October 23 is the 296th (297th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 69.
Railways
- 23 October 1901 Managing Director of Deutsche Bank George von Siemens is dead. He worked for the realization of the Anatolian-Baghdad Railways Project.
- October 23 1978 Turkey-Syria-Iraq railway line was opened.
Events
- 1840 – The Post and Telegraph Ministry was established.
- 1853 - The Crimean War begins.
- 1911 – During the Tripoli War, Italian captain Carlo Piazza made the first military reconnaissance flight in history over the Ottoman trenches in Benghazi. Piazza later also took the first military aerial photograph.
- 1912 – Battle of Kumanovo between Ottoman and Serbian armies in the First Balkan War.
- 1915 – 25-30.000 women marched on 5th Avenue in New York for their suffrage.
- 1926 - In the Soviet Union, Leon Trotsky and Grigoriy Zinoviyev were expelled from the Central Committee of the Communist Party.
- 1929 - The continued decline in the value of stocks on the New York Stock Exchange slowly begins to cause panic (the first signs of the 1929 World Economic Depression)
- 1946 – The United Nations held its first general meeting in New York.
- 1954 – The Paris Agreement concerning Germany's entry into NATO is signed.
- 1956 – An uprising against Soviet rule begins in Hungary. In demonstrations that spread throughout the country, the rebels demanded the withdrawal of Soviet troops.
- 1959 – III. The Mediterranean Games are over. The Turkish national freestyle wrestling team came first in 8 weight categories and won 13 gold, 8 silver and 1 bronze medals in the general classification.
- 1960 – General census: Turkey's population is 27.754.820
- 1965 – President Cemal Gürsel gave the task of establishing the government to Süleyman Demirel, Chairman of the Justice Party.
- 1972 – 20 workers died and 76 workers were injured in a firedamp explosion in two separate coal mines in Zonguldak.
- 1973 - US President Richard M. Nixon agrees to hand over the Oval Office audio recordings of the Watergate scandal to the court.
- 1981 - The Consultative Assembly held its first meeting.
- 1983 – Suicide attack with explosive-laden trucks against American and French Peace Corps Headquarters in Beirut. 241 American Marines and 58 French paratroopers were killed.
- 1993 – Karun Treasure was brought to Turkey after 28 years.
- 2011 – An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.2 occurred in Van.
Births
- 1491 – Ignatius of Loyola, Spanish cleric and founder of the Jesuit order (d. 1556)
- 1636 – Hedwig Eleonora, wife of King XI of Sweden, Karl Gustav XI between 1654 and 1660. Karl's mother (d. 1715)
- 1690 – Ange-Jacques Gabriel, French architect (d. 1782)
- 1715 – II. Peter, Emperor of Russia (d. 1730)
- 1766 – Emmanuel de Grouchy, general and marshal of France under Napoleon (d. 1847)
- 1797 Jan Jacob Rochussen, Dutch politician (d. 1871)
- 1801 – Albert Lortzing, German composer, singer and actor (d. 1851)
- 1813 – Ludwig Leichhardt, Prussian explorer and naturalist (d. 1848)
- 1817 – Pierre Larousse, French grammarian, lexicographer, and encyclopedist (d. 1875)
- 1835 – Adlai Stevenson I, 23rd Vice President of the United States (d. 1914)
- 1875 – Gilbert Lewis, American chemist (d. 1946)
- 1875 – Anatoly Lunacharsky, Russian Marxist revolutionary and first Soviet Education Commissar (d. 1933)
- 1876 – Franz Schlegelberger, Secretary of State and Minister of Justice at the German Reich Ministry of Justice during the Third Reich (d. 1970)
- 1890 – Orhan Seyfi Orhon, Turkish poet (d. 1972)
- 1905 – Felix Bloch, Swiss-American physicist (d. 1983)
- 1905 Gertrude Ederle, American swimmer (d. 2003)
- 1908 – Ilya Frank, Soviet nuclear physicist (d. 1990)
- 1915 – Bedri Karafakioğlu, Turkish academic, scientist and former ITU rector (d. 1978)
- 1920 – Gianni Rodari, Italian writer and journalist, regarded as one of the best children's writers (d. 1980)
- 1925 – Johnny Carson, American television host (d. 2005)
- 1925 – Manos Hacidakis, Greek composer (d. 1994)
- 1925 – Fred Shero, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 1990)
- 1927 – Leszek Kołakowski, Polish thinker and historian of ideas (d. 2009)
- 1929 – Adalet Ağaoğlu, Turkish novelist and playwright, and Orhan Kemal Novel Award winner (d. 2020)
- 1939 – Stanley Anderson, American actor (d. 2018)
- 1940 – Pelé, Brazilian football player
- 1941 – Igor Smirnov, politician from Transnistria
- 1942 – Michael Crichton, American writer, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2008)
- 1945 – Graça Machel, Mozambican politician
- 1947 – Kazimierz Deyna, Polish football player (d. 1989)
- 1947 – Abdulaziz al-Rantisi, Hamas member, Palestinian statesman (d. 2004)
- 1951 – Charly Garcia is an Argentine singer, songwriter, musician and producer.
- 1951 – Ángel de Andrés López, Spanish actor (d. 2016)
- 1951 – Fatmir Sejdiu, Former President of Kosovo
- 1953 – Taner Akçam, Turkish sociologist and historian
- 1954 – Ang Lee, Taiwanese director
- 1956 - Dianne Reeves is an American jazz singer.
- 1956 – Dwight Yoakam, American musician, songwriter, and film actor
- 1957 – Paul Kagame, Rwandan politician
- 1957 – Adam Nawałka, former Polish national football player
- 1959 – Sam Raimi, American film director
- 1959 – Weird Al” Yankovic, Serbian-American singer, musician, satirist, parodist, songwriter, accordionist, and television broadcaster
- 1960 – Mirwais Ahmadzaï, Swiss music producer and songwriter
- 1960 – Randy Pausch, American professor of computer science (d. 2008)
- 1961 – Andoni Zubizarreta is a retired Spanish football player.
- 1963 – Rashidi Yekini, Nigerian national football player (d. 2012)
- 1964 – Robert Trujillo, American musician
- 1966 – Alex Zanardi, Italian speedway and disabled cyclist
- 1969 - Dolly Buster is a Hungarian producer, director, writer and painter.
- 1970 – Grant Imahara, Japanese-American electronic engineer and Television host (d. 2020)
- 1972 – Jasmin St. Claire, American pornographic film actress
- 1974 – Sander Westerveld, Dutch national goalkeeper
- 1975 - Manuela Velasco, Spanish TV presenter, actress
- 1976 – Ryan Reynolds, Canadian television and film actor
- 1978 – Jimmy Bullard, German-English former football player
- 1979 – Simon Davies, Welsh former football player
- 1981 – Daniela Alvarado, Venezuelan theater, film and television actress
- 1982 - Kristjan Kangur, Estonian professional basketball player
- 1982 – Aleksandar Luković, Serbian national football player
- 1984 - Izabel Goulart is a Brazilian model
- 1984 – Keiren Westwood, Irish national football player
- 1984 – Meghan McCain, American conservative columnist and television host
- 1985 – Mohammed Abdellaoue, Moroccan-Norwegian former national football player
- 1985 – Masiela Lusha, poet, writer, film and TV actress
- 1985 – Miguel, American singer-songwriter
- 1986 – Emilia Clarke, English actress
- 1986 - Briana Evigan is an American actress.
- 1986 – Jessica Stroup, American actress and model
- 1987 – Seo In-guk is a South Korean singer and actor.
- 1989 - Alain Baroja, Venezuelan football player
- 1989 – Çağdaş Tailor, Turkish rap musician
- 1989 – Andriy Yarmolenko, Ukrainian national football player
- 1990 – Paradise Oskar, Finnish singer
- 1991 – Emil Forsberg, Swedish football player
- 1992 – Álvaro Morata, Spanish football player
Deaths
- 42 BC – Marcus Junius Brutus, Roman military and political leader (b. 85 BC)
- 877 – Ignatios I, Patriarch of Constantinople from 4 July 858 to 23 October 867 and from 23 November 867 until his death on 23 October 877 (b. 797)
- 891 – Yazman al-Hadim, governor of Tarsus during the Abbasid period from 882 until his death in 891, and chief military leader of Cilicia, the border lands of Islam with the Byzantine Empire
- 930 – Emperor Daigo, 60th Emperor of Japan (b. 885)
- 949 – Yōzei, 57th emperor of Japan in the traditional succession order (b. 869)
- 1134 – Dânî, Andalusian scientist (b. 1068)
- 1590 – Bernardino de Sahagún, Spanish missionary, Franciscan priest, traveler, geographer, and writer (b. 1499)
- 1688 – Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange, French lawyer, lexicographer, philologist, medieval and Byzantine historian (b. 1610)
- 1834 – Feth Ali Shah Qajar, 2nd Ruler of the Qajar Dynasty that ruled Iran (b. 1772)
- 1867 – Franz Bopp, German linguist (b. 1791)
- 1869 – Edward Smith-Stanley, English statesman (b. 1799)
- 1872 – Théophile Gautier, French poet and writer (b. 1811)
- 1893 – Alexander I, first prince of the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria (b. 1857)
- 1906 – Vladimir Stasov, Russian critic (b. 1824)
- 1910 – Chulalongkorn, king of Siam (today Thailand) (b. 1853)
- 1917 – Eugène Grasset, Swiss artist (b. 1845)
- 1920 – Anton Weichselbaum, Austrian pathologist and bacteriologist (b. 1845)
- 1921 – John Boyd Dunlop, Scottish inventor (b. 1840)
- 1935 – Charles Demuth, American painter (b. 1883)
- 1943 – André Antoine, French actor, film director, writer, critic (b. 1858)
- 1944 – Charles Glover Barkla, English physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1877)
- 1950 – Al Jolson, American singer and actor (b. 1886)
- 1957 – Christian Dior, French fashion designer (b. 1905)
- 1980 – Gustav Krukenberg, German SS commander (b. 1888)
- 1986 – Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist (b. 1893)
- 1999 – Neriman Köksal, Turkish actress and singer (b. 1928)
- 2000 – Yokozuna, American professional wrestler (b. 1966)
- 2004 – Bill Nicholson, English footballer, manager, manager and (scout) player researcher (b. 1919)
- 2005 – Ahmet Özacar, Turkish football player (b. 1937)
- 2005 – Nermin Erbakan, Necmettin Erbakan's wife (b. 1943)
- 2010 – Fran Crippen, American long-distance swimmer (b. 1984)
- 2011 – Herbert A. Hauptman, American mathematician and chemist (b. 1917)
- 2011 – Marco Simoncelli, Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1987)
- 2013 – Anthony Caro, English abstract sculptor (b. 1924)
- 2014 – Ghulam Azam, Bangladeshi Jamaat-e-Islami leader (b. 1922)
- 2014 – Vecihi Timuroğlu, Turkish writer, poet, researcher (b. 1927)
- 2016 – Pete Burns, English singer and songwriter (b. 1959)
- 2016 – Nerses Hovhannisyan, Armenian film director, screenwriter and actor (b. 1938)
- 2016 – Caliph bin Hamed es-Sani, Emir of Qatar, who reigned from 1972-1995 (b. 1932)
- 2017 – Walter Lassally, German-born British-Greek cinematographer (b. 1926)
- 2018 – Daniel Contet, French professional tennis player (b. 1943)
- 2018 – James Karen, American Broadway theater actor, actor (b. 1923)
- 2019 – Santos Juliá, Spanish historian and sociologist (b. 1940)
- 2019 – James W. Montgomery, American bishop and clergyman (b. 1921)
- 2019 – Alfred Znamierowski, Polish flag designer, publisher, writer, journalist and illustrator (b. 1940)
- 2020 – Yehuda Barkan, Israeli actor, screenwriter, film director, and producer (b. 1945)
- 2020 – David Barnes, New Zealand offshore racer (b. 1958)
- 2020 – Ebbe Skovdahl, Danish former professional football player and coach (b. 1945)
- 2020 – Jerry Jeff Walker, American country singer, songwriter, and guitarist (b. 1942)
Holidays and special occasions
- Hungarian National Day
- Macedonian Revolutionary Struggle Day
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