Who is Fatma Aliye Topuz?

Although Fatma Aliye gained her fame after II. Although he lost after the Second Constitutional Monarchy, we actually see him everywhere today. Because the image of Fatma Aliye Topuz, who fought for women's rights and produced important works for Turkish Literature, has been smiling at us from the back of 2009 TL since 50. But I think he mostly smiles at women. Fatma Aliye Topuz, a beautiful woman who devoted her life to the existence of women in society, burned with the passion of learning since childhood, became a mother at an early age, and devoted her heart to literature. Fatma Aliye was only one of the women who lived as a woman who defended the wrongness of polygamy, that women have a special place in life, and that despite the conditions of the time she lived, Fatma Aliye. She is one of those women who knew how to write the voices of all of us and defended the rights of all women as her own.

While the conditions of the period she lived in did not even allow her to study as a girl, she was a brave and smart girl enough to overcome this. He was going to write a future for himself by being content with what reached him from the voice of his brother's knowledge.

What he learned would bring him the chance and fame to write novels. Fatma Aliye would find her way like an Emerald Phoenix rising from her ashes. Fatma Aliye was born on October 9, 1862 in Istanbul, the daughter of historian Ahmed Cevdet Pasha and Adviye Hanım. She was born in a house that was lucky for her time. However, Fatma Aliye was not given a special education. She would shape her own future with her intelligence and hard work.

He started to receive his first education by eavesdropping on the teachers who came to the house for his elder brother Ali Sedat. He was trying to add new things to what he had learned and was improving himself.

Her father could not ignore Fatma Aliye's efforts and supported her. Fatma Aliye's interest in French came to light. He learned this language very well by taking lessons.

Time would offer Fatma many innovations, and Fatma would make good use of it. Even while improving himself, he would not neglect to make small touches around him. For this reason, it would not be a coincidence that her older sister Emine Semiye was one of the first Ottoman female feminists.

When Fatma was 17 years old, she married Kolağası Faik Bey, the niece of the famous Gazi Osman Pasha, who made history with the Pleven Defense in the 1877 – 2878 Ottoman-Russian War. He had four daughters from this marriage.

She would raise her daughters by teaching them to be ambitious and hardworking like herself, and that women can do many things if they want.

So much so that, as a result of this thought, which he would pass on from generation to generation, his grandson would become a theater and film actor. This woman was none other than Suna Selen.

Fatma Aliye was now a married woman, but in fact she was still a girl who yearned to learn something. Maybe it was because he was more curious about everything that was forbidden to him that he followed them with such passion. But still, the books were different.

The first 10 years of her marriage had brought her femininity and motherhood. However, he was still trying to read the book secretly among all of them. Because, according to his wife, this subject was on the prohibition list.

Although 10 years seems like a long time, time healed everything and her husband's attitude towards this prohibition started to break day by day. This new development not only lifted the ban on books in Fatma Aliye's life. He would now translate the book.

With her husband's permission, Fatma Aliye translated Georges Ohnet's Volonte for the first time in 1889 under the name "Meram". This novel was published under the signature "Bir Hanım". This translation was very interesting. Although this was Fatma Aliye's first success, even though she could not add her name to the signature, and this success attracted the attention of someone who knew who the real owner of the signature was. This person was none other than his father.

From now on, Fatma Aliye would have the opportunity to take lessons from her father and share her ideas with him. Fatma Aliye caught the attention of Ahmed Mithat Efendi, as well as her father. The famous writer described "Bir Hanım" in the newspaper Tercüman-ı Adalet, with words full of praise. He also adopted Fatma Aliye as his adopted daughter.

Fatma Aliye would use the name "Mütercime-i Meram" for her translations after her first translation. He wasn't content with just translating. He also started to work on the book from good to good. The novel "Dream and Truth", written with Ahmed Mithat Efendi, was Fatma Aliye's first book experience. The novel was narrated in two different ways, for men and women. Fatma Aliye masterfully carried the pen of the female side. This novel was published under the signature "Bir Kadın ve Ahmed Mithat Efendi".

Fatma Aliye and Ahmed Mithat Efendi had become the perfect couple now. After the novel, the two corresponded for a long time. These letters were later published in the newspaper Tercüman-ı Perakende.

Fatma Aliye finally published her first novel, which she named "Muhadarat", in 1892, this time under her own name. The subject of his novel is to refute the belief that a woman cannot forget her first love.

The success of this novel became a reference for writing others. Fatma Aliye would receive the title of "The First Female Novelist", despite Zafer Hanım's novel "Aşk-ı Vatan" published in 1877, because Zafer Hanım did not write any other book but she also had five novels.

Fatma Aliye published "Udi" in 1899 after Muhadarat. He wrote this novel about the life witnessed by a female oud player in Aleppo, where he went on duty. Bedia was an unhappily married oudist and Fatma Aliye used a plain language for her period.

With this novel, Fatma Aliye was also interested in philosophy and dealt with social problems. He touched upon the philosophy of music in the novel.

The comments he got were pretty good too. Among the works that strengthened his love and interest in literature, Reşat Nuri Güntekin showed the novel "Udi" after the novels he listened to with his tulip.

Women were at the center of all his works. Subjects such as marriage, love, harmony, getting to know each other were frequently seen in his novels. After "Udi", he wrote "Ref'et", "Enin" and "Levayih-i Hayat".

The heroines he created in his novels were almost dancing in his dream world. They were all free-spirited women who made their own money, wanted to be individuals and didn't need a man.

Fatma Aliye, "woman" throughout her life sözcüHe kept it at the center of his life. Creating literary works was of course important to his success, but he had a sense of social responsibility in him. He knew the problems of women as their own problems and he also wrote works describing these problems.

She published articles on women's issues in the Women's Journal. She took it upon herself to defend women's rights without departing from her traditional view.

In 1892, he explained the place of women in Islam to European women with his book "Nisvan-ı İslam". Fatma Aliye, who created modern heroines in her novels, used sentences that depended heavily on her traditions in this book.

Fatma Aliye went down in history as one of the first women to defend women's rights with her writings, ideas and lifestyle on the existence of women. Considering the conditions of her time, Fatma Aliye was a brave woman.

Throughout his life, he argued that men and women are equal. According to him, both men and women should have the same education, and women should have a say in life as much as men. A man could not marry more than one woman, and the woman certainly had a say when it came to divorce.

Fatma Aliye was a famous woman for her writings and thoughts during her time. Her fame increased even more with "Bir Muharrire-i Osmaniye'nin Neşeti" (The Birth of an Ottoman Woman Writer) written by Ahmed Mithat Efendi in 1893. Because this book was written by Ahmed Mithat Efendi to tell about Fatma Aliye and it also included the letters of Fatma Aliye, in which she was burning with a passion for learning.

Apart from her literary aspect, Fatma Aliye was also known for her activities among charitable societies. In 1897, he founded the Nisvan-ı Osmaniye Imdat Cemiyeti, by writing articles in the newspaper Tercüman-ı Adalet, to help the families of the soldiers injured in the Ottoman-Greek War. With this association, she established one of the first official women's associations of the country.

"Ahmet Cevdet Pasha and His Time", written in 1914, was Fatma Aliye's last novel. His aim was to describe the state of political life after the Constitutional Monarchy with this novel. However, his opposition to the official History theses would cause him to be excluded from the literary world.

II. Although it had a remarkable reputation until the time of the Constitutional Monarchy, it was forgotten over time. However, Fatma Aliye's novel "Nisvan-ı İslam", who made a name for herself in the European and American press with the title of the First Turkish Female Novelist, was translated into French and Arabic, and her novel "Udi" was translated into French, and her works were published in the Chicago World Women's Library Catalogue in 1893. was exhibited in

While using the name Fatma Aliye Hanım in her works, Fatma Aliye took the surname "Topuz" in 1934 with the Surname Law. Fatma Aliye died on 13 July 1936.