Today in History: Microsoft Corporation Founded in Partnership with Bill Gates and Paul Allen

April 4 is the 94nd (95rd in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 271.

Railways

• 4 April 1900 A railway agreement was signed with Russia. The Ottoman State reserved the right to build railways in the Black Sea Region. If he couldn't build himself, Russian capitalists would. This agreement was made to prevent Russia's opposition to the Baghdad Railway.

Events

• 1581 - Francis Drake completes his world tour and is knighted by Elizabeth I.
• 1814 - Napoleon abdicates for the first time.
• 1905 - In the earthquake in India, about 20.000 people died.
• 1913 – In the Ottoman Empire Women's World magazine was founded.
• 1929 – At the Meeting of Use and Protection of Domestic Goods held in Istanbul, the youth took an oath to use domestic goods.
• 1941 – Former Prime Minister Rashid Ali Geylani seized power in a coup d'etat in Iraq.
• 1949 – NATO is established. In Washington, the United States, Belgium, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, Norway and Portugal signed the treaty ratifying the establishment of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
• 1951 – Necip Fazıl Kısakürek was fined 30 lira for gambling.
• 1953 – The Dumlupınar submarine of the Naval Forces sank after colliding with the Swedish ship Naboland in the Dardanelles while returning from the NATO exercise; Today, where 81 Turkish sailors died, has been declared "Marine Martyrs' Day".
• 1960 – Senegal gained its independence from France.
• 1966 – When the NATO bases in France were opposed, the situation of the bases in Turkey was brought to the agenda. Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel said, "There is no US base in Turkey, it has facilities."
• 1968 - Martin Luther King Jr. was killed in Memphis.
• 1973 – The World Trade Center was opened, which was destroyed by the attacks of September 11, 2001. The architect of the building, whose foundations were laid in 1966, whose construction began in 1968, and which cost 37 million dollars, was Minuori Yamasaki.
• 1974 – The Turkish Government informed Greece through diplomatic channels that it would not accept the extension of the Greek territorial waters to 12 miles and that it would not be possible to turn the Aegean into a Greek lake.
• 1975 - Microsoft company was founded in partnership with Bill Gates and Paul Allen.
• 1979 - Prime Minister of Pakistan, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, was executed by hanging.
• 1985 – A plane that was making a training flight in Balıkesir crashed on the Carpenters' Site. The two pilots of the aircraft and 14 people were killed and 21 injured.
• 1988 – In the 7th International Istanbul Cinema Days, the screening of two films was banned due to obscenity and violation of Islam.
• 1990 – Siirt Deputy İdris ARIKAN was released by the court's decision to cause the death of Siirt Deputy Abdürrezzak CEYLAN in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey as a result of carelessness and carelessness.
• 1990 – Ankara State Theater İrfan Şahinbaş Atelier Stage was opened.
• 1991 – Conditional permission granted to private universities.
• 1997 – “Association for Supporting and Educating Women Candidates” (KADER) was established under the leadership of a group of women in order to support women entering politics.
• 2001 – The Sixth Penal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Appeals upheld the decision that Mehmet Ali Ağca, who was extradited from Italy to Turkey, was sentenced to 7 years and 2 months of heavy imprisonment for extortion.
• 2002 – PKK changes its name to KADEK (Kurdistan Democracy and Freedom Congress), after being banned in many European countries.
• 2002 – Dicle News Agency was established.
• 2003 – The Eighth Penal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Appeals upheld the decision regarding the sentencing of 10 police officers, one of which was a chief inspector, to prison sentences ranging from 60 to 130 months in the Manisa youth case.
• 2004 – Konyaspor Technical Director Tevfik Lav died in a traffic accident near Manisa.
• 2004 – German Alevi Women's Union organized a festival called "Women's Folk Song in 25 Languages". In the concert, 500 women played saz and 300 women sang at the same time.
• 2006 – Actions were held for the first time as part of the "4 April Mine Awareness Day". The day was declared by the UN on 8 December 2005.
• 2010 – TRT's Arabic channel TRT El Arabia started broadcasting.

Births

• 186 – Caracalla, Roman Emperor (d. 217)
• 1646 – Antoine Galland, French orientalist and archaeologist (d. 1715)
• 1802 – Dorothea Dix, American social reformer and humanist (d. 1887)
• 1835 – John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (d. 1911)
• 1846 – Comte de Lautréamont, French writer (d. 1870)
• 1858 – Remy de Gourmont, French poet (d. 1915)
• 1884 – Isoroku Yamamoto, Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy Combined Fleet (d. 1943)
• 1913 – Muddy Waters, American musician (d. 1983)
• 1914 – Marguerite Duras, French writer (d. 1996)
• 1915 – Lars Ahlin, Swedish writer (d. 1997)
• 1920 – Éric Rohmer, French director (d. 2010)
• 1922 – Hayrettin Karaca, Turkish scientist and co-founder of TEMA Foundation (d. 2020)
• 1928 – İlhami Soysal, Turkish journalist and writer (d. 1992)
• 1928 – Maya Angelou, African-American writer, poet, and singer (d. 2014)
• 1928 – Alfredo Armenteros, Cuban musician (d. 2016)
• 1932 – Andrei Tarkovsky, Soviet director (d. 1986)
• 1932 – Anthony Perkins, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1944 – Toktamış Ateş, Turkish political science professor and writer (d. 2013)
• 1945 – Daniel Cohn-Bendit, French politician and activist
• 1946 – Ercan Yazgan, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor (d. 2018)
• 1947 – Işılay Saygın, Turkish architect, politician and Turkey's first female Minister of Tourism (d. 2019)
• 1948 – Şahin Mengü, Turkish lawyer and politician
• 1948 – Abdullah Öcalan, one of the founders and first leader of the PKK
• 1952 – Gary Moore, Irish guitarist and member of Thin Lizzy (d. 2011)
• 1953 – Fahriye Güney, Turkish poet, writer and Rumelian folk artist
• 1957 – Aki Kaurismäki, Finnish director
• 1960 – Hugo Weaving, Nigerian-born, British-Australian actor
• 1963 – Nuri Adıyeke, Turkish-Ottoman historian of Cretan origin
• 1963 – Semih Kaplanoğlu, Turkish screenwriter and director
• 1965 – Robert Downey, Jr., American actor
• 1967 – Hakan Bilgin, Turkish actor
• 1967 – Ali Babacan, Turkish politician and DEVA Party Chairman
• 1970 – Barry Pepper, American actor
• 1970 – Çağan Irmak, Turkish director
• 1970 – Yelena Yelesina, Russian high jumper
• 1976 – Emerson Ferreira da Rosa, Brazilian football player
• 1979 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor and Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actor (d. 2008)
• 1983 – Ben Gordon, American basketball player
• 1984 – Arkady Vyatchanin, Russian swimmer
• 1985 – Rudy Fernández, Spanish basketball player
• 1986 – Aiden McGeady, Irish football player
• 1991 – Jamie Lynn Spears, American actress and singer
• 1992 – Alexa Nikolas, American actress
• 1992 – Christina Metaxa, Greek Cypriot singer
• 1996 – Austin Mahone, American pop singer

Deaths

• 397 – Ambrosius of Milan, bishop of Milan, theologian and one of the most influential figures of the 4th century Church – Father of the Church – Doctor of the Church (b. 340)
• 636 – Isidor of Seville, called the First medieval encyclopedist – Father of the Church – Doctor of the Church (b. 560)
• 814 – Plato of Sakkudion, a Byzantine official, monk, and saint (b. 735)
• 896 – Formosus, pope from 6 October 891 until his death in 896 (b. 816)
• 1284 – Alfonso X of Castile, king of Castile from 1252-1284 (b. 1221)
• 1292 - Pope IV. Nicolaus, born Girolamo Masci, was pope from February 22, 1288 until his death in 1292. He was the first elected Franciscan Pope (b. 1227)
• 1588 – II. Friedrich was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Schleswig from 1559 until his death (b.
• 1609 – Charles de l'Écluse, L'Éscluse or Carolus Clusius, Flemish physician, botanist, and gardener (b. 1526)
• 1617 – John Napier, Scottish mathematician and inventor of logarithm (b. 1550)
• 1774 – Oliver Goldsmith, Irish writer and poet (b. 1728)
• 1817 – André Masséna, Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling, one of the leading French generals of the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars (b. 1758)
• 1878 – Richard Brewer, American cowboy and outlaw (b. 1850)
• 1841 – William Henry Harrison, American soldier and 9th President of the United States (b. 1773)
• 1848 – Marc-Antoine Jullien de Paris, French instructor (b. 1775)
• 1870 – Heinrich Gustav Magnus, German chemist and physicist (b. 1802)
• 1878 – Richard Brewer, American cowboy and outlaw (b. 1850)
• 1919 – William Crookes, English chemist and physicist (b. 1832)
• 1923 – John Venn, English mathematician (b. 1834)
• 1923 – Julius Martov, Russian Menshevik leader of Jewish descent (b. 1873)
• 1929 – Karl Benz, German mechanical engineer and engine designer (b. 1844)
• 1931 – André Michelin, French engineer and industrialist (b. 1853)
• 1932 – Wilhelm Ostwald, German chemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (b. 1853)
• 1941 – Emine Nazikeda, wife of Sultan Vahdettin and Chief Lady (b. 1866)
• 1943 – Jimmy Barry, American boxer (b. 1870)
• 1953 – II. Carol, King of Romania (1930 – 1940) (b. 1893)
• 1968 – Martin Luther King, Jr., African-American Baptist pastor and leader of the American civil rights movement and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1929)
• 1979 – Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1928)
• 1983 – Gloria Swanson, American actress (b. 1897)
• 1984 – Maximilian Fretter-Pico, Nazi Germany general (b. 1892)
• 1991 – Max Frisch, Swiss writer (b. 1911)
• 1992 – Muammer Hacıoğlu, Turkish poet (b. 1945)
• 1997 – Alparslan Türkeş, Turkish soldier and politician (b. 1917)
• 2004 – Tevfik Lav, Turkish coach (b. 1959)
• 2007 – Ayhan Yetkiner, Turkish journalist (b. 1929)
• 2007 – Bob Clark, American film director (b. 1941)
• 2011 – Walter Scott Columbus, American drummer (b. 1956)
• 2013 – Roger Joseph Ebert, American film critic and screenwriter (b. 1942)
• 2014 – İsmet Atlı, Turkish wrestler and minstrel (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Kumba Ialá or Kumba Yalá, lecturer and politician from Guinea-Bissau (b. 1953)
• 2015 – Ramón Ivanoes Barreto Ruiz, Uruguayan football referee (b. 1939)
• 2016 – Chus Lampreave, Spanish actor (b. 1930)
• 2017 – Giovanni Sartori, Italian political scientist (b. 1924)
• 2018 – Soon-Tek Oh, South Korean-American actor, voice actor, and playwright (b. 1932)
• 2018 – John L. Sullivan, better known by the ring name Johnny Valiant, is a former American professional wrestler and manager (b. 1946)
• 2018 – Ray Wilkins, English international football player and manager (b. 1956)
• 2019 – Giorgi Danelia, Georgian film director (b. 1930)
• 2019 – Roberta Arline Haynes, American actress (b. 1927)
• 2020 – Luis Eduardo Aute Gutiérrez, Spanish singer, songwriter, film director, actor, sculptor, writer and painter (b. 1943)
• 2020 – Philippe André Eugène, Baron Bodson, Belgian politician and businessman (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Thomas John Dempsey, American Football player (b. 1947)
• 2020 – Xavier Dor, French embryologist and activist (b. 1929)
• 2020 – Leïla Menchari, Tunisian designer and decorator (b. 1927)
• 2020 – Marcel Moreau, Belgian writer (b. 1933)
• 2021 – Cheryl Gillan, British politician (b. 1952)
• 2021 – Sugako Hashida, Japanese screenwriter (b. 1925)
• 2021 – Keosaychay Sayasone, former Laos first layd (b. 1958)

Holidays and special occasions

• NATO Day
• World Flower Day
• Mine Awareness Day
• Marine Martyrs' Day
• World Stray Animal Day