Today in History: Istanbul Darülfünunu was opened as Istanbul University

November 18 is the 322th day of the year (323th in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 43.

Railways

• In the report prepared on 18 November 1919, 1 train train carrying German and Austrian soldiers sent to their homeland has been inactive in Afyon for 3 days due to coallessness, 1 train train carrying dismissed soldiers stayed in Eskisehir, while 95-100 wagons were food along the railways. It is reported that there is not even 1 gram of coal left on the line where it could not be brought.
• 18 November 1936 Çatalağzı-Filyos Line (15 km) was opened.

Events 

• 1583 – The Jesuits who settled in the Saint Benoit Church in Galata, St. They opened the Benoit school.
• 1601 – The Ottoman Army under the command of Tiryaki Hasan Pasha defeated the Crusader Army and won the Kanije Victory.
• 1912 – A cholera epidemic started in Istanbul.
• 1913 – Belkıs Şevket Hanım became the first woman to have the courage to ride a single-engine open-top airplane. Belkıs Hanım was sending greetings to the members of the Ottoman Defense of Law in the cards she threw down while flying over Istanbul.
• 1918 – Latvia declared its independence from the Russian Empire.
• 1922 – The Turkish Grand National Assembly elected Abdülmecid Efendi as the caliph.
• 1927 – Ankara Radio started broadcasting.
• 1928 – The cartoon Mickey Mouse (Mickey Maus) created by Walt Disney was shown for the first time.
• 1931 - The Japanese occupied Manchuria.
• 1933 – Istanbul Darülfünunu was opened as Istanbul University.
• 1936 – Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini recognize the Provisional Government established by General Franco in Spain.
• 1937 – The Dersim Rebellion was suppressed.
• 1940 - The Council of Ministers decided to blackout at night in all cities and towns against air attacks.
• 1945 - Doğan Kardeş Art Performances'The first one was held at Tepebaşı Children's Theatre.
• 1945 – Patriotic Front led by Communist Party wins elections in Bulgaria.
• 1953 – Feriha Sanerk became the first woman to be promoted to the Police Department.
• 1960 – Turkish Standards Institute was established.
• 1967 - Turkish jets flew low over Cyprus. The conflict between the Turks and the Greeks in the Erenköy region under the control of the UN Peacekeeping Force lasted for 7 hours.
• 1976 – After 37 years of dictatorship in Spain, it was decided to establish democracy.
• 1978 - 913 members of the People's Temple, led by Jim Jones, committed suicide.
• 1983 – The UN Security Council did not recognize the TRNC.
• 1992 – Code of Criminal Procedure was adopted.
• 1999 – At the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Summit in Istanbul, agreements regarding the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline and Caspian transit natural gas projects were signed by the Heads of State of the relevant countries.
• 2007 – Zasyadko mining disaster: 101 miners lost their lives in a mining accident in the Donetsk region of eastern Ukraine.

Births 

• 709 – Kōnin, 49th emperor of Japan in the traditional succession order (d. 782)
• 1647 – Pierre Bayle, French philosopher (d. 1706)
• 1773 – Tokugawa Ienari, 11th Tokugawa Shogun (d. 1841)
• 1786 Carl Maria von Weber, German composer (d. 1826)
• 1787 – Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre, French artist and chemist (d. 1851)
• 1810 – Asa Gray, American botanist (d. 1888)
• 1828 – John Langdon Down, English physician (d. 1896)
• 1856 – Nikolai Nikolayevich Romanov, Russian general (d. 1929)
• 1860 – Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Polish pianist and composer (d. 1941)
• 1882 – Jacques Maritain, French philosopher (d. 1973)
• 1886 – Ferenc Münnich, Hungarian politician (d. 1967)
• 1887 – Hasan Basri Cantay, Turkish journalist, commentator of the Qur'an, politician and 1st Term Deputy of TBBM (d. 1964)
• 1888 – Frances Marion, American journalist, author, and playwright (d. 1973)
• 1889 Stanislav Kosior, Soviet statesman (d. 1939)
• 1891 – Gio Ponti, Italian architect and designer (d. 1979)
• 1897 – Patrick Blackett, English physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 1974)
• 1898 – Joris Ivens, Dutch documentary filmmaker and director (d. 1989)
• 1901 Craig Wood, American golfer (d. 1968)
• 1906 – Sait Faik Abasıyanık, Turkish short story writer (d. 1954)
• 1906 – Sir Alec Issigonis, English automobile designer and founder of MINI (BMW) (d. 1988)
• 1906 Klaus Mann, German writer (d. 1949)
• 1906 George Wald, American scientist (d. 1997)
• 1908 – Imogene Coca was an American comic actress (d. 2001)
• 1911 – Attilio Bertolucci, Italian poet and writer (d. 2000)
• 1917 Pedro Infante, Mexican actor (d. 1957)
• 1918 – İlhan Berk, Turkish poet (d. 2008)
• 1923 – Alan Shepard, American astronaut (first American in space) (d. 1998)
• 1938 – Norbert Ratsirahonana, Malagasy politician
• 1939 Margaret Atwood, Canadian writer, poet, and critic
• 1939 – Amanda Lear, French singer, songwriter, painter, television presenter, actress, and former model
• 1939 – Brenda Vaccaro, American comedian and actress
• 1941 – David Hemmings, English actor and film director (d. 2003)
• 1942 – Linda Evans is an American actress.
• 1943 – Zühtü Bayar, Turkish poet and writer (d. 2011)
• 1945 – Mahinda Rajapaksa, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician
• 1946 – Chris Rainbow, Scottish rock singer (d. 2015)
• 1947 – Jameson Parker, American actor
• 1951 – Justin Raimondo, American author, politician, and editor (d. 2019)
• 1952 Delroy Lindo is an English-American actor.
• 1953 – Alan Moore, English writer and cartoonist
• 1953 – Kevin Nealon, American comedian, actor, and voice actor
• 1955 – Carter Burwell, American soundtrack composer
• 1955 – Altan Erkekli, Turkish cinema, theater and TV series actor
• 1957 – Ali Nesin, Turkish mathematician
• 1960 - Elizabeth Perkins, an American actress
• 1960 – Yeşim Ustaoğlu, Turkish filmmaker, film director, screenwriter and producer
• 1960 – Kim Wilde, English pop singer
• 1961 Steven Moffat is a Scottish screenwriter and producer.
• 1963 - Len Bias was an American basketball player
• 1963 – Marilyne Canto, French actress
• 1963 – Kirk Hammett, American musician and Metallica guitarist
• 1963 – Peter Schmeichel, Danish former national goalkeeper
• 1965 – Bülent Serttaş, Turkish folk music artist, songwriter and actor
• 1967 – Caroline Proust, French actress
• 1968 – Owen Wilson, American actor and screenwriter
• 1970 – Mike Epps, American comedian, actor, and voice actor
• 1970 – Megyn Kelly, American TV presenter
• 1970 – Peta Wilson, Australian actress
• 1971 – Özlem Tekin, Turkish rock music artist
• 1974 – Dilek İmamoğlu, Mayor of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Ekrem İmamoğlu's wife
• 1974 – Chloë Sevigny, Academy Award and Golden Globe Award-nominated American actress and former model
• 1975 – Şule Zeybek, Turkish presenter
• 1976 – Shagrath is a Norwegian musician
• 1976 – Matt Welsh is an Australian swimmer.
• 1978 – Ebru Özkan, Turkish actress
• 1980 – Luke Chadwick is an English former international footballer.
• 1980 – Minori Chihara, Japanese voice actor and singer
• 1983 – Michael Dawson is an English footballer.
• 1984 – Johnny Christ, American musician and bass guitarist of Avenged Sevenfold
• 1985 – Allyson Felix, American sprinter
• 1987 – Jake Abel, American actor
• 1992 - Nathan Kress, American actor

Deaths 

• 1482 – Gedik Ahmed Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier
• 1664 – Miklós Zrínyi, Croatian and Hungarian noble soldier, statesman, and poet (b. 1620)
• 1794 – Jacques François Dugommier, French general (b. 1738)
• 1830 – Adam Weishaupt, German law professor, philosopher, and founder of the Illuminati (b. 1748)
• 1885 – Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg, Dutch politician (b. 1826)
• 1886 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (b. 1830)
• 1919 – Adolf Hurwitz, German mathematician (b. 1859)
• 1922 – Marcel Proust, French novelist, essayist, and critic (b. 1871)
• 1940 – Ivane Javakhishvili, Georgian historian (b. 1876)
• 1941 – Walther Nernst, German physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (b. 1864)
• 1941 – Chris Watson, Australian politician (b. 1867)
• 1952 – Paul Eluard, French poet (b. 1895)
• 1962 – Niels Bohr, Danish physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1885)
• 1965 – Hans Zulliger, Swiss teacher, child psychoanalyst, and author (b. 1893)
• 1973 – Zeki Baştımar, Turkish politician and leader of the Communist Party of Turkey (b. 1905)
• 1976 – Man Ray, American photographer (b. 1890)
• 1977 – Kurt Schuschnigg, Austrian politician (b. 1897)
• 1978 – Pablo Dorado, Uruguayan football player (b. 1908)
• 1978 – Jim Jones, American cult leader (b. 1931)
• 1980 – Akil Öztuna, Turkish actor (b. 1905)
• 1983 – İsmail Bilen (Laz İsmail), Turkish politician and General Secretary of the Communist Party of Turkey (b. 1902)
• 1984 – Eşref Üren, Turkish painter (b. 1897)
• 1986 – Gia Carangi, USA's first supermodel (b. 1960)
• 1987 – Jacques Anquetil, French cyclist (b. 1934)
• 1989 – Turhan Aytul, Turkish journalist
• 1999 – Paul Bowles, American author, composer, and traveler (b. 1910)
• 1991 – Gustav Husak, Slovak communist and leader of Czechoslovakia 1969-89 (b. 1913)
• 1994 – Cab Calloway, American jazz singer and conductor (b. 1907)
• 1999 – Paul Bowles, American author (b. 1910)
• 2000 – Yıldırım Gürses, Turkish composer and sound artist (b. 1938)
• 2002 – James Coburn, American actor and winner of the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor (b. 1928)
• 2003 – Michael Kamen, American composer, conductor, arranger, music producer, songwriter, and musician (b. 1948)
• 2004 – Robert Fox Bacher, American nuclear physicist (b. 1905)
• 2004 – Cy Coleman, American composer, songwriter, and jazz pianist (b. 1929)
• 2007 – Ellen Preis, Austrian fencer (b. 1912)
• 2009 – Ömer Lütfi Mete, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1950)
• 2013 – Aytunç Altındal, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1945)
• 2013 – Nejat Uygur, Turkish actor and presenter (b. 1927)
• 2016 – Sharon Jones, American soul-funk musician and singer (b. 1956)
• 2017 – Azzedine Alaïa, Tunisian-born fashion designer (b. 1940)
• 2017 – Friedel Rausch, German manager and former football player (b. 1940)
• 2017 – Naim Süleymanoğlu, Turkish weightlifter (b. 1967)
• 2017 – Malcolm Young, Australian rhythm guitarist and songwriter (b. 1953)
• 2018 – Erdin Bircan, Turkish businessman and politician (b. 1959)
• 2018 – Ed Evanko, Canadian actor, singer (b. 1938)
• 2018 – Uladzimir Juravel, Belarusian football player and coach (b. 1971)
• 2019 – Norodom Buppha Devi, Cambodian princess, politician, activist, and ballerina (b. 1943)
• 2019 – Laure Killing, French actress and comedian (b. 1959)
• 2020 – Draga Olteanu Matei, Romanian actress (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Michel Robin, French theatre, film and television actor (b. 1930)
• 2020 – Mridula Sinha, Indian writer and politician (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Firsat Ali, Iraqi Kurdish politician (b. 1978)