Today in History: The First Paper Money of the Republic Period Was Issued

December 5 is the 339th day of the year (340th in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 26.

Railways

• 5 December 2003 The first part of the Ankara-Istanbul High Speed ​​Train Project started in Esenkent-Eskişehir (206 km) infrastructure works.
• 5 December 1989 TGV Atlantique broke the rail speed record by reaching 482,4 km / h.

Events

• 1360 - First franc, King of France II, captured by the English. Printed in Compiègne to pay the ransom for Jean. Its weight was 3.88 grams, with a cross on one side and a horse riding on the other side. There was a depiction of Jean.
• 1492 - Christopher Columbus discovered the island of Hispaniola.
• 1904 - The Japanese destroyed the Russian fleet at Port Arthur.
• 1920 – “Anatolia and Rumelia Defense Law Group” was established in the Turkish Grand National Assembly; Mustafa Kemal was elected as the Group President.
• 1927 – The first Ambassador of the Republic of Turkey to Washington, Ahmet Muhtar Mollaoğlu presented his letter of credence.
• 1927 – The first paper money of the Republican period was put into circulation. The banknotes, which were issued in 1 different denominations, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 7 lira, were printed in old Turkish and French.
• 1932 – German-born Swiss physicist, Albert Einstein He got an American visa.
• 1933 – The 14-year prohibition of alcohol is lifted in the United States.
• 1933 – Eskişehir Sugar Factory was opened.
• 1934 – The law granting women the right to elect and be elected as a member of parliament was passed in Turkey.
• 1941 – United Kingdom; Finland declared war on Hungary and Romania.
• 1942 – 500 people died in the earthquake in Erbaa and Niksar.
• 1945 – An airplane was lost in the Bermuda Triangle.
• 1950 – The Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of Turkey announced that 10% of the soldiers in Korea were killed. According to the Radio Newspaper, there are 150 soldiers killed, 150 missing, 200 to 300 wounded.
• 1951 – The International Organization for Migration (IOM) was founded. Its first organizational name was the "Provisional Intergovernmental Committee on Migrants".
• 1953 – Bektashi Sheikh Sırrı Baba was deported by the decision of the Council of Ministers.
• 1957 - Sukarno expels all Dutch from Indonesia.
• 1970 – 2 students were shot in Istanbul Capa Higher Teacher Training School.
• 1978 - The Soviet Union signed a 20-year friendship treaty with Afghanistan.
• 1981 – Turkey national basketball team became the Balkan Champion by beating Greece 93-80 in Sofia.
• 1986 – Pınar Kür's “Endless Love” was confiscated on the grounds of “obscenity”.
• 1987 – The General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Turkey (TİP) Nihat Sargın and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Turkey (TKP) Nabi Yağcı (Haydar Kutlu) were arrested.
• 1987 – Cibali Tobacco Factory burned down.
• 1989 – TGV Atlantique broke the railway speed record by reaching 482,4 km/h.
• 1995 – MHP Chairman Alparslan Türkeş demanded the resignation of Nusret Demiral, the former Chief Prosecutor of the State Security Court, who said, “Let the adhan be read in Turkish as in the early days of our Republic”.
• 2002 – In the peace talks held in Oslo, after 19 years of war in Sri Lanka, progress was made on federal power sharing between Tamil guerrillas and the Government.
• 2003 – Suicide bombers attack a train in southern Russia: at least 46 people are killed.
• 2003 – Türk Telekomünikasyon AŞ launched ADSL, the fast internet application.
• 2016 – Turkey's Göktürk-1 satellite was launched from French Guiana.

Births

• 1443 – II. Julius, Pope who served between 1503 and 1513 (d. 1513)
• 1479 – Ayşe Hafsa Sultan, the first Valide Sultan (d. 1534)
• 1537 – Ashikaga Yoshiaki, 15th and last shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate (d. 1597)
• 1782 – Martin Van Buren, 8th President of the United States (d. 1862)
• 1803 – Fyodor Ivanovich, Russian poet, diplomat (d. 1873)
• 1830 - Christina Rossetti, English poet (d. 1894)
• 1839 – George Armstrong Custer, American soldier and cavalry commander (d. 1876)
• 1859 – John Jellicoe, Royal Navy officer (d. 1935)
• 1861 - Konstantin Korovin was a Russian Impressionist painter (d. 1939)
• 1863 – Paul Painlevé, French politician and mathematician (d. 1933)
• 1867 – Józef Piłsudski, first president of the Second Polish Republic (1918-1922) (d. 1935)
• 1868 – Arnold Sommerfeld, German physicist (d. 1951)
• 1870 – Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer and pedagogue (d. 1949)
• 1879 – Clyde Vernon Cessna, American aircraft manufacturer (d. 1954)
• 1890 – Fritz Lang, Austrian director (creator of the movie Metropolis) (d. 1976)
• 1894 – Charles Robberts Swart, South African lawyer and politician (d. 1982)
• 1896 – Carl Ferdinand Cori, Czech biochemist and pharmacologist (d. 1984)
• 1897 – Gershom Scholem, German-born Israeli philosopher and historian (d. 1982)
• 1898 – Grace Moore, American opera soprano and musical theater and film actress (d. 1947)
• 1901 – Walt Disney, American film producer (d. 1966)
• 1901 – Werner Heisenberg, German physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 1976)
• 1902 – Vasfi Rıza Zobu, Turkish theater and cinema artist (d. 1992)
• 1903 – Cecil Frank Powell, English physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 1969)
• 1903 – Johannes Heesters, Dutch actor, singer, and comedian (d. 2011)
• 1905 – Otto Preminger, Austrian-born American film director (d. 1986)
• 1907 – Lin Biao, Chinese soldier and politician (d. 1971)
• 1911 – Władysław Szpilman, Polish pianist (d. 2000)
• 1912 – Sonny Boy Williamson II, American singer and composer (d. 1965)
• 1920 – Muhsin Batur, Turkish soldier and politician (d. 1999)
• 1925 – Anastasio Somoza Debayle, President of Nicaragua (d. 1980)
• 1927 – Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (d. 2016)
• 1927 – Erich Probst, Austrian football player (d. 1988)
• 1932 – Sheldon Lee Glashow, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics
• 1935 – Bozkurt Kuruç, Turkish theater artist
• 1938 – Heidi Schmid, German fencer
• 1939 – Mehmet Akan, Turkish theater and film actor (d. 2006)
• 1944 – Lucas Sideras, Greek musician
• 1945 – Moshe Katsav, 8th President of Israel
• 1946 – José Carreras, Catalan tenor
• 1946 – Andy Kim is a Lebanese-Arab-Canadian pop singer and composer.
• 1947 – Bruce Golding, a Jamaican politician who was Prime Minister of Jamaica from 2007 to 2011
• 1954 – Gülşen Bubikoğlu, Turkish film actress
• 1955 – Koray Aydın, Turkish politician
• 1956 - Klaus Allofs is a former German football player.
• 1962 – Nivek Ogre, Canadian musician, performance artist, and actor
• 1962 – Fred Rutten, Dutch manager and former football player
• 1963 – Carrie Hamilton, American singer, actress, and writer (d. 2002)
• 1966 – Demet Sağıroğlu, Turkish musician
• 1966 – Patricia Kaas, French singer and actress
• 1968 – Margaret Cho, Korean-American comedian, producer, dubbing artist, and actress
• 1970 – Saba Tümer, Turkish presenter
• 1975 – Paula Patton, American actress
• 1975 – Ronnie O'Sullivan, English professional snooker player
• 1976 – Amy Acker, American film and television actress
• 1978 – Neil Druckmann is an Israeli-American video game writer, creative director, and programmer.
• 1978 – Irina Tebenikhina, Russian volleyball player
• 1978 - Marcelo Zalayeta, Uruguayan football player
• 1979 - Matteo Ferrari, Italian football player
• 1979 – Gareth McAuley, Northern Irish national football player
• 1980 – Ibrahim Maalouf, Lebanese trumpet virtuoso and composer
• 1982 – Keri Hilson, American R&B artist and songwriter
• 1985 – Frankie Muniz is an Emmy and Golden Globe nominated American actress.
• 1987 – James Argent, British TV personality
• 1989 – Kwon Yuri, South Korean singer and actress
• 1991 - Jacopo Sala is an Italian football player.
• 1993 – Ross Barkley, English international football player
• Alexandra Beaton, Canadian actress
• Ondrej Duda, Slovak football player
• 1995 – Anthony Martial, French national football player

Deaths

• 1560 – II. François, 10 July 1558 – 5 December 1560, king of France (b. 1544)
• 1791 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer (b. 1756)
• 1870 – Alexandre Dumas père, French writer (b. 1802)
• 1891 – II. Pedro was the second and last ruler of the Brazilian Empire (b. 1825)
• 1893 – Matsudaira Katamori, Japanese daimyō (b. 1836)
• 1911 – Valentin Serov, Russian painter (b. 1865)
• 1921 – Said Halim Pasha, Ottoman statesman (b. 1864)
• 1925 – Wladyslaw Reymont, Polish writer (b. 1867)
• 1926 – Claude Monet, French painter (b. 1840)
• 1930 – Musa Kazım Göksu, Turkish politician (b. 1897)
• 1934 – Ali Cenani, Turkish politician (deputy in the Ottoman Parliament and Parliament) (b. 1872)
• 1945 – Suphi Nuri İleri, Turkish journalist, economist and professor (b. 1887)
• 1951 – Abanindranath Tagore, Indian writer (b. 1871)
• 1955 – Glenn L. Martin, American aviation pioneer (b. 1886)
• 1965 – Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist (b. 1874)
• 1967 – Fazıl Ahmet Aykaç, Turkish poet, teacher and Member of Parliament (b. 1884)
• 1969 – Alice, Princess of Battenberg (b. 1885)
• 1971 – Andrey Andreyev, Soviet politician, minister (b. 1895)
• 1973 – Robert Watson-Watt, Scottish engineer and inventor of radar (b. 1892)
• 1977 – Aleksandr Vasilevsky, Russian soldier, Marshal of the Soviet Union. (b. 1895)
• 1983 – Robert Aldrich, American film director (b. 1918)
• 1986 – Nezahat Tanyeri, Turkish theater and cinema artist (b. 1917)
• 1988 – Ağasadık Geraybeyli, Azerbaijani filmmaker (b. 1897)
• 1998 – Erhan Akyıldız, Turkish journalist (b. 1947)
• 2002 – Ne Win, Burmese dictator (b. 1910)
• 2007 – Tankut Öktem, Turkish sculptor (b. 1940)
• 2007 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German classical music and opera composer (b. 1928)
• 2008 – II. Alexi, Head of the Russian Orthodox Church (b. 1929)
• 2008 – Nina Foch, Dutch-born American actress, educator, and film director (b. 1924)
• 2008 – Beverly Garland, American actress (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Dave Brubeck, was an American jazz pianist and composer (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Oscar Niemeyer, Brazilian architect (b. 1907)
• 2013 – Çetin Akcan, Turkish theater director, actor and lyricist (b. 1949)
• 2013 – Fikret Tartan, Turkish theater director and actor (b. 1937)
• 2013 – Nelson Mandela, South African politician and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1918)
• 2014 – Fabiola, former queen of Belgium (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Talat Sait Halman, Turkish poet, writer, translator, academic, diplomat and politician (Turkey's first Minister of Culture) (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Adolf Burger, Slovak Jew, typographer, memoirist (b. 1917)
• 2016 – Petros Fyssoun, Greek theater, film and television actor (b. 1933)
• 2016 – Jayalalithaa, Indo-Tamil female politician and actress (b. 1948)
• 2016 – Chonosuke Takagi, Japanese judoka (born 1948)
• 2017 – August Ames, Canadian porn star (b. 1994)
• 2017 – Mihai I, II. King of Romania during World War II (b. 1921)
• 2018 – Alex Boraine, South African politician (b. 1931)
• 2018 – Thor Hansen is a Norwegian professional poker player (b. 1947)
• 2019 – Jon Comer, American professional amputee skateboarder (b. 1976)
• 2020 – Peter Alliss, English former professional golfer, television presenter, commentator, author and golf course designer (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Sherbaz Khan Mazari, Pakistani politician (b. 1930)
• 2020 – Ildikó Pécsi, Hungarian actress and politician (b. 1940)
• 2020 – Viktor Ponedelnik, former Soviet international football player (b. 1937)
• 2020 – Theodore Ziolkowski, specialist in German language and literature and comparative literature (b. 1932)

Holidays and special occasions

• World Economic and Social Development Volunteers Day
• World Volunteers Day
• World Women's Rights Day
• World Leo Day
• World Ninja Day
• World Soil Day
• Thailand: National Day, Father's Day
• World Turkish Coffee Day
• Engineers Day (in Turkey)