Today in History: Atatürk's Body Taken to Its Temporary Resting Place in the Ethnography Museum

November 21 is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 40.

Railways

• 21 November 1927 Havza-Amasya-Samsun line is in operation. Nuri Demirağ was the contractor
• Samsun-Amasya Railway line was put into operation.

Events 

• 1783 - In Paris, Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent d'Arlandes made the first flight in a hot air balloon.
• 1789 - North Carolina becomes the 12th state of the USA.
• 1791 - Colonel Napoléon Bonaparte is promoted to general.
• 1877 - Edison announces inventing the turntable (sound recorder).
• 1905 - Albert Einstein's famous relationship between energy and mass E=mc² expressed by the equation, “Does the inertia of the object depend on the amount of energy it contains?” His article was published in the journal "Annalen der Physik".
• 1919 – Liberation of the city of Mardin
• 1938 – Atatürk's body was brought to its temporary resting place in the Ethnography Museum with a ceremony.
• 1955 – Baghdad Pact was established with the participation of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan and the United Kingdom.
• 1967 – The tension between Turkey and Greece continues because of Cyprus. “We are ready to resolve our problems through negotiations, avoiding an armed conflict,” Greece said. Chief of General Staff General Cemal Tural said, “We will go to Cyprus, no one should worry; But I can't tell when," he said. The President of the United States, Lyndon Johnson, suggested avoiding war.
• 1969 – The first ARPANET line is established between the University of California and processors at SAE.
• 1980 – The father of 19-year-old Erdal Eren, whose death sentence was approved, wrote to President General Kenan Evren and asked for his son's pardon.
• 1980 – Las Vegas – 87 people were killed and more than 650 injured in a hotel fire in Nevada.
• 1980 – An estimated 83 million TV viewers in the United States, Dallas He went in front of their TV to find out who shot JR.
• 1982 – President Kenan Evren thanked the people in Fatsa, who voted 1982% “YES” in the 95 Turkish constitutional referendum.
• 1985 - US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev met in Geneva. At the summit, it was decided to reduce strategic nuclear weapons by 50 percent.
• 1990 – The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) agreement was signed in Paris.
• 1996 – 33 people died in a propane explosion at a shoe store and business center in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
• 1996 – Thousands of people protested in Zagreb to prevent the opposition radio station, Radio 101, from being shut down.
• 2002 – at the NATO summit in Prague; Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia were invited to join the alliance.
• 2002 – In the clashes that broke out because of the article about the Islamic prophet Muhammad in a newspaper in Nigeria, where the world beauty pageant will be held, about 100 people were killed and around 500 were injured.
• 2009 – 104 people died in an explosion in a mine in Hegang city of Heilongjiang province, China.

Births 

• 1694 – François Voltaire, French philosopher (d. 1778)
• 1710 – Paolo Renier, Associate Professor of the Republic of Venice (d. 1789)
• 1740 – Charlotte Baden, Danish feminist and author (d.1824)
• 1768 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German Protestant theologian, philosopher, and idealist thinker (d. 1834)
• 1840 – Victoria, Princess Royal (d. 1901)
• 1852 – Francisco Tárrega, Spanish composer and guitarist (d. 1909)
• 1854 – XV. Benedict, Pope (d. 1922)
• 1870 – Alexander Berkman, American author, radical anarchist, and activist (d. 1936)
• 1883 – William Frederick Lamb, American architect (d. 1952)
• 1898 – René Magritte, Belgian painter (d. 1967)
• 1899 – Jobyna Ralston, American actress (d. 1967)
• 1902 – Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-American author and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• 1914 – Nusret Hasan Fişek, Turkish politician and physician (d. 1990)
• 1919 – Jacques Sénard, French diplomat (d. 2020)
• 1924 – Christopher Tolkien, English author (youngest son of JRR Tolkien) (d. 2020)
• 1925 – Lila Garrett, American radio host and screenwriter (d. 2020)
• 1926 – Şükran Güngör, Turkish theater and actor (d. 2002)
• 1935 - Fairuz, Lebanese singer
• 1936 – Ergün Arıkdal, Turkish metapsychic researcher and writer (d. 1997)
• 1941 – İdil Biret, Turkish pianist
• 1944 – Harold Ramis, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
• 1945 - Goldie Hawn, American actress
• 1947 – Andrew Davis, American director and producer
• 1952 – Alper Görmüş, Turkish journalist
• 1961 – Alexander Siddig, English actor
• 1965 – Björk, Icelandic singer
• 1969 – Süleyman Soylu, Turkish politician
• 1975 – Erlend Oye, Norwegian musician
• 1975 – Zeynep Türkeş, Turkish singer and composer
• 1979 – Alihan Kuriş, Turkish architect and leader of Süleymancılar
• 1979 - Vincenzo Iaquinta, Italian football player
• 1980 – Angel Long, British pornographic actress and nude model
• 1985 – Carly Rae Jepsen, Canadian singer
• 1985 – Jesus Navas, Spanish football player
• 1989 - Will Buckley, English football player
• 1989 – Darwin Chávez, Mexican football player
• 1991 – Almaz Ayana, Ethiopian athlete who holds the 10.000m women's world record
• 1994 – Saul Niguez, Spanish national football player

Deaths 

• 933 – Ebu Cafer et-Tahavî, Hanafi fiqh and creed scholar (b. 853)
• 1011 – Reizei, 63rd emperor of Japan in traditional succession (b. 950)
• 1325 – III. Yuri, Grand Prince of Moscow from 1303 until his death (b. 1281)
• 1555 – Georgius Agricola, German scientist (b. 1490)
• 1695 – Henry Purcell, English early Baroque composer (b. 1659)
• 1782 – Jacques de Vaucanson, French inventor, artist, and Catholic priest (b. 1709)
• 1811 – Heinrich von Kleist, German writer (b. 1777)
• 1844 – Ivan Krilov, Russian journalist, poet, playwright, translator (b. 1769)
• 1859 – Yoshida Shōin, Japanese samurai, philosopher, educator, military scientist, field researcher (b. 1830)
• 1870 – Karel Jaromír Erben, Czech historian, jurist, archivist, writer, translator, poet (b. 1811)
• 1881 – Ami Boué, Austrian geoscientist (b. 1794)
• 1907 – Paula Modersohn-Becker, German painter (b. 1876)
• 1916 – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria-Hungary (b. 1830)
• 1938 – Leopold Godowsky Polish-American piano virtuoso and composer (b. 1870)
• 1946 – Sami Karayel, Turkish sports writer and journalist
• 1959 – Max Baer, ​​American boxer (b. 1909)
• 1963 – Robert Franklin Stroud, American prisoner (Alcatraz Birder) (b. 1890)
• 1969 – Norman Lindsay, Australian sculptor, engraver, painter, author, art critic, and illustrator (b. 1879)
• 1970 – C.V. Raman, Indian physicist (b. 1888)
• 1977 – Tevfik İnce, the last representative of Turkish traditional tuluat theater (b. 1907)
• 1984 – Ben Wilson, American basketball player (b. 1967)
• 1993 – Tahsin Öztin, Turkish journalist (b. 1912)
• 1995 – Victoria Hazan, Turkish singer, oud player and composer (b. 1896)
• 1996 – Abdus Salam, Pakistani physicist (first Pakistani to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics) (b. 1926)
• 1999 – Quentin Crisp, British writer, storyteller and actor (b. 1908)
• 2001 – Adnan Cemgil, Turkish teacher, writer and translator (b. 1909)
• 2004 – Tuncay Akdoğan, Turkish musician (b. 1959)
• 2006 – Hassan Gouled Aptidon, Djiboutian politician (b. 1916)
• 2010 – Kaya Gürel, Turkish theater and film actor (b. 1933)
• 2011 – Gregory Halman, Dutch professional baseball player (b. 1987)
• 2015 – Cavit Şadi Pehlivanoğlu, former Turkish politician (b. 1927)
• 2015 – Germán Robles, Spanish-Mexican actor (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Zoran Ubavič, former Slovenian international football player (b. 1965)
• 2016 – Jan Sonnergaard, Danish writer (b. 1963)
• 2017 – Rodney Bewes, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1937)
• 2017 – David Cassidy, American singer, actor, songwriter, and musician (b. 1950)
• 2018 – Meena Alexander, Indian poet, translator, educator and author (b. 1951)
• 2018 – Michele Carey, American actress (b. 1943)
• 2018 – Evaristo Marc Chengula, Tanzanian Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1941)
• 2018 – Olivia Hooker, US educator, author, academic, and psychologist (b. 1915)
• 2019 – Yaşar Büyükanıt, Turkish soldier and 25th Chief of General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces (b. 1940)
• 2019 – Andrée Lachapelle, Veteran Canadian actress (b. 1931)
• 2019 – Gahan Wilson, American author and cartoonist (b. 1930)
• 2020 – Dena Dietrich, American actress (b. 1928)
• 2020 – Edgar García, Colombian matador (b. 1960)
• 2020 – Artemije Radosavljević, Serbian Orthodox bishop (b. 1935)
• 2020 – Ricky Yacobi, Indonesian former international football player (b. 1963)

Holidays and special occasions 

• World Television Day
• Gerontologists' Day