Today in History: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Declared

November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 46.

Railways

• 15 November 1993 began the 4 September Blue Train between Ankara and Sivas.

Events 

• 1315 – At the Battle of Morgarten, the Swiss Confederation is victorious over the Holy Roman Empire under the Habsburg Monarchy.
• 1638 - The Ottoman Army begins to besiege Baghdad.
• 1687 – II. The janissaries and sipahis, who found the ulufe distributed by Suleiman less, revolted.
• 1808 – The Janissary revolt, known as the Alemdar Incident, began.
• 1889 - The monarchy is overthrown and the republic is established in Brazil.
• 1908 - Belgium annexes the Congo Independent State.
• 1920 – The first meeting of the League of Nations was held in Geneva, Switzerland.
• 1937 – The first step of the Dersim Operation was completed. The leader of the rebellion, Seyit Rıza, and 6 of his friends were executed in Elazig.
• 1942 – The sale of two-priced bread was started. The officers will buy bread for 14 cents and the public for 27 cents.
• 1956 – Middle East Technical University was founded.
• 1967 – Greek terrorists attacked and occupied three Turkish villages in Cyprus, killed 28 Turks, over 200 Turks disappeared. The Extraordinary Council of Ministers evaluated the situation with the Chief of the General Staff and the Force Commanders.
• 1969 – A quarter of a million people demonstrate against the Vietnam War in Washington, DC.
• 1971 - Intel company launches the 4004, the world's first commercial single-chip microprocessor.
• 1975 – Istanbul State Classical Turkish Music Choir was founded.
• 1977 – Turkish athlete Veli Ballı won the first place in the “Marathon” category at the International Athletics Competitions held in Pakistan.
• 1979 – Greek freighter Evrenia The Romanian tanker collided with the Haydarpaşa breakwater offshore. to the independent51 Romanian sailors died as a result of the explosion.
• 1983 – The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus was proclaimed.
• 1988 – Prime Minister Turgut Özal announced that Turkey recognized the State of Palestine.
• 1995 – Turkey national football team drew with Sweden. Thus, the right to participate in the European Championship for the first time was won.
• 2000 – Police officers who were tried for the third time on the allegation of torture of 16 young people in Manisa were sentenced to 5 to 10 years. The police were acquitted in the first two trials.
• 2003 – Simultaneous suicide attacks were carried out on the Neve Shalom Synagogue and Bet Israel Synagogue in Istanbul during Saturday prayers; 28 people died.
• 2007 - Taraf newspaper, under the Editor-in-Chief of the writer Ahmet Altan, “Thinking is being a party” It started to be published daily with the slogan.
• 2012 – The first national battle tank of the Republic of Turkey, Altay, was introduced.

Births 

• 1316 – Jean I of the Capet Dynasty, the son of King Louis X of France and his wife Clementia of Hungary, born after the death of King Louis X (d. 1316)
• 1397 – Nicholaus V, Pope (d. 1455)
• 1708 – William Pitt, English statesman (d. 1778)
• 1738 – William Herschel, German-English astronomer (d. 1822)
• 1757 – Jacques-René Hébert, French journalist and politician (d. 1794)
• 1776 – José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, Mexican author and political journalist (d. 1827)
• 1778 – Giovanni Battista Belzoni, Italian Egyptologist and explorer (d. 1823)
• 1784 – Jérôme Bonaparte, youngest brother of Napoleon I (d. 1860)
• 1852 – Tevfik Pasha, Khedive of Egypt (d. 1892)
• 1862 – Gerhart Hauptmann, German author and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1946)
• 1868 – Emil Racoviță, Romanian biologist, zoologist, speleologist, Antarctic explorer (d. 1947)
• 1873 - Sara Josephine Baker, American physician (d. 1945)
• 1874 – August Krogh, Danish zoologist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1949)
• 1881 – Franklin Pierce Adams, American translator, poet, and radio broadcaster (d. 1960)
• 1882 – Felix Frankfurter, American lawyer, professor, and jurist (d. 1965)
• 1886 – René Guénon, French metaphysician and author (d. 1951)
• 1887 Georgia O'Keeffe, American painter (d. 1986)
• 1891 – Erwin Rommel, German general (d. 1944)
• 1895 – Olga Nikolayevna Romanova, last ruler of imperial Russia, Tsar II. They are the eldest daughters of Nikolai and his wife Alexandra Fyodorovna (d. 1918)
• 1896 – Horia Hulubei, Romanian physicist (d. 1972)
• 1903 – Ercüment Behzat Lav, Turkish poet (d. 1984)
• 1905 – Mantovani, Italian-born composer (d. 1980)
• 1906 – Curtis LeMay, general in the United States Air Force (d. 1990)
• 1907 – Claus von Stauffenberg, German officer (attempted to assassinate Hitler) (executed) (d. 1944)
• 1912 – Cemal Bingöl, Turkish painter and art teacher (d. 1993)
• 1922 – Francesco Rosi, Italian film director (d. 2015)
• 1929 – Ed Asner, American actor (d. 2021)
• 1930 – JG Ballard, English writer (d. 2009)
• 1931 – John Kerr, American actor (d. 2013)
• 1931 - Mwai Kibaki is the third president of the Republic of Kenya
• 1931 – Pascal Lissouba, Congolese politician (d. 2020)
• 1932 - Petula Clark, English actress and singer
• 1932 – Alvin Plantinga, American Christian philosopher
• 1933 - Gloria Foster, American actress (d. 2001)
• 1935 – Yıldırım Akbulut, Turkish lawyer and 20th Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2021)
• 1936 – Wolf Biermann, East German dissident socialist poet and singer
• 1939 – Yaphet Kotto, American actor (d. 2021)
• 1939 – Rauni-Leena Luukanen-Kilde, Finnish physician, author, and ufologist (d. 2015)
• 1940 - Roberto Cavalli, an Italian fashion designer
• 1942 – Yavuz Donat, Turkish journalist
• 1942 – Daniel Barenboim, Argentinean-Israeli conductor and pianist
• 1944 – Deniz Türkali, Turkish actress and singer
• 1944 – Ümit Tokcan, Turkish musician
• 1944 – Sinan Cemgil, Turkish revolutionary and one of the founders of the THKO organization (d. 1971)
• 1945 - Bob Gunton, an American actor
• 1945 – Anni-Frid Lyngstad, Swedish singer
• 1945 – Ferdi Tayfur, Turkish singer, composer, writer and actor
• 1946 – Cemil Çiçek, Turkish lawyer and politician
• 1947 – Bill Richardson, American politician
• 1947 – İsmail Düvenci, Turkish actor
• 1949 – Suat Geyik, Turkish film actor (d. 2015)
• 1951 – Beverly D'Angelo, American actress
• 1951 – Ruhat Mengi, Turkish journalist and writer
• 1952 – Randy Savage, American professional wrestler (d. 2011)
• 1954 – Kevin S. Bright, American executive producer and director
• 1954 – Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Polish politician and journalist
• 1954 – Uli Stielike, German football player and coach
• 1956 – Celso Fonseca, Brazilian singer and guitarist
• 1956 – Hüseyin Avni Karslıoğlu, Turkish diplomat
• 1956 – Mustafa Sarıgül, Turkish businessman and politician
• 1964 – Erdi Demir, Turkish football player
• 1965 - Nigel Bond, English professional snooker player
• 1965 – Bengi Yıldız, Turkish politician
• 1965 – Tuluyhan Uğurlu, Turkish piano virtuoso and composer
• 1967 – Cynthia Breazeal, US computer engineer
• 1967 – E-40, American rapper
• 1967 – François Ozon, French film director
• 1968 Ol' Dirty Bastard, American rapper (d. 2004)
• 1968 – Uwe Rösler, German football player and manager
• 1970 – Patrick Mboma, Cameroonian former international football player
• 1971 – Uğur Işılak, Turkish singer, poet and composer.
• 1972 – Jonny Lee Miller, English actor
• 1973 – Abdullah Zubromawi, Saudi Arabian football player
• 1973 – Fernanda Serrano, Portuguese model and actress
• 1973 – Nalan Tokyürek, Turkish singer, songwriter and composer
• 1974 – Chad Kroeger, Canadian musician and vocalist of Nickelback
• 1975 – Boris Živković, Croatian football player
• 1975 – Nikola Prkačin, Croatian basketball player
• 1976 – Virginie Ledoyen, French actress
• 1976 – Nadide Sultan, Turkish singer
• 1977 – Peter Phillips, member of the British Royal family, the only son of Queen Anne and Mark Phillips
• 1979 – Brooke Haven, American porn star
• 1979 - Josemi is a Spanish football player.
• 1983 - Fernando Verdasco, Spanish tennis player
• 1984 - Asia Kate Dillon is an American actor.
• 1985 – Lily Aldridge, American model
• 1985 – Andreas Ciatinis, Greek Cypriot basketball player
• 1986 – Sania Mirza, Indian tennis player
• 1987 – Sergio Llull, Spanish professional basketball player
• 1990 – Yıldıray Koçal, Turkish football player
• 1991 - Maxime Colin, French football player
• 1991 – Shailene Woodley, an American actress
• 1992 – Kevin Wimmer, Austrian national football player
• 1993 – Paulo Dybala, Argentine football player
• 1995 - Karl-Anthony Towns, Dominican-American professional basketball player

Deaths 

• 165 BC - Matatyahu was a Jewish priest
• 1280 – Albertus Magnus, German philosopher (b. circa 1193)
• 1630 – Johannes Kepler, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1571)
• 1670 – Jan Amos Comenius, Czech teacher, scientist, educator, and writer (b. 1592)
• 1787 – Christoph Willibald Gluck, German composer (b. 1714)
• 1794 – John Witherspoon, American Presbyterian priest and founding father of the United States (b. 1723)
• 1808 – Alemdar Mustafa Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (b. 1755)
• 1832 – Jean-Baptiste Say, a French economist (b. 1767)
• 1908 – Cixi, empress of China (b. 1835)
• 1910 – Wilhelm Raabe, German novelist (b. 1831)
• 1916 – Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish novelist (“Quo Vadis” author) and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1846)
• 1917 – Émile Durkheim, French sociologist (b. 1858)
• 1922 – Dimitrios Gunaris, Greek politician (b. 1867)
• 1937 – Seyit Rıza, leader of the Dersim Rebellion (b. 1863)
• 1949 – Nathuram Godse, Hindu radical who assassinated Mahatma Gandhi (b. 1910)
• 1953 – Wilhelm Stuckart, German politician and lawyer (b. 1902)
• 1954 – Lionel Barrymore, American actor (b. 1878)
• 1958 – Tyrone Power, American film actor (b. 1914)
• 1959 – Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist (b. 1869)
• 1967 – Michael J. Adams, American aeronautical engineer (b. 1930)
• 1970 – Konstandinos Caldaris, Greek politician (b. 1884)
• 1971 – Rudolf Abel, Soviet intelligence officer (b. 1903)
• 1976 – Jean Gabin, French film actor (b. 1904)
• 1978 – Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (b. 1901)
• 1980 – Sedat Veyis Örnek, Turkish folklorist, ethnologist and researcher on the history of religions (b. 1927)
• 1981 – Walter Heitler, German physicist (b. 1904)
• 1982 – Vinoba Bhave, Indian social reformer (b. 1895)
• 1998 – Ludvík Daněk was a Czechoslovak discus thrower (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Théophile Abega, Cameroonian former international football player (b. 1954)
• 2013 – Glafkos Kliridis, politician of the Republic of Cyprus (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Barbara Park, American author (b. 1947)
• 2014 – Válery Mézague, Cameroonian former international football player (b. 1983)
• 2015 – Moira Orfei, Italian performer, actress (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Lisa Lynn Masters, American actress and model (b. 1964)
• 2016 – Paul Rosche, German engineer (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Luis Bacalov, Argentine & Italian composer (b. 1933)
• 2017 – Keith Barron, English actor (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Françoise Héritier, French anthropologist (b. 1933)
• 2017 – Frans Krajcberg, Polish-Brazilian painter, sculptor, engraver and photographer (b. 1921)
• 2017 – Lil Peep, American songwriter, rapper, and model (b. 1996)
• 2018 – Roy Clark, American country musician and singer, TV host (b. 1933)
• 2018 – Takayuki Fujikawa, Japanese former football player (b. 1962)
• 2018 – Adolf Grünbaum, American-German psychoanalyst and philosopher (b. 1923)
• 2018 – Jores Medvedev, Russian agronomist, biologist, historian, and dissident (b. 1925)
• 2018 – Mike Noble, British comics artist and illustrator (b. 1930)
• 2018 – Luigi Rossi di Montelera, Italian entrepreneur, businessman and politician (b. 1946)
• 2018 – Yves Yersin is a Swiss director (b. 1942)
• 2019 – Harrison Dillard, American track and field athlete (b. 1923)
• 2020 – Ray Clemence, English goalkeeper (b. 1948)
• 2020 – Chandrawati, Indian politician (b. 1928)
• 2020 – Soumitra Chatterjee, Indian actor, playwright, theater director, painter and poet (b. 1935)
• 2020 – Ioannis Tassias, Greek Orthodox bishop (b. 1958)

Holidays and special occasions 

• Palestine – Independence Day (proclaimed 1988).
• Japan – Shichi-Go-San: Traditional festival day for three- and seven-year-old girls and three- and five-year-old boys.