Today in History: The Ottoman State Signed the Treaty of Karlowitz

January 26 is the 26nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 339.

Railways

• 26 January 1925 The law no 548 on construction and operation of Ereğli Karadere.
• 26 January 2017 1915 The tender for the Çanakkale Bridge was concluded. Daelim-Limak-SK-Yapı Merkezi won the tender
• 1921 – Istanbul Tram workers went on strike.

Events

• 66 – 5th recorded pass of Halley's Comet near Earth.
• 1340 - King of England III. Edward proclaimed himself King of France.
• 1531 – Strong earthquake in Lisbon (Portugal); thousands of people died.
• 1699 – The Ottoman Empire signed the Treaty of Karlowitz.
• 1700 – A magnitude 9 earthquake (Cascadian earthquake) struck the west coast of North America.
• 1785 - Benjamin Franklin, in a letter to his daughter, expressed his disappointment at the choice of the eagle as the symbol of the United States. Franklin was thinking about the turkey.
• 1788 - British navy off the coast of Sydney. The permanent settlement of Europeans began.
• 1837 - Michigan joins the United States as the 26th state.
• 1861 - The state of Louisiana seceded from the United States.
• 1870 - Virginia rejoins the United States.
• 1905 – The world's largest diamond, worth 3,106 carats, was found in Pretoria (South Africa). The diamond was named "Cullinan". The world's largest diamond with 9 carats, 530.2 faces, named “The Great Star of Africa”, obtained from the diamond cut into 74 pieces, was placed on the British crown.
• 1911 – Richard Strauss' opera Der Rosenkavalier is staged for the first time.
• 1911 - Pilot Glenn H. Curtiss flew the first seaplane.
• 1926 - Invention of television.
• 1931 - Mahatma Gandhi is released in India.
• 1931 – An investigation was opened against Kızıl İstanbul newspaper.
• 1934 - Apollo Theater opens in Harlem (New York).
• 1934 - Non-aggression pact signed between Germany and Poland.
• 1939 – Spanish Civil War: Nationalist forces loyal to General Francisco Franco capture the city of Barcelona with the help of the Italians.
• 1942 – II. World War II: First American troops on European soil (Northern Ireland).
• 1946 - Félix Gouin is elected Prime Minister of France.
• 1948 – National Protection Courts were abolished.
• 1950 - The Indian constitution was adopted. Republic was proclaimed. The world's most populous democracy was established.
• 1953 – The Customs Cooperation Council held its first meeting.
• 1956 – Winter Olympics started in Cortina d'Ampezzo (Italy).
• 1958 – Classical music composer Bülent Arel's “Five Sonnets” was performed for the first time.
• 1959 – Fethi Giraygil, owner and Editor-in-Chief of Ankara Telegraph newspaper, was imprisoned in Ankara Prison. Giraygil was sentenced to 17 days in prison.
• 1959 – The Baghdad Pact Council met in Karachi. Prime Minister Adnan Menderes and Foreign Minister Fatin Rüştü Zorlu attended the meeting on behalf of Turkey.
• 1962 – Ranger 3 satellite, launched to bring scientific instruments to the Moon, could pass only 35.000 km away from the Moon.
• 1965 - Hindi becomes the official language of India.
• 1966 – He started working on establishing “peasant markets” in various districts of Istanbul. The aim was that the public could eat vegetables and fruits cheaper.
• 1969 – Alparslan Türkeş, Chairman of the Republican Peasant Nation Party, said “The movement has begun” at the Istanbul Provincial Youth Congress.
• 1970 – Necmettin Erbakan and 17 of his friends founded the National Order Party.
• 1972 – The execution file of Deniz Gezmiş, Yusuf Aslan and Hüseyin İnan was sent to the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
• 1973 – Çetin Altan, Doğan Koloğlu, Alpay Kabacalı, İrfan Derman and Yaşar Kemal, who were imprisoned for intellectual crimes, were tried.
• 1974 – Republican People's Party - National Salvation Party coalition government took office under Bülent Ecevit's Prime Ministry.
• 1974 – Turkish Airlines' Van passenger plane crashed at Izmir Cumaovası Airport, 100 meters from the runway; 63 people died.
• 1978 – Turkish Industrialists' and Businessmen's Association (TÜSİAD) President Feyyaz Berker and Board Member Rahmi Koç, 141.,142. of the Turkish Penal Code (TCK). They demanded that Articles 163 and XNUMX be removed.
• 1979 – Ankara Martial Law Command stopped the works of Pol-Der, Pol-Bir, Pol-Ens and Tem-Der.
• 1980 – Diplomatic relations began between Israel and Egypt.
• 1984 – The case of the Workers' Party of Turkey was concluded; 102 people were sentenced to various prison sentences.
• 1986 - Halley's Comet is visible at night. It completes a 76-year orbit around the sun.
• 1988 – The Phantom of the Opera musical was staged for the first time.
• 1992 – For the first time after September 12, a civil servant protest was organized. 5 thousand civil servants participated in the action in Istanbul.
• 1992 - Boris Yeltsin announces that Russia will stop targeting American cities with nuclear missiles.
• 1993 – Václav Havel is elected President of the Czech Republic.
• 1996 - American murderer John Albert Taylor was executed by shooting in Utah.
• 1998 – Monica Lewinsky scandal: United States President Bill Clinton denies having an affair with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky.
• 1998 - Compaq acquires Digital Equipment Corporation.
• 2001 – Earthquake in Gujarat (India): More than 20.000 people died.
• 2004 – Hamid Karzai signs Afghanistan's new constitution.
• 2005 - Condoleezza Rice becomes the first black female Secretary of State of the United States.
• 2006 – Prime Minister Ahmed Qurei resigns when it is understood that Hamas has won 132 of the 76 seats in the parliament in the elections held in Palestine.
• 2006 – The World Economic Forum met in Davos (Switzerland).
• 2008 – Retired Brigadier General Veli Küçük, retired Staff Colonel Mehmet Fikri Karadağ, who was referred to the court as part of the investigation regarding the explosives seized in Ümraniye, Susurluk Case convict Sami Hoştan, lawyer Kemal Kerinçsiz, Turkish Orthodox Patriarchate Press and Public Relations Sözcüü Sevgi Erenerol, Hüseyin Görüm, Hüseyin Gazi Oğuz and Oğuz Alparslan Abdülkadir were arrested.
• 2011 – TURKSTAT updated the inflation basket. The 2011 CPI basket consisted of 445 items. As a result of the update, tram fare and Super Lotto were included in the 2011 basket, woolen cloth, women's coat and waste garbage were removed from the basket.

Births

• 1205 – Lizong, 14th emperor of China's Song Dynasty (d. 1264)
• 1714 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (d. 1785)
• 1739 – Charles-François du Périer Dumouriez, French general during the French Revolutionary Wars (d. 1823)
• 1763 – XIV. Karl, first French king of Sweden and Norway (d. 1844)
• 1781 Achim von Arnim, German poet (d. 1831)
• 1818 – Amédée de Noé, French cartoonist and lithographer (d. 1879)
• 1840 – Édouard Vaillant, French revolutionary, publisher, politician, and member of the Paris Commune of 1871 (d. 1915)
• 1861 – Louis Anquetin, French painter (d. 1932)
• 1863 – Feridun Bey Köçerli, Azerbaijani writer, philologist and literary critic (d. 1920)
• 1865 – Sabino de Arana, theorist of Basque nationalism (d. 1903)
• 1880 Douglas MacArthur, American general (d. 1964)
• 1884 – Edward Sapir, American linguist and ethnologist (d. 1939)
• 1891 – Ilya Ehrenburg, Soviet writer and journalist (d. 1967)
• 1893 – Christian Arhoff, Danish stage and film actor (d. 1973)
• 1904 – Seán MacBride, Irish statesman and 1974 Nobel Peace Prize winner d. 1988)
• 1906 – Zühtü Müridoğlu, Turkish sculptor (d. 1992)
• 1908 – Jill Esmond, English film and stage actress (d. 1990)
• 1911 – Polykarp Kusch, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 1993)
• 1914 – Dürrüşehvar Sultan, daughter of the last Ottoman caliph Abdülmecid Efendi (d. 2006)
• 1918 – Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of Romania (d. 1989)
• 1921 – Akio Morita, Japanese businessman and founder of Sony (d. 1999)
• 1925 – Paul Newman, American actor and director (d. 2008)
• 1928 – Roger Vadim, French film director (d. 2000)
• 1932 – Alain David, French athlete
• 1934 – André Lewin, French diplomat (d. 2012)
• 1940 – Ayten Gökçer, Turkish cinema and theater actress
• 1944 – Angela Davis, American black female revolutionary, philosopher, humanist, and author (famous for her defense in trials in which she was accused of being a member of a secret organization between 1970-1972)
• 1945 – Jacqueline du Pré, English cellist (d. 1987)
• 1946 – Michel Delpech, French singer, composer and actor (d. 2016)
• 1947 – Argyris Koulouris, Greek guitarist and musician
• 1950 – Jörg Haider, Austrian politician (d. 2008)
• 1955 – Eddie Van Halen, Dutch musician, songwriter, and producer (d. 2020)
• 1958 - Ellen DeGeneres, American actress and comedian
• 1958 - Gleb Nosovski, Russian mathematician and co-author of the New Chronology
• 1959 – Nuri Bilge Ceylan, Turkish film director, screenwriter and photographer
• 1962 – Ricky Harris, American actor and comedian (d. 2016)
• 1963 – José Mourinho, Portuguese coach
• 1971 – Aygun Kazimova, Azerbaijani ex-athlete, singer, composer, actor and producer
• 1978 – Sinan Caliskanoglu, Turkish cinema, theater, advertising and TV series actor
• 1980 – Ertuğrul Arslan, Turkish football player
• 1986 – Mustapha Yatabare, Malian football player
• 1990 – Sergio Pérez, Mexican Formula 1 driver
• 1991 – Nicolò Melli, Italian basketball player
• 1992 - Colton Underwood, American football player
• 1997 – Gedion Zelalem, German-born American football player
• 2000 – Ester Expósito, Spanish actress

Deaths

• 1640 – Jindřich Matyáš Thurn, Czech nobleman (b. 1567)
• 1752 – Jean François de Troy, French Rococo painter and tapestry designer (b. 1679)
• 1823 – Edward Jenner, English physician (inventor of Smallpox vaccine) (b. 1749)
• 1824 – Théodore Géricault, French painter and lithographer (b. 1791)
• 1828 – Caroline Lamb, English noblewoman and author (b. 1785)
• 1839 – Jens Esmark, Danish-Norwegian professor of mineralogy (b. 1763)
• 1855 – Gerard de Nerval, French poet and writer (forerunner of Romanticism) (suicide) (b. 1808)
• 1875 – George Finlay, Scottish historian (b. 1799)
• 1879 – Julia Margaret Cameron, English photographer (b. 1815)
• 1885 – Charles George Gordon, British general (b. 1833)
• 1895 – Arthur Cayley, English mathematician (b. 1821)
• 1922 – Luigi Denza, Italian composer (b. 1846)
• 1948 – Musa Kazim Karabekir. Turkish soldier, National Struggle Hero and politician (b. 1882)
• 1952 – Horloogiyn Choibalsan, Mongolian communist politician and field marshal (b. 1895)
• 1962 – Lucky Luciano, American gangster (b. 1897)
• 1973 – Edward G. Robinson, American actor (b. 1893)
• 1979 – Nelson A. Rockefeller, American businessman, politician, and 41st Vice President of the United States (b. 1908)
• 1985 – Kenny Clarke, American jazz drummer (b. 1914)
• 1992 – José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor and director (b. 1909)
• 2000 – Alfred Elton van Vogt, American science fiction writer (b. 1912)
• 2003 – Annemarie Schimmel, German Islamic scholar (b. 1922)
• 2003 – Valeri Brumel, Russian high jumper (b. 1942)
• 2008 – Christian Brando, American actor (son of Marlon Brando) (b. 1958)
• 2016 – Colin Vearncombe, stage name Black, English singer considered one of the pop stars of the 1980s (b. 1962)
• 2016 – Abe Vigoda, American film and TV actor (b. 1921)
• 2017 – Ramdas Agarwal, Indian politician (b. 1937)
• 2018 – Igor Zhukov, Russian pianist, conductor and sound engineer (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Gerry Plamondon, Canadian professional ice hockey player (b. 1924)
• 2020 – Kobe Bryant, American professional basketball player (b. 1978)
• 2021 – Jozef Vengloš, Czechoslovak football player and manager (b. 1936)
• 2021 – Winfried Bölke, German racing cyclist (b. 1941)
• 2021 – Hana Maciuchová, Czech theater, film and television actress (b. 1945)
• 2021 – Carlos Holmes Trujillo, Colombian politician, diplomat, scientist, and lawyer (b. 1951)

Holidays and special occasions

• World Customs Day