Today in History: METU Closed Indefinitely by the Decision of the Academic Council

January 20 is the 20nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 345 days left until the end of the year (346 in leap years).

Railways

• January 20 1943 Railway Conference held in Cairo Turkey also participated.
• 20 1954 killed 18 people in the train crash that occurred in Pozanti.

Events

• 1265 - The first English parliament meets.
• 1815 - Napoleon entered Paris with an army of 140.000 and a contingent of 200.000 volunteers.
• 1841 - Hong Kong Island (an island south of Hong Kong) was given to the United Kingdom during the Opium Wars.
• 1861 – The Argentine city of Mendoza is devastated by a severe earthquake.
• 1892 – The first official basketball game is played in Springfield, Massachusetts.
• 1895 – Hospice was established.
• 1915 – Mustafa Kemal was appointed to the 3th Division Command to be formed in Tekirdağ under the 19rd Corps under the command of Esat (Bülkat) Pasha.
• 1916 - Albert Einstein published his theory of relativity.
• 1918 – The Midilli Cruiser struck a mine off the coast of Gökçeada and sank. At the beginning of the First World War, on 11 August 1914, the German ships Goeben and Breslau, followed by the British fleet, passed through the Dardanelles, and the first was called "Yavuz" and the second was called "Midilli".
• 1920 – Maraş Defense started against the French in Maraş.
• 1921 – After the formation of the Turkish Grand National Assembly, the first 23-article Constitution, Organization Fundamentals accepted.
• 1921 – Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic; It was established under the Soviet Union.
• 1923 – The Grand National Assembly of Turkey, in its secret session, decided to establish an Independence Court in the Elcezire region.
• 1923 – İsmet Pasha presents a list of 26 cities in Lausanne that were burned by the Greeks.
• 1936 – Industry Congress convened in Ankara. The principles of the Second Five-Year Industry Plan were accepted at the meeting.
• 1936 – The law was passed that the cinemas had to show an "instructional film" along with the main film.
• 1936 – VIII. Edward became the Sovereign of the United Kingdom. He will leave the throne voluntarily on December 10, 1936, before completing a year.
• 1942 - Military service period increased to three years.
• 1945 – A pilot's badge was given to 50 Turkish students who completed their education in the United Kingdom.
• 1947 – In France, Charles de Gaulle announces his retirement from politics and resigns from his post.
• 1950 - It was decided to release the rents.
• 1952 – The Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of Turkey announced that 34 officers, 46 non-commissioned officers and 1252 privates died in Korea.
• 1953 - General Eisenhower is inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States.
• 1956 – Yaşar Kemal with his novel “İnce Memed” Presence Magazine won the Novel Award.
• 1961 – At the London Conference, Greek Cypriots rejected the "federal administration" thesis. Thereupon, representatives of the Turkish Cypriot community withdrew from the conference.
• 1961 – Saraçhane Theater was opened. The first game was Cevat Fehmi Başkut's "Hacıyatmaz".
• 1961 - John F. Kennedy is inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States.
• 1963 – Severe cold on January 21-25 affected all parts of Turkey. Electricity and water were cut off, trains remained on the roads. The snow thickness in Uludağ is 25 meters.
• 1967 – İsmail Akçay placed second in the International Las Vegas Marathon, time: 2 hours, 23 minutes, 3 seconds.
• 1968 – Turkey became the first country to recognize the military regime in Greece.
• 1969 - John Lennon married Yoko Ono.
• 1971 – Middle East Technical University (METU) was closed indefinitely by the decision of the Academic Council.
• 1973 – A lawsuit was filed against Cemal Madanoğlu, a former member of the National Unity Committee, and 31 people, alleging "to amend the Constitution and establish a secret organization to destroy the Turkish Grand National Assembly". Doğan Avcıoğlu, İlhan Selçuk and İlhami Soysal are among those who have been sued.
• 1975 – All Civil Servants Unification and Solidarity Association ( Tüm-Der) was established.
• 1975 – The ASALA organization was founded.
• 1981 – Uğur Mumcu evaluated Kenan Evren's speech in Kahramanmaraş: “It has been extremely useful for the President of the Republic, Gen. Kenan Evren, to touch upon the issues of sectarian separation in Kahramanmaraş and to emphasize the consequences that this discrimination has created and will create.”
• 1981 – The Istanbul Martial Law Court decided to arrest 223 members of the Revolutionary Workers Union Confederation.
• 1981 - Iran announced the release of 444 Americans held hostage for 52 days. The news came minutes after Ronald Reagan took over the Presidency of the United States from Jimmy Carter.
• 1986 – The "unity on the left" talks between the Democratic Left Party and the Social Democratic Populist Party were interrupted. "We parted ways with the Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP)," said Rahşan Ecevit, Chairman of the Democratic Left Party.
• 1986 – The United Kingdom and France announce plans for the Channel Tunnel.
• 1988 – Up to fifteen years in prison were requested for Mehmet Ali Aybar and Aziz Nesin. The justification was the statements they made to 2000'e Doğru magazine on the Kurdish issue.
• 1989 - George HW Bush is inaugurated as the 41st President of the United States.
• 1989 – Samsunspor team had an accident on their way to the league match with Malatyaspor, 5 people died.
• 1990 – Black January: 143 people were killed in the massacre by the Soviet Union Army in Baku.
• 1992 – Flash TV started broadcasting.
• 1993 – The Constitutional Court annulled the law prohibiting the publication of newspapers on religious holidays except Bayram.
• 1993 – The Assembly decided to present the two ministers of the Motherland Party (ANAP) period, Safa Giray and Cengiz Altınkaya, to the Supreme Court.
• 1993 - Bill Clinton is inaugurated as the 42nd President of the United States.
• 1995 – Sarin gas attack on Tokyo subway: 12 people were killed and 1300 injured.
• 1995 – Uğur Kılıç, daughter of the famous name of the underground world Dündar Kılıç and ex-wife of Alaattin Çakıcı, was killed in Uludağ. Uğur Kılıç accused the Özal family of the statements he made in the Engin Civan trial. Abdurrahman Keskin, who killed Kılıç, was caught and said that he received 50 million liras from Alaattin Çakıcı for killing Uğur Kılıç.
• 1996 – Presidential elections were held for the first time in Palestine. Yasser Arafat was elected President.
• 1997 – Turkish Industrialists' and Businessmen's Association (TUSIAD) presented the "democratic standards raising package" to the Presidency of the Turkish Grand National Assembly and the Chief of General Staff. TÜSİAD also recommended the liberalization of education in Kurdish in the report.
• 2000 – The Court of Cassation upheld the sentences of 7 of the 6 police officers who were sentenced to 5 years and XNUMX months of heavy imprisonment for killing journalist Metin Göktepe in custody, and quashed the sentence of Chief of Police Seydi Battal Köse.
• 2001 – George W. Bush is inaugurated as the 43rd President of the United States.
• In 2002 – Trabzonspor – Beşiktaş match, after Beşiktaş's 5-0 victory, fights broke out at Hüseyin Avni Aker Stadium, injuries occurred, and the tribune seats were disassembled and burned by Trabzonspor fans. After the match, material and moral damage occurred in Hüseyin Avni Aker Stadium.
• 2003 – MERNIS was put into service.
• 2006 – The 1st Penal Chamber of the Court of Cassation reversed the decision of the Kartal 2nd High Criminal Court regarding the release of Mehmet Ali Ağca. Ağca was taken from his place in Kartal in line with the decision of the Supreme Court and put in Kartal H Type Prison.
• 2007 – The suspect of the murder of Hrant Dink, Ogün Samast, was caught in Samsun.
• 2009 - Barack Obama is inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States.
• 2017 – Donald Trump is inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States.
• 2021 – Joe Biden is inaugurated as the 46th President of the United States.

Births

• 225 – III. Gordianus, Roman Emperor. grandson of Gordianus I (d. 244)
• 1029 – Alp Arslan, 2nd Sultan of the Great Seljuk State (d. 1072)
• 1554 – Sebastião I, King of Portugal (d. 1578)
• 1663 – Luca Carlevarijs, Italian painter and engraver (d. 1730)
• 1716 – III. Carlos, King of Spain (d. 1788)
• 1757 – Sebastiano Giuseppe Danna, Italian general (d. 1811)
• 1758 – Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier, French chemist and nobleman (d. 1836)
• 1760 – Ferdinand Bauer, Austrian botanical painter (d. 1826)
• 1775 – André-Marie Ampère, French physicist (d. 1836)
• 1803 George Merriam, American publisher (d. 1880)
• 1804 – Eugène Sue, French writer (d. 1857)
• 1805 – Henry B. Metcalfe, American politician and Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (d. 1881)
• 1806 – Nathaniel Parker Willis, American author and poet (d. 1867)
• 1812 – Édouard Séguin, French-American psychiatrist (d. 1880)
• 1848 – Alexandre Kazbegi, Georgian novelist and playwright, poet, translator, and theater actor (d. 1893)
• 1856 – Harriot Eaton Stanton Blatch, American author (d. 1940)
• 1866 – Euclid da Cunha, Brazilian writer and sociologist (d. 1909)
• 1869 – Nikola Mandić, Prime Minister of the Independent State of Croatia (d. 1945)
• 1870 – Guillaume Lekeu, Belgian composer (d. 1894)
• 1873 – Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, Danish author, poet, and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950)
• 1874 – Steve Bloomer, English football player (d. 1938)
• 1875 – Henrik Sjöberg, Swedish athlete and gymnast (d. 1905)
• 1877 – Raymond Roussel, French poet, novelist, playwright, and musician (d. 1933)
• 1877 – Carl Hans Lody, spy in the German Navy (d. 1914)
• 1878 – Finlay Currie, Scottish film actor (d. 1968)
• 1879 – CH Douglas, English engineer (d. 1952)
• 1883 – Enoch L. Johnson, American political boss, sheriff, businessman, and racketeer (d. 1968)
• 1884 – A. Merritt, editor of the American Sunday magazine and writer of fantasy (d. 1943)
• 1889 – Lev Karahan, Armenian revolutionary and Soviet diplomat (d. 1937)
• 1889 – Allan Lockheed, American aircraft designer (d. 1969)
• 1896 – George Burns, American actor and singer (d. 1996)
• 1906 – Aristotle Onassis, Greek ship owner (d. 1975)
• 1912 – Hulusi Kentmen, Turkish theater and film actress (d. 1993)
• 1919 – Silva Gabudikyan, Armenian poet (d. 2006)
• 1920 – Federico Fellini, Italian film director (d. 1993)
• 1920 – İbrahim Minnetoğlu, Turkish poet, journalist and columnist (d. 1993)
• 1924 – Tekin Akmansoy, Turkish theater and cinema artist (d. 2013)
• 1925 – Ernesto Cardenal, Nicaraguan priest and poet
• 1927 – Orhan Elmas, Turkish actor and director (d. 2002)
• 1930 - Edwin Aldrin, American astronaut
• 1931 – David Lee, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics
• 1933 – Gérard Hernandez, Spanish-French actor and voice actor
• 1935 – Güven Sazak, Turkish businessman and sports manager (d. 2011)
• 1939 – Feyzi Tuna, Turkish cinema director, screenwriter and actress
• 1945 – Christopher Martin-Jenkins, English journalist, author and presenter (d. 2013)
• 1946 – David Lynch, American director and painter
• 1952 – Hurşid Devran, Uzbek poet, writer, historian and statesman
• 1952 - Paul Stanley, American musician and vocalist
• 1953 – Alaattin Çakıcı, leader of the Turkish organized crime organization
• 1953 – Honorary Kasırga, Turkish bureaucrat
• 1953 – Sophie Huet, French female journalist (d. 2017)
• 1954 – Serdar Gucyener, former Turkish football player and coach
• 1959 – RA Salvatore, American author
• 1964 – Željko Komšić, Bosnian politician
• 1966 - Rainn Wilson, American actress
• 1972 – Nikki Haley, American diplomat, bureaucrat, and politician
• 1973 – Mathilde, Queen of Belgium
• 1975 - Monique, American pornographic film actress
• 1976 – Conchita Martínez Granados, Spanish tennis player
• 1976 – Kirsty Gallacher, Scottish presenter
• 1979 - Choo Ja-hyun, a South Korean actress
• 1980
  • Karl Anderson, American professional wrestler
  • Felicitas Woll, German actress
• 1981 – Owen Hargreaves, English football player
• 1982 - Nikki Rhodes, American pornographic film actress
• 1987 – Marco Simoncelli, Italian motorcycle racer (d. 2011)
• 1988 – Jeffrén Suárez is a Venezuelan football player with Spanish citizenship.
• 1993 – Lorenzo Crisetig, Italian football player
• 1994 – Lucas Piazon, Brazilian football player
• 1995 – Joey Bada$$, American hip hop artist and actress
• 1995 - Calum Chambers is an English footballer.
• 2003 – Tayfun Mirzeyev, Azerbaijani motorcycle racer

Deaths

• 250 – Fabianus, bishop of Rome and pope (b. 200)
• 767 - Shafi'i, scholar of Islamic law. Founder of the Shafi'i school (b. 820)
• 842 – Theophilos, Byzantine emperor from 2 October 829 to 20 January 842 (b. 813)
• 882 – III. Ludwig, king of Germania (28 August 876-882) (b. 830/835)
• 1516 – Juan Díaz de Solís, Spanish explorer (b. 1470)
• 1612 – II. Rudolf, Holy Roman emperor (b. 1552)
• 1639 – Mustafa I, 15th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1591)
• 1745 – VII. Karl, Holy Roman emperor (b. 1697)
• 1779 – David Garrick, English actor, playwright, theater manager and producer (b. 1717)
• 1813 – Christoph Martin Wieland, German poet, translator (b. 1733)
• 1819 – IV. Carlos, King of Spain (b. 1748)
• 1848 – VIII. Christian, King of Denmark and Norway (b. 1786)
• 1850 – Lorenzo Bartolini, Italian sculptor (b. 1777)
• 1855 – Maria Adelaide, queen of Sardinia (b. 1822)
• 1867 – Nathaniel Parker Willis, American author and poet (b. 1806)
• 1875 – Jean-François Millet, French painter (b. 1814)
• 1891 – Kalakaua, king of Hawaii (b. 1836)
• 1900 – John Ruskin, English writer, poet, art and society critic (b. 1819)
• 1907 – Agnes Mary Clerke, Irish astronomer and author (b. 1842)
• 1921 – ‎Mary Watson Whitney‎‎, American astronomer and academic‎ (b. 1847)
• 1934 – Hüseyin Kazım Kadri, Turkish statesman and writer (who served as Governor and Minister in the last years of the Ottoman Empire) (b. 1870)
• 1936 – George V, Sovereign of the United Kingdom (b. 1865)
• 1938 – Émile Cohl, French illustrator and animator (b. 1857)
• 1944 – James McKeen Cattell, American scientist (b. 1860)
• 1949 – Burhan Cahit Morkaya, Turkish politician, journalist and writer (b. 1892)
• 1949 – George J. Mead, American aeronautical engineer (b. 1891)
• 1957 – James Brendan Connolly, American athlete (b. 1868)
• 1965 – Mehmet Rüştü Uzel, Turkish bureaucrat and educator (b. 1891)
• 1973 – Amilcar Cabral, African agronomist, author, Marxist, and patriotic politician (b. 1924)
• 1983 – Manuel Francisco dos Santos (Garrincha), Brazilian football player (b. 1933)
• 1984 – Johnny Weissmuller, American gold medalist swimmer and prominent Tarzan film actor (b. 1904)
• 1988 – Abdulgaffar Khan, Pashtun political leader (b. 1890)
• 1990 – Barbara Stanwyck, American actress (b. 1907)
• 1993 – Audrey Hepburn, American actress (b. 1929)
• 1994 – Matthew Busby, Scottish footballer, manager (b. 1909)
• 1994 – Bedia Muvahhit, Turkish theater and film actress and state artist (b. 1897)
• 2002 – Carrie Hamilton, American singer, actress, and writer (b. 1963)
• 2004 – Bedih Yoluk (Kazancı Bedih), Turkish gazelhan (b. 1929)
• 2005 – Sabri Demirbağ, Turkish soldier and Brigade Commander who took part in the Cyprus Operation (b. 1935)
• 2005 – Per Borten, Norwegian politician from the Center Party (b. 1913)
• 2012 – Etta James, American blues, soul, R&B, Rock&Roll, gospel and jazz singer (b. 1938)
• 2014 – Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor (b. 1933)
• 2015 – Edgar Froese, German musician (b. 1944)
• 2016 – Mykolas Burokevičius, He is a communist political leader in Lithuania (b. 1927)
• 2016 – Edmonde Charles-Roux, French journalist and author (b. 1920)
• 2017 – José Luis Astigarraga, Peruvian Catholic bishop of Lizarralde (b. 1940)
• 2017 – Klaus Huhn, German sports journalist and columnist (b. 1928)
• 2017 – John Watkiss, English illustrator and cartoonist (b. 1961)
• 2018 – Paul Bocuse, French food chef (b. 1926)
• 2018 – Graeme Langlands, Former Australian professional rugby league player (b. 1941)
• 2018 – Jim Rodford, English musician and singer (b. 1941)
• 2019 – Tibor Baranski, Hungarian-American educator and activist (b. 1922)
• 2019 – Paul Barrett, British record producer, actor, musician and writer (b. 1940)
• 2019 – Rosemarie Bowe, American actress (b. 1932)
• 2019 – Evloghios, German-born Italian Orthodox archbishop (b. 1935)
• 2019 – Andrew G. Vajna, Hungarian-American film director (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Hayrettin Karaca, Turkish industrialist and environmental activist, founder of TEMA foundation (b. 1922)
• 2020 – Jaroslav Kubera, Czech politician (b. 1947)
• 2020 – Joe Shishido, Japanese actor (b. 1933)
• 2021 – Mira Furlan, Croatian actress and singer (b. 1955)
• 2021 – Sibusiso Moyo, Zimbabwean politician and major general (b. 1960)
• 2022 – Meat Loaf, American singer, musician, and actor (b. 1947)
• 2022 – Camillo Milli, Italian theater, film and television actor (b. 1929)
• 2022 – Elza Soares, Brazilian samba singer (b. 1930)