graziosi, Italian actor (b. 1940)
• 2022 – Shintarō Ishihara, Japanese politician and author (b. 1932)
• 2022 – Tito Stagno, Italian news anchor and journalist (b. 1930)
• 2022 – Maurizio Zamparini, Italian businessman and sports executive (b. 1941)

Holidays and special occasions

• Storm: Anchovy Storm