Today in History: Istanbul Cibali Tobacco Factory Workers Go on Strike

July 30 is the 211th day of the year (212th in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 154.

Railways

• 30 July 1869 Rumeli railway construction began exploration work.

Events

• 1629 – Earthquake in Naples (Italy): 10.000 dead.
• 1688 – Siege of Belgrade: Ottoman-dominated Belgrade was besieged by forces led by the Holy Roman Empire and captured the city on September 8.
• 1811 – Priest Miguel Hidalgo is shot in Mexico. Hidalgo had launched the independence movement in Mexico a year ago.
• 1908 – Istanbul Cibali Tobacco Factory workers went on strike.
• 1929 – Kadriye Hanım and her friends, who were tried for the alleged assassination attempt on President Mustafa Kemal Pasha, were acquitted.
• 1932 - Summer Olympics started in Los Angeles.
• 1940 – Earthquake in Yozgat: 12 villages were destroyed, 300 dead and 360 injured.
• 1945 – 15 people on trial for alleged spying for Nazi Germany in Thrace were sentenced to death.
• 1946 – Kazım Orbay resigned from the Chief of General Staff, Salih Omurtak was appointed instead.
• 1947 – Publishing the speech of Democratic Party Kütahya Deputy Adnan Menderes in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey Description, Democracy, Democrat Izmir ve New Century The owners and editors of the newspapers were arrested.
• 1966 – United States aircraft bombard the demilitarized zone between North and South Vietnam.
• 1966 – United Kingdom defeated Germany 4-2 to become World Football Champions.
• 1971 – A Boeing 727 Japanese national passenger plane collided with a Japanese warplane over Morioka (Japan): 162 people were killed.
• 1973 - University entrance exam canceled because questions were sold.
• 1975 – It was decided that the authority to supervise Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's share in Türkiye İş Bankası belongs to the Republican People's Party.
• 1977 – Turkey Basketball Junior National Team became the European Champion.
• 1981 – 16 hunger strikers were hospitalized in Mamak Military Prison.
• 1982 – Mehmet Yurdadon won the gold medal in the 10 meters competition held in Finland.
• 1992 – Approximately 43.000 workers working in Istanbul, Ankara, Adana Metropolitan and District Municipalities and Trabzon Municipality went on strike.
• 1995 – A series of agreements ending the war between Chechnya and Russia were signed in Grozny.
• 1998 – Single-stage university exams were approved by the YÖK General Assembly.
• 2002 – A peace agreement is signed between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda in an effort to end the war that has destabilized Central Africa and killed millions.
• 2008 – The closure case against the Justice and Development Party was rejected by the Constitutional Court.

Births

• 1511 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, writer, historian, and architect (d. 1574)
• 1569 – Charles I, prince of Liechtenstein (d. 1627)
• 1751 – Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian pianist (sister to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) (d. 1829)
• 1818 – Emily (Jane) Brontë, English writer (d. 1848)
• 1828 – William Edwin Brooks, Irish ornithologist (d. 1899)
• 1863 Henry Ford, American automobile manufacturer (d. 1947)
• 1898 – Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)
• 1922 – Turhan Selçuk, Turkish cartoonist (d. 2010)
• 1931 – Brian Clemens, English screenwriter, producer, and director (d. 2015)
• 1936 – Buddy Guy, five Grammy-winning American blues guitarist and singer
• 1936 – Pilar, older sister of King Juan Carlos I (d. 2020)
• 1938 – Hervé de Charette, French politician
• 1939 – Güneri Cıvaoğlu, Turkish journalist
• 1939 – Peter Bogdanovich, American film director, producer, screenwriter, critic, actor, and historian (d. 2022)
• 1940 - Clive Sinclair, English inventor
• 1941 – Paul Anka, Lebanese-Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1944 – Frances de la Tour, French-English actress
• 1945 – Patrick Modiano, French novelist and 2014 Nobel Prize winner for Literature
• 1947 – Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, French virologist
• 1947 – Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-American actor, athlete, and politician
• 1948 – Jean Reno, French actor
• 1948 – Otis Taylor, American blues singer
• 1956 - Delta Burke, American actress
• 1957 – Nery Pumpido, Argentine national football player and manager
• 1958 – Kate Bush, English singer-songwriter, musician and record producer
• 1960 – Richard Linklater, American director, filmmaker, screenwriter, and actor
• 1961 – Laurence Fishburne, American filmmaker, director, and actor
• 1962 – Alphan Manas, Turkish entrepreneur and businessman
• 1963 – Antoni Martí, Andorran architect and politician
• 1963 – Chris Mullin, American basketball player
• 1963 – Lisa Kudrow, American actress
• 1964 – Vivica A. Fox, American actress
• 1964 – Jürgen Klinsmann, German football player and manager
• 1966 Kerry Fox, New Zealand actress
• 1967 – Derya Taşçı Özyer, Turkish basketball player and coach
• 1968 – Terry Crews, American comedian, actor, and former professional football player
• 1968 – Cengiz Küçükayvaz, Turkish actor
• 1968 – Robert Korzeniowski, Polish hiker
• 1968 – Sean Moore, Welsh musician
• 1969 – Simon Baker, Australian actor
• 1970 – Dean Edwards, American stand-up comedian, actor, singer, writer, musician, and voice actor
• 1970 – Christopher Nolan, English film director
• 1973 – Ümit Davala, Turkish football player
• 1973 – Sonu Nigam, Indian singer
• 1974 – Radostin Kishev, Bulgarian national football player
• 1974 – Hilary Swank, American actress and winner of two Academy Awards
• 1975 – Cherie Priest, American writer
• 1977 – Jaime Pressly, American film and television actor
• 1977 – Bootsy Thornton, American basketball player
• 1979 - Carlos Arroyo, Puerto Rican former basketball player and singer
• 1980 – Sara Anzanello, Italian volleyball player
• 1982 – Nesrin Cavadzade, Azerbaijani-born Turkish TV and movie actress
• 1982 – Jihad al-Hussein, former Syrian national football player
• 1982 – Yvonne Strahovski, Australian actress
• 1984 – Gupse Özay, Turkish actress and screenwriter
• 1987 – Luca Lanotte, Italian figure skater
• 1993 – André Gomes, Portuguese national football player
• 1994 – Jordan Silva, Mexican football player
• 1999 – Joey King, American child actor and pop singer
• 2000 – Jannine Weigel, Singer and actress

Deaths

• 303 – Julitte from Kayseri, a Christian martyr (b. ?)
• 1286 – Bar Hebraeus, philosopher, historian, poet, grammarian, commentator, theologian, and Syriac Catholicos of the time (b. 1225)
• 1585 – Niccolò da Ponte, 87th Duke of the Republic of Venice (b. 1491)
• 1683 – Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria by affiliation with the Spanish branch of the House of Habsburg and Queen of France by marriage (b. 1638)
• 1718 – William Penn, English entrepreneur, philosopher, and theologian (b. 1644)
• 1811 – Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican Catholic priest (b. 1753)
• 1871 – Max Bezzel, German chess player (b. 1824)
• 1898 – Otto von Bismarck, German statesman (b. 1815)
• 1900 – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1893-1900 (b. 1844)
• 1912 – Emperor Meiji, Emperor of Japan (b. 1852)
• 1916 – Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser, German medical doctor (founder of gonorrhea) (b. 1855)
• 1930 – Joan Gamper, Swiss football player (b. 1877)
• 1965 – Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese writer (b. 1886)
• 1969 – Jørgen Jørgensen, Danish philosopher (b. 1894)
• 1975 – Jimmy Hoffa, American labor union leader (b. 1913)
• 1985 – Julia Robinson, American mathematician (b. 1919)
• 1990 – Hüseyin Peyda, Turkish film actor (b. 1919)
• 1996 – Claudette Colbert, American actress (b. 1903)
• 1997 – Bao Dai, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1913)
• 2005 – John Garang, South Sudanese politician and rebel leader (b. 1945)
• 2006 – Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1946)
• 2006 – Murray Bookchin, American author (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish playwright and film director (b. 1918)
• 2007 – Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director (b. 1912)
• 2009 – Mohammed Yusuf, founder of Boko Haram (b. 1970)
• 2012 – Maeve Binchy, Irish journalist, short story writer, and novelist (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Robert N. Bellah, American sociologist (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Antoni Ramallets, Spanish former coach and national goalkeeper (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Dick Smith, American make-up artist (b. 1922)
• 2015 – Lynn Anderson, American singer (b. 1947)
• 2015 – Pervin Par, Turkish film actor (b. 1939)
• 2016 – Gloria DeHaven, American actress and singer (b. 1925)
• 2016 – Dave Schwartz, former American meteorologist (b. 1953)
• 2017 – Tato Cifuentes, Chilean-born Argentine actor, singer, and puppeteer (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Slim Mahfoudh, Tunisian actor (b. 1942)
• 2017 – Anton Vratuša, former politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Slovenia and United Nations Ambassador to Yugoslavia (b. 1915)
• 2018 – Andreas Kappes, German cyclist (b. 1965)
• 2018 – Finn Tveter, Norwegian lawyer and rowing athlete (b. 1947)
• 2019 – Marcian Bleahu, Romanian geologist, speleologist, geographer, mountaineer, explorer, writer, and politician (b. 1924)
• 2020 – Karen Berg, American author, activist, and businesswoman (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Maarten Biesheuvel, Dutch writer (b. 1939)
• 2020 – Herman Cain, American businessman (b. 1945)
• 2020 – Somen Mitra, Indian politician (b. 1941)
• 2020 – Lee Teng-hui, Taiwanese politician (b. 1923)
• 2021 – Hüseyin Avni Coş, Turkish bureaucrat (b. 1959)
• 2021 – Shona Ferguson, Botswana-born South African director, producer, actress and businessman (b. 1974)
• 2021 – Rachel Oniga, Nigerian actress (b. 1957)
• 2021 – Jay Pickett, American actor (b. 1961)
• 2021 – Martha Sánchez Néstor, Mexican feminist and human rights activist (b. 1974)
• 2021 – Italo Vassalo, Ethiopian national football player of Eritrean descent (b. 1940)
• 2021 – Hyacinth Wijeratne, Sri Lankan theater, film and television actress (b. 1946)

Holidays and special occasions

• Storm: Plum Storm