Today in History: Iranian Shah Reza Pahlavi Leaves His Country and Goes to Egypt

January 10 is the 10th day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 355 days left until the end of the year (356 in leap years)

Railways

• 1863 - London Underground, the world's first subway Metropolitan The first line, called
• 1951 – Hasankale-Horasan railway was opened for transportation.

Events

• 1810 - Napoleon and Josephine's marriage ended.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Florida secedes from the United States.
• 1900 – World Champion Pehlivan Kara Ahmet received the title of “Champion of Champions” in Paris.
• 1919 - The defense of Medina ended. The Ottoman Garrison in Medina was the last combat force to lay down its arms. World War I has de facto ended.
• 1919 - The British occupied Baghdad.
• 1920 – The publication of the "Hâkimiyet-i Milliye" newspaper, as the publication organ of the Anatolian and Rumelian Defense of Rights Society, in Ankara.
• 1920 – The League of Nations is established. The United States did not join the League.
• 1921 – First Battle of İnönü; The Turkish Army under the command of Colonel İsmet Bey faced the Greek Army in İnönü. The Greek Army was defeated. After the victory, Colonel İsmet Bey was promoted to general on 1 March 1921; The international reputation of the GNAT government also rose rapidly.
• 1926 – The Delegation of Fesadiye case was concluded. In fact, there were three separate cases. İsmail Hakkı Bey, Commander of the Bolshevik Battalion of the Circassian Ethem's Kuvâ-yi Navigation; Miralay Osman, who killed his divorced wife; Kırşehir Deputy Rıza Bey was sentenced to death on the grounds that he started a rebellion movement in Ankara with the Kurdish revolt.
• 1927 – German film director Fritz Lang's movie Metropolis was released.
• 1929 – The cartoon book titled The Adventures of Tintin was published for the first time. It will be published in 40 different languages ​​in the future.
• 1933 – Riots spread in Spain; martial law was declared.
• 1940 – The case against Pierre Louÿs' book Aphrodite was started. The book was accused of obscenity.
• 1944 – The first flight test of the Turkish passenger plane, produced in Nuri Demirağ's factory, was made in Yeşilköy.
• 1945 – The use of new Turkish words in the constitutional language was accepted.
• 1945 – The names of the months Teşrinevvel, Teşrinisani, Kânunuevvel and Kânunusani were changed to October, November, December and January.
• 1946 – Ankara Journalists Association was founded.
• 1946 – The first general assembly of the United Nations met in London. 51 countries were represented in this committee.
• 1947 – At the 1st Congress of the Democratic Party, the “Liberty Pact” was accepted. The report called for the abolition of unconstitutional laws, the full implementation of the Constitution, the preparation of a new election law, and the separation of the Presidency and the party chairmanship from each other.
• 1957 – Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom following the resignation of Anthony Eden.
• 1961 – Law No. 212 on press workers came into effect. Newspaper owners protesting this law decided not to publish a newspaper for 3 days.
• 1961 - Working Journalists' Day began to be celebrated.
• 1964 – The Beatles' debut album in the United States is released.
• 1967 – Republican Edward W. Brooke inaugurated as the first black member of the United States Senate.
• 1968 – Fourth Industry Congress convened in Ankara. The issue of “foreign capital” was discussed in the Congress.
• 1969 – Singer's Eagle CevizliThe Sewing Machines Factory in , was occupied by 450 workers working there.
• 1971 – Governments of more than 500 civil authorities decided to take action to protest. For this reason, Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel issued a circular. "Officers who resist are committing crimes," he said.
• 1972 – The Second Chamber of the Military Court of Appeals, which overturned the 15 death sentences, upheld the death sentences for Deniz Gezmiş, Yusuf Aslan and Hüseyin İnan.
• 1975 – New Zoning Law came into effect.
• 1978 - The Soviets send two cosmonauts into space in a Soyuz capsule to rendezvous with the Salyut VI laboratory.
• 1979 – Iranian Shah Reza Pahlavi left his country and went to Aswan, Egypt with his family.
• 1982 – UK's lowest temperature ever: -27.2 °C. Before that, the same temperature was reached on February 11, 1895.
• 1983 – Turkish Airlines Afyon plane crashed in Ankara: 47 passengers died.
• 1984 – Alparslan Türkeş's request for release was rejected for the 21st time.
• 1984 – Diplomatic relations resumed between the United States and the Vatican after a break of more than 100 years.
• 1985 – TRT banned the use of some words such as "memory, revolution, freedom".
• 1988 – 440 publications published abroad were banned from entering the country.
• 1989 - Cuban troops begin to withdraw from Angola.
• 1990 – “Time” operating in the field of press and “Warner” operating in the field of cinema merged to become Time Warner.
• 1991 - The United States launched air raids and missile strikes on Iraq.
• 1992 – “32. Day” program was canceled by the Board of Directors of the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation. The agreement with producer Mehmet Ali Birand was terminated.
• 1995 – TBMM television was established and the sessions began to be broadcast live on TRT-3.
• 1996 – Eurasia ferry was hijacked by 4 gunmen in Trabzon Port.
• 1998 – The Constitutional Court decided to close the Welfare Party.
• 1999 – Haluk Kırcı, who was also wanted within the scope of the Susurluk case, was caught. Haluk Kırcı was sentenced to death 7 times in the case regarding the murder of 7 youth members of the Workers Party of Turkey (TIP) in Ankara Bahçelievler.
• 2001 – Wikipedia was launched as part of Nupedia. Five days later it was a different site.
• 2001 – Turksat 2A was launched.
• 2002 – The DSP Central Disciplinary Committee decided to expel Rıdvan Budak from the party.
• 2002 – A lawsuit was filed against Gazi Erçel, the former Chairman of the Central Bank, on the grounds of 'abuse of office' by selling a total of 5 billion 188 million 900 thousand US dollars to some institutions before the floating exchange rate was adopted.
• 2003 – The 4th game of SimCity was made by Maxis.
• 2006 – Iran's nuclear program sparks international crisis. While Tehran denied claims that it wanted to have an atomic bomb, it declared that its nuclear program is civilian and will continue to develop it. On January 25, France, the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States tried to impose economic and trade sanctions on Iran, but the bill was initially rejected by Russia.
• 2008 – Blizzard begins, affecting large parts of central and southern China.
• 2012 – Ankara 12th High Criminal Court accepted the indictment regarding the September 12 military coup, which included the then Chief of Staff, 7th President Kenan Evren and retired Gen. Tahsin Şahinkaya as “suspects”. In the indictment, for Evren and Şahinkaya aggravated life sentence requested.
• 2012 – Retired General Hurşit Tolon, the Second Ergenekon He was arrested as part of the case.

Births

• 626 – Hussein, grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (d. 680)
• 1209 – Möngke, Mongolian Monarch (d. 1259)
• 1729 – Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist and Catholic priest (d. 1799)
• 1769 – Michel Ney, French field marshal and military commander (d. 1815)
• 1797 – Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer (d. 1848)
• 1800 – Lars Levi Laestadius, Swedish botanist (d. 1861)
• 1809 – Meriwether Lewis Clark Sr., American architect, civil engineer, and politician (d. 1881)
• 1850 – Richard Brewer, American cowboy and outlaw (d. 1878)
• 1859 – Nahum Sokolow, Zionist leader, author, translator, and journalist (d. 1936)
• 1874 – Albert Mathiez, French historian (d. 1932)
• 1880 – Manuel Azaña, Spanish politician and statesman (d. 1940)
• 1881 – Boris Konstantinovich Zaytsev, Russian writer (d. 1972)
• 1883 – Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy, Russian writer (d. 1945)
• 1883 – Francis X. Bushman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1966)
• 1883 – Alfred Saalwächter, German U-Boot commander (d. 1945)
• 1887 – José Américo de Almeida, Brazilian writer (d. 1980)
• 1888 – Princess Kadriye, daughter of Khedive of Egypt Hüseyin Kamil Pasha (d. 1955)
• 1903 - Barbara Hepworth, English sculptor and artist (d. 1975)
• 1905 – Akil Öztuna, Turkish actor (d. 1985)
• 1910 – Galina Ulanova, Russian ballerina (d. 1998)
• 1913 – Gustav Husak, Slovak communist and leader of Czechoslovakia 1969-89 (d. 1991)
• 1913 – Mehmet Shehu, Albanian communist Prime Minister from 1954 to 1981 (d. 1981)
• 1916 – Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (b. 2004)
• 1918 – Arthur Chung, Guyanese politician (d. 2008)
• 1920 – Roberto Marcelo Levingston, Argentine minister of state (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Eduardo Chillida, Spanish-Basque sculptor and painter (d. 2002)
• 1924 – Eduard Admetlla i Lázaro, Spanish photographer (d. 2019)
• 1929 – Ray Kuzeyev, Soviet Russian/Bashkir scientist, doctor of historian sciences
• 1930 – Orhan Aksoy, Turkish director, screenwriter and producer (d. 2008)
• 1931 – Will McBride, American photographer, painter, author, and reporter (d. 2015)
• 1934 – Leonid Kravchuk, Ukrainian politician (d. 2022)
• 1936 – Robert Woodrow Wilson, American physicist, astronomer, and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics
• 1938 – Elza Ibrahimova, Azerbaijani composer (d. 2012)
• 1938 – Donald Knuth, American writer
• 1940 – Suphi Tekniker, Turkish actress and screenwriter
• 1944 - Frank Sinatra Jr., American singer and musician (d. 2016)
• 1945 – Gunther von Hagens, German anatomist
• 1945 – Rod Stewart, English singer and composer
• 1947 – Afeni Shakur, American businessman, former political activist, and member of the Black Panther Party (d. 2016)
• 1947 – Peer Steinbrück, German politician
• 1947 – Tiit Vahi, an Estonian politician
• 1948 – Donald Fagen, American musician and songwriter
• 1948 - Bernard Thévenet, retired French racing cyclist
• 1949 – Kemal Derviş, Turkish economist and politician
• 1949 – George Foreman, American boxer
• 1949 – Linda Lovelace, American pornographic film actress (d. 2002)
• 1953 Pat Benatar, American singer
• 1956 – Antonio Muñoz Molina, spanish writer
• 1959 – Fran Walsh, Academy Award-winning New Zealand filmmaker, director, screenwriter
• 1959 – Gurinder Chadha, Indian-British director, screenwriter, and producer
• 1960 – Brian Cowen, Irish politician
• 1964 – Hakan Boyav, Turkish TV series, theater and film actor
• 1967 – Giusva Branca, Italian journalist, blogger and sports manager
• 1967 – Zoran Džorlev, North Macedonian violinist (d. 2021)
• 1968 – Hakan Aysev, Turkish opera singer and tenor
• 1972 – Devrim Nas, Turkish theater artist
• 1974 – Jemaine Clement, New Zealand comedian, actor and musician
• 1974 – Steve Marlet is a former French international football player.
• 1974 - Hrithik Roshan, Indian actor
• 1976 – Nilüfer Kurt, Turkish model and presenter
• 1976 – Remy Bonjasky, Surinamese-Dutch K-1 World Grand Prix Kickboxing champion
• 1979 - Francesca Piccinini, Italian volleyball player
• 1980 – Nelson Cuevas, Paraguayan football player and singer
• 1980 – Sarah Shahi, is an American film actor
• 1981 - Jared Kushner is an American real estate investor and operator.
• 1984 – Marouane Chamakh, Moroccan football player
• 1986 – Kirsten Flipkens, Belgian tennis player

Deaths

• 976 – John I, Byzantine emperor (b. 925)
• 1619 – Safiye Sultan, Ottoman Sultan III. Mehmed's mother (b. 1550)
• 1645 – William Laud, English scholar and clergyman (b. 1573)
• 1754 – Edward Cave, English printer, editor, and publisher (b. 1691)
• 1778 – Carl Linnaeus, Swedish biologist, physician, and physicist (b. 1707)
• 1789 – John Ledyard, American explorer and adventurer (b. 1751)
• 1794 – Georg Forster, German naturalist, ethnologist, travel writer, journalist, and revolutionary (b. 1754)
• 1833 – Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (b. 1752)
• 1844 – Hudson Lowe, English general (b. 1769)
• 1852 – Mirza Taki Khan, Emir-i Kebir and Emir-i Nizam (b. 1807)
• 1858 – Hezekiah Augur, American sculptor and inventor (b. 1791)
• 1862 – Samuel Colt, American arms manufacturer and inventor (b. 1814)
• 1904 – Jean-Léon Gérôme, French painter and sculptor (b. 1824)
• 1905 – Karlis Baumanis, Latvian lyricist (b. 1835)
• 1905 – Louise Michel, French anarchist and leading female militant of the Paris Commune (b. 1830)
• 1917 – Buffalo Bill (William F. Cody), American soldier, bison hunter, and entertainer (b. 1846)
• 1918 – August Oetker, German businessman, inventor of baking powder, and Dr. Founder of the Oetker firm (b. 1862)
• 1918 – Konstantin Josef Jireček, Czech historian, diplomat, and Slavist (b. 1854)
• 1920 -‎ Sali Nivica‎‎, Albanian journalist and politician‎ (b. 1866)
• 1922 – Ōkuma Shigenobu, eighth Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1838)
• 1950 – Mehmet Hulusi Conk, Turkish soldier (b. 1881)
• 1951 – Sinclair Lewis, American author and Nobel Prize winner for Literature (b. 1885)
• 1957 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean poet, educator, diplomat, and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
• 1959 – Şükrü Kaya, Turkish statesman and politician (Former Interior Minister of Turkey) (b. 1883)
• 1961 – Dashiell Hammett, American author of detective novels (b. 1894)
• 1968 – Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Turkish soldier and politician (Atatürk's comrade in arms) (b. 1882)
• 1968 – Theophilus Dönges, South African politician (b. 1898)
• 1971 – Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel (Coco Chanel), French fashion designer (b. 1883)
• 1981 – Richard Boone, American actor (b. 1917)
• 1984 – Reşat Enis Aygen, Turkish writer (b. 1909)
• 1985 – Anton Karas, Austrian zither virtuoso and composer (b. 1906)
• 1998 – Yaşar Güvenir, Turkish pianist, vocalist, composer and lyricist (b. 1929)
• 2000 – Semih Günver, Turkish Ambassador (b. 1917)
• 2001 – Necati Cumalı, Turkish poet and writer (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Carlo Ponti, wife of Italian filmmaker and actress Sophia Loren (b. 1912)
• 2010 – Mano Solo, French singer, songwriter and musician (b. 1963)
• 2011 – John Dye, American actor (b. 1963)
• 2011 – Bora Kostić, former Yugoslav national football player of Serbian origin (b. 1930)
• 2011 – Margaret Whiting, American country music singer and actress (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Lila Kaye, English actress (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Gevork Vartanyan, Soviet intelligence officer (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Christel Adelaar, Dutch actress (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Peter Fitz, German actor and writer (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Adnan Azar, Turkish poet (b. 1956)
• 2014 – Süheyl Eğriboz, Turkish theater, TV series and movie actor (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Zbigniew Messner, Polish communist economist and politician (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Jorgelina Aranda, Argentine actress, model and singer (b. 1942)
• 2015 – Brian Clemens, English screenwriter, producer and director (b. 1931)
• 2015 – Taylor Negron, American actress, painter, author, and stand-up comedian (b. 1957)
• 2015 – Francesco Rosi, Italian film director (b. 1922)
• 2015 – Inge Vermeulen, Dutch field hockey player of Brazilian descent (b. 1985)
• 2016 – Abbas Bahri, Tunisian mathematician and professor (b. 1955)
• 2016 – David Bowie, English singer, songwriter and actor (b. 1947)
• 2016 – Wim Bleijenberg, former Dutch national football player (b. 1930)
• 2016 – Teofil Codreanu, Romanian former national football player (b. 1941)
• 2016 – Jeanne Cordova, American LGBT rights activist and author (b. 1948)
• 2016 – Michael Galeota, American actor (b. 1984)
• 2016 – Hernán Gamboa, Venezuelan musician, composer and singer (b. 1946)
• 2016 – Ulrich Hahnen, German politician (b. 1952)
• 2017 – Hiag Akmakjian, American author, painter, and photographer (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Oddvar Barlie, Norwegian wrestler (b. 1929)
• 2017 – Buddy Greco, American jazz and pop singer, pianist, and actor (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Roman Herzog, president of Germany 1994-1999 (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Achmad Kurniawan, Indonesian football player (b. 1979)
• 2017 – Tony Rosato, Canadian actor, comedian, and voice actor (b. 1954)
• 2017 – Oliver Smithies, British-born American geneticist (b. 1925)
• 2018 – Eddie Clarke, English guitarist (b. 1950)
• 2018 – Mikhail Derjavin, Soviet-Russian actor (b. 1936)
• 2018 – Pierre Grillet, French former football player who played as a forward (b. 1932)
• 2018 – Philippe Marchand, French socialist politician (b. 1939)
• 2018 – Novello Novelli, Italian character actor and comedian (b. 1930)
• 2018 – Doreen Tracey, British-American actress and artist (b. 1943)
• 2019 – Theo Adam, German opera singer (b. 1926)
• 2019 – Muhyettin Aksak, Turkish politician and engineer (b. 1957)
• 2019 – Erminio Boso, Italian politician (b. 1945)
• 2019 – Diane Oxberry, British journalist and television news presenter (b. 1967)
• 2019 – Lionel Price, Former English basketball player (b. 1927)
• 2019 – Juan Francisco Reyes, Guatemalan politician (b. 1938)
• 2020 – Neda Arnerić, Serbian actress (b. 1953)
• 2020 – Qaboos bin Said, sultan of Oman from 1970 to 2020 (b. 1940)
• 2020 – John Crosbie, Canadian politician and lawyer (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Wolfgang Dauner, German jazz pianist and composer (b. 1935)
• 2020 – Marc Morgan, Belgian singer, songwriter and musician (b. 1962)
• 2020 – Petko Petkov, Bulgarian national football player and manager (b. 1946)
• 2021 – Ahmet Vefik Alp, Turkish architect, urban scientist, engineer and politician (b. 1948)
• 2021 – Hubert Auriol, French professional dirt bike and speedway racer (b. 1952)
• 2021 – Joël Batteux, French politician (b. 1943)
• 2021 – Pedro Casado, Spanish professional football player (b. 1937)
• 2021 – Tosh Chamberlain, English former professional football player (b. 1934)
• 2021 – Adam Dyczkowski, Polish Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1932)
• 2021 – Nancy Walker Bush Ellis, American environmentalist and political campaigner (b. 1926)
• 2021 – Christopher Maboulou, French football player (b. 1990)
• 2021 – Antonio Sabàto Sr., Italian-American actor (b. 1943)
• 2021 – Julie Strain, American actress and model (b. 1962)
• 2021 – David Stypka, Czech male singer, musician, journalist and graphic artist (b. 1979)
• 2022 – Herbert Achternbusch, German writer (b. 1938)
• 2022 – Alfred Gager, Austrian former football player (b. 1942)
• 2022 – Aura Herzog, former first lady of Israel, activist and philanthropist (b. 1924)
• 2022 – Zhanat Suleimenov, Kazakh soldier and politician (b. 1962)
• 2022 – Abdurrahman Vezirov, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Azerbaijan Communist Party (b. 1930)

Holidays and special occasions

• Turkey Working Journalists Day
• World Agricultural Engineers Day