Acıbadem Dr. Sinasi Can (Kadıköy) Hospital Brain and Nerve Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Yaşar Bayri talked about brain aneurysm and treatment methods.
brain aneurysm; It is defined as the balloon-like enlargement of the weak area of the main arteries that feed the brain. The most dangerous complication of brain aneurysms, which is generally seen in 100 out of every 1 people in our country, is that it can lead to cerebral hemorrhage. People with aneurysms have a risk of bleeding at varying rates depending on the size of their aneurysm, and bleeding in the brain may occur as a result of the bursting of the bubble.
Brain and Nerve Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Yaşar Bayri said the following about aneurysms:
“Since the vascular wall of the aneurysm is thin, it can burst from this area and cause bleeding. Sometimes there may be bleeding in the form of leakage before the aneurysm bursts. In the studies carried out; It has been reported that 15-50 percent of the patients have sudden and severe headaches due to light bleeding 6-20 days before the explosion. Since sudden death may occur in 10-15 percent of patients with cerebral hemorrhage, it is of great importance to apply to a health institution without wasting time. Today, brain aneurysm can be easily diagnosed with angiographic tomography, MR angiography and classical angiography methods.
Although it is not yet fully understood why brain aneurysms occur, it is known that some factors increase the risk. Although aneurysms are equally distributed in men and women all over the world, this rate is twice as high in women over the age of 50. It is stated that the decrease in the estrogen hormone, which protects vascular health, together with menopause, is effective in this increase. Brain and Nerve Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Yaşar Bayri said, “Advanced age, hypertension, smoking and excessive alcohol use, atherosclerosis (atherosclerosis), traumas and diseases such as endocarditis increase the risk of aneurysm. In addition to these, the incidence of aneurysm is higher in some diseases such as polycystic kidney disease and fibromuscular dysplasia.
Assoc. Dr. Yaşar Bayri, pointing out that the history of aneurysm in more than one person in the family also increases the risk, “Therefore, it is recommended that those with a history of aneurysm in more than one family member should consult their physician for risk factors and screening. Because taking precautions in the early period saves the life of the patient.”
Brain and Nerve Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Yaşar Bayri said, “While the blood continues to flow in these thinned vessels, the increase in blood pressure causes a small area in the vessel to swell outward, just like a balloon. If the vein is weakened more than necessary or if the pressure inside it suddenly increases, it bursts and as a result 'brain hemorrhage' occurs. In case of bleeding, it is very important to treat the aneurysm within the first 3 days. Because the risk of bleeding for the second time of the aneurysm, which has burst once and caused brain hemorrhage, is very high.
The goal in the treatment of brain aneurysms is to eliminate the risk of cerebral hemorrhage that may develop as a result of the bursting of the bubble. Two treatment methods are used for this; Brain and Nerve Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Yaşar Bayri said, “In deciding which method the operation will be carried out; Many factors such as the size of the aneurysm, location, age of the patient and the presence of general health problems are effective.
Assoc. Dr. Yaşar Bayri stated that in aneurysm surgeries performed with open method, using microsurgery methods under the microscope, the aneurysm is closed with clamps called clips, which are suitable for the neck of the enlarged bubble. Since the blood cannot enter the enlarged vein, the risk of bleeding is prevented. In the endovascular method, the aneurysm sac is filled with a wire-like substance called a coil, usually through a catheter placed in the groin. By-pass surgery is used in cases where the aneurysms are too large or the closure cannot be performed by both methods. In non-bleeding aneurysms, it is decided how to follow up according to the size and shape of the aneurysm and the presence of factors that increase the risk of bleeding.
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