Today in History: Mustafa Kemal Pasha is on the cover of Time Magazine

March 24 is the 83th day of the year (84st in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 282.

Railways

• 24 March 1926 The Arade-Diyarbakır-Ergani Line was changed to Fevzipaşa-Malatya-Ergani-Diyarbakır route. The construction of the line was given to the Danish-Swedish company Nydqvist Holm.

Events 

• 1394 – Tamerlane occupied Diyarbakir.
• 1721 – Johann Sebastian Bach presents 6 concertos he wrote for Christian Ludwig, Marquess of Brandenburg, later called the Brandenburg Concertos.
• 1882 - Robert Koch discovered the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis) announced its discovery. With this discovery, he later received the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1905.
• 1923 – Mustafa Kemal Pasha, Time was on the cover of the magazine.
• 1926 – The law, which foresees the state management of oil exploration and operation in Turkey, was accepted in the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
• 1933 – In Germany, Chancellor Hitler reached dictatorial power with the adoption of the decree on March 27, which gave him extraordinary powers to maintain order in the country, citing the Reichstag Fire that took place on February 24.
• 1938 – The Turkish flag was hoisted on the Savarona, which was purchased as a presidential yacht, in a ceremony in Southampton Port, England. Savarona, which was brought to Istanbul on 1 June, anchored in front of Dolmabahçe. Atatürk toured the yacht and inspected it.
• 1958 - Elvis Presley is drafted into the military, causing a sensation across the United States.
• 1976 - Argentine President Isabel Peron is overthrown in a bloodless coup. The Junta, consisting of Jorge Rafael Videla, Emilio Eduardo Massera and Orlando Ramón Agosti, seized power and nearly 30 people were lost during the seven-year dictatorship.
• 1978 – Prosecutor Doğan Öz was killed.
• 1998 – 250 people were killed and 3000 injured in a storm in India.
• 1999 – NATO launches an air campaign against Yugoslavia, following the conflict in Kosovo. II. Operation Allied Force, the most intense bombardment in Europe since World War II, caused Kosovo to secede from Serbia.
• 2000 – A bus belonging to Varan Turizm was hijacked with its passengers. Three people who were caught after the incident were sentenced to 36 years of heavy imprisonment.
• 2000 – The General Staff restored the rights of 1963 Military Academy students who participated in the 1459 coup attempt that resulted in the execution of Talat Aydemir 37 years later.
• 2001 – Apple company released Mac OS X 10.0 (Cheetah).
• 2006 – ETA organization in Spain declared an indefinite and permanent ceasefire.
• 2007 – Turkey defeated Greece 2008-4 in the 1 European Football Championship qualifiers.
• 2009 – The second indictment of 21 pages, prepared against 56 defendants, 1909 of whom were imprisoned, in the Ergenekon case was accepted by the Istanbul 13th High Criminal Court. In the indictment, retired Gen. Şener Eruygur and Hurşit Tolon are listed as the number one and two defendants of the case. It is requested that Eruygur and Tolon be sentenced to 3 aggravated life sentences each.
• 2015 – An Airbus A320 type passenger plane belonging to Germanwings, a subsidiary of Lufthansa, on the Barcelona-Dusseldorf flight crashed in the mountainous area of ​​the village of Méolans-Revel, located in the south of the French Alps. 144 passengers and 6 crew members lost their lives in the accident.
• The 2020 – 2020 Summer Olympics have been postponed to 2021 due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Births 

• 1494 – Georgius Agricola, German scientist (“Father of mineralogy”) (d. 1555)
• 1607 – Michiel de Ruyter, Dutch admiral (d. 1676)
• 1718 – Leopold August Abel, German violinist and composer (d. 1794)
• 1733 – Joseph Priestley, English chemist and philosopher (d. 1804)
• 1754 – Joel Barlow, American poet, diplomat, and politician (d. 1812)
• 1809 – Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and author (d. 1837)
• 1834 – William Morris, English poet and painter (d. 1896)
• 1846 Karl von Bülow, German field marshal (d. 1921)
• 1855 – Andrew W. Mellon, American businessman, industrialist, statesman, philanthropist, and art collector (d. 1937)
• 1872 – Mammad Said Ordubadi, Azerbaijani writer, poet, playwright and journalist (d. 1950)
• 1874 – Harry Houdini, American illusionist (d. 1926)
• 1874 – Selim Sırrı Tarcan, Turkish trainer, sports administrator and politician (d. 1957)
• 1874 – Luigi Einaudi, 2nd President of the Italian Republic (d. 1961)
• 1879 – Neyzen Tevfik, Turkish ney player and poet (d. 1953)
• 1884 – Peter Debye, Dutch physicist (d. 1966)
• 1886 – Edward Weston, American photographer (d. 1958)
• 1886 – Charlotte Mineau, American actress (d. 1979)
• 1886 – Robert Mallet-Stevens, French architect and designer (d. 1945)
• 1887 – Roscoe Arbuckle, American comedian (d. 1933)
• 1890 – John Rock, American obstetrician and gynecologist (d. 1984)
• 1890 – Baki Vandemir, Turkish soldier (d. 1963)
• 1891 – Charley Toorop, Dutch painter (d. 1955)
• 1891 – Sergey Vavilov, Soviet physicist (d. 1951)
• Walter Baade, German astronomer (d. 1960)
• Emmy Göring, German actress and stage performer (d. 1973)
• 1894 – Ralph Hammeras, American special effects designer, cinematographer and art director (d. 1970)
• 1897 – Wilhelm Reich, Austrian-German-American psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (d. 1973)
• 1897 – Theodora Kroeber, American author and anthropologist (d. 1979)
• 1903 – Adolf Butenandt, German biochemist (d. 1995)
• 1909 – Clyde Barrow, American outlaw (d. 1934)
• 1911 – Joseph Barbera, American cartoon producer, animator, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
• 1917 – John Kendrew, English biochemist (d. 1997)
• 1921 – Vasily Smislov, Russian chess player (d. 2010)
• 1926 – Dario Fo, Italian writer and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
• 1930 – Steve McQueen, American actor (d. 1980)
• 1935 – Rodney Bennett, British television and film director (d. 2017)
• 1937 – İsmet Nedim, Turkish musician and composer
• 1944 - Han Myeong-sook, Prime Minister of South Korea
• 1944 – Vojislav Koštunica, Prime Minister of Serbia
• 1947 – Meiko Kaji, Japanese singer and actress
• 1948 – Orhan Oğuz, Turkish filmmaker
• 1955 – Celal Şengör, Turkish geologist
• 1956 – İpek Bilgin, Turkish theater actress
• 1956 – Steve Ballmer, American businessman
• 1960 – Nena, German musician
• 1961 – Yanis Varoufakis, Greek economist and politician
• 1962 – Ömer Koç, Turkish businessman
• 1965 – The Undertaker, American wrestler
• 1970 Lara Flynn Boyle, American actress
• 1972 – Christophe Dugarry, French football player
• 1973 – Jim Parsons, American television series and film actor
• 1974 – Alyson Hannigan, American actress
• 1974 – Cenk Torun, Turkish actor
• 1977 Jessica Chastain, American actress
• 1978 – Tomáš Ujfaluši, Czech football player
• 1979 – Lake Bell, American actor, writer, and director
• 1982 – Boris Dali, Bulgarian singer
• 1984 – Park Bom is a South Korean singer.
• 1984 – Chris Bosh, American basketball player
• 1985 – Lana, American dancer, model, actress, singer, and professional wrestling manager
• 1987 - Billy Jones, English football player
• 1987 – Ramires is a Brazilian football player.
• 1989 – Aziz Shavershian, Russian-born Australian bodybuilder, personal trainer, and model (b. 2011)
• 1990 – Lacey Evans, American professional female wrestler
• 1990 – Keisha Castle-Hughes, New Zealand actress
• 1994 – Aslı Nemutlu, Turkish national skier (d. 2012)
• 1997 – Myoui Mina, Japanese singer

Deaths 

• 809 – Harun Rashid, 5th Caliph of the Abbasids (b. 763)
• 1455 – Nicholaus V, Pope (b. 1397)
• 1575 – Yosef Karo, Spanish Rabbi, Writer, Philosopher, Kabbalist (b. 1488)
• 1603 – Elizabeth I, Queen of England (b. 1533)
• 1657 – III. Parthenios, 202nd patriarch of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (b. ?)
• 1751 – János Pálffy, Hungarian Imperial Marshal (b. 1664)
• 1776 – John Harrison, English carpenter and clockmaker (b. 1693)
• 1794 – Jacques-René Hébert, French journalist and politician (b. 1757)
• 1844 – Bertel Thorvaldsen, Danish-Icelandic sculptor (b. 1770)
• 1849 – Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, German chemist (b. 1780)
• 1860 – Ii Naosuke, Japanese statesman (b. 1815)
• 1869 – Antoine-Henri Jomini, French soldier (b. 1779)
• 1882 – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American poet (b. 1807)
• 1882 – Bertall, French cartoonist, illustrator and writer (b. 1820)
• 1889 – Franciscus Cornelis Donders, Dutch physician (b. 1818)
• 1894 – Verney Lovett Cameron, English explorer (b. 1844)
• 1901 – İsmail Safa, Turkish writer (b. 1867)
• 1905 – Jules Verne, French writer (b. 1828)
• 1909 – John Millington Synge, Irish playwright (b. 1871)
• 1910 – Šimun Milinović, Croatian cleric (b. 1835)
• 1916 – Enrique Granados, Spanish pianist and composer (b. 1867)
• 1934 – William Joseph Hammer, American electrical engineer (b. 1858)
• 1946 – Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (b. 1892)
• 1948 – Nikolay Berdyayev, Russian theologian and philosopher (leading Christian existentialism) sözcü(b. 1874)
• 1950 – Harold Joseph Laski, English political scientist and politician (b. 1893)
• 1953 – Mary Teck, Queen of the United Kingdom (b. 1867)
• 1955 – Otto Gessler, German politician (b. 1875)
• 1962 – Auguste Piccard, Swiss physicist (b. 1884)
• 1968 – Alice Guy-Blaché, French film director and producer (b. 1873)
• 1968 – Arnaldo Foschini, Italian architect and academic (b. 1884)
• 1969 – Joseph Kasavubu, first President of the Republic of the Congo (b. 1910, 1913, 1915, 1917)
• 1971 – Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect and designer (b. 1902)
• 1971 – Müfide Ferit Tek, Turkish novelist (b. 1892)
• 1976 – Bernard Montgomery, British soldier (b. 1887)
• 1978 – Doğan Öz, Turkish lawyer and Turkish Public Prosecutor (b. 1934)
• 1980 – Óscar Romero, El Salvadoran Catholic priest (b. 1917)
• 1984 – Sam Jaffe, American actor (b. 1891)
• 1986 – Ertuğrul Yeşiltepe, Turkish journalist (b. 1933)
• 1987 – Ekrem Zeki Ün, Turkish composer (b. 1910)
• 1988 – Turhan Feyzioğlu, Turkish lawyer and politician (b. 1922)
• 1995 – Joseph Needham, British biochemist, historian and sinologist (b. 1900)
• 1999 – Gertrud Scholtz-Klink was an ardent NSDAP member and NS-Frauenschaft leader in Nazi Germany (b. 1902)
• 2002 – César Milstein, Argentine biochemist (b. 1927)
• 2008 – Neil Aspinall, British music company executive (b. 1941)
• 2008 – Olcay Tiryaki, Turkish internal medicine specialist and academic (b. 1955)
• 2008 – Richard Widmark, American actor (b. 1914)
• 2010 – Robert Culp, American actor, copywriter, and director (b. 1930)
• 2015 – Oleg Bryjak, Kazakh-German opera singer (b. 1960)
• 2015 – Maria Radner, German opera singer (b. 1981)
• 2016 – Maggie Blye, American actress (b. 1942)
• 2016 – Johan Cruyff, Dutch football player and manager (b. 1947)
• 2016 – Roger Cicero, Romanian pianist (b. 1970)
• 2016 – Esther Herlitz, Israeli diplomat and politician (b. 1921)
• 2016 – Zafer Koç, Turkish football player (b. 1965)
• 2016 – Garry Shandling, American comedian, actor, writer, producer, and director (b. 1949)
• 2017 – Leo Peelen, Dutch former cyclist (b. 1968)
• 2017 – Jean Rouverol, American actor, writer, and screenwriter (b. 1916)
• 2017 – Avraham Sharir, Israeli politician and former minister (b. 1932)
• 2018 – José Antonio Abreu, Venezuelan conductor, educator, pianist, economist, activist, and politician (b. 1939)
• 2018 – Lys Assia, Swiss singer (b. 1924)
• 2018 – Rim Banna, Palestinian singer, composer, arranger and activist (b. 1966)
• 2018 – Arnaud Beltrame, rank in French gendarmerie (b. 1973)
• 2018 – Bernie De Koven, American video game designer, author, lecturer, and entertainment theorist (b. 1941)
• 2019 – Pancracio Celdrán, Spanish educator, writer, historian and journalist (b. 1942)
• 2019 – Nancy Gates is an American film and television actress (b. 1926)
• 2019 – Joseph Pilato, American actor and voice actor (b. 1949)
• 2020 – Lorenzo Acquarone, Italian lawyer, academic and politician (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Nihat Akbay, former Turkish national football player (b. 1945)
• 2020 – Romi Cohn, Czechoslovak-born American rabbi (b. 1929)
• 2020 – Manu Dibango, Cameroonian musician and songwriter (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Steven Dick, Scottish diplomat and politician (b. 1982)
• 2020 – David Edwards, former professional basketball player (b. 1971)
• 2020 – Mohamed Farah, Somali national football player (b. 1961)
• 2020 – Alan Finder, American journalist (b. 1948)
• 2020 – Terrence McNally, American playwright and screenwriter (b. 1938)
• 2020 – John F. Murray, American pulmonologist (b. 1927)
• 2020 – Jenny Polanco, Dominican fashion designer (b. 1958)
• 2020 – Ignacio Trelles, Mexican football player and manager (b. 1916)
• 2020 – Albert Uderzo, French comics artist and screenwriter (b. 1927)
• 2021 – Jean Baudlot, French singer (b. 1947)
• 2021 – Enrique Chazarreta, Argentine national football player (b. 1947)
• 2021 – Haroldo Lima, Brazilian politician and anti-dictatorship activist (b. 1939)
• 2021 – Anna Kostivna Lypkivska, Ukrainian theater critic, journalist and writer (b. 1967)
• 2021 – Vlasta Velisavljević, Serbian actor (b. 1926)
• 2021 – Jessica Walter, American actress (b. 1941)

Holidays and special occasions 

• World Day Against Tuberculosis