Today in History: The First Statue of Atatürk Was Planted in Istanbul Sarayburnu

October 3 is the 276th (277th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 89.

Railways

• 3 October 1932 İzmir Dock Company was nationalized.

Events 

• 52 BC – Roman Army under Julius Caesar conquers Gaul, winning the Battle of Alesia.
• 1605 – Ottoman Army under the command of Grand Vizier Sokolluzade Lala Mehmed Pasha conquered Estergon Castle for the second time.
• 1716 – Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha was appointed as the Grand Viziership.
• 1739 – The Treaty of Nis, which ended the Ottoman-Russian-Austrian War and was the last treaty in which the Ottomans profited, was signed.
• 1849 - American writer Edgar Allan Poe was found devastated on the streets of Baltimore, hospitalized.
• 1852 – Damad Mehmed Ali Pasha became the Ottoman Grand Vizier.
• 1912 – Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria demanded autonomy from the Ottoman Empire to Albania and Macedonia within 3 days. When the Ottomans rejected this note, the First Balkan War started on 8 October.
• 1922 – The Mudanya Conference, which resulted in the signing of the Mudanya Armistice, started.
• 1926 – The first statue of Atatürk was erected in Istanbul Sarayburnu.
• 1929 - Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes changes its name to Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
• 1931 – The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey became operational.
• 1932 - United Kingdom mandate Iraq declared its independence.
• 1935 - The Kingdom of Italy begins its invasion of Ethiopia.
• 1947 – Turkey hosted the "International Congress of Grape, Grape Juice and Winemaking" for the first time.
• 1952 - The United Kingdom conducted its first atomic bomb test on the island of Monte Bello, becoming the world's 3rd nuclear power.
• 1953 – The case regarding the TCG Dumlupınar submarine, which sank after colliding with the Swedish flagship Naboland off the coast of Çanakkale, in which 81 sailors died, was concluded: Naboland captain was sentenced to 6 months of heavy imprisonment, Dumlupınar Commander Captain Sabri Çelebioğlu was acquitted.
• 1965 – Cuban leader Fidel Castro announces that Che Guevara has left Cuba to fight against imperialism.
• 1966 – The last tram line on the Anatolian side of Istanbul was also removed.
• 1967 – North Vietnam rejects the United States' proposal for peace talks.
• 1970 – Iskenderun Iron and Steel Inc. was established.
• 1971 - The Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, abbreviated SALT, was signed between the USSR and the USA.
• 1973- The first oil was found by TPAO near Lüleburgaz in the Thrace region, where oil has been sought for 75 years.

• 1981 – The hunger strike of Irish Republican Army (IRA) detainees in Belfast ends. The hunger strike lasted for 7 months and 10 IRA members lost their lives.
• 1982 – September 12 comment from journalist Uğur Mumcu: “Who is there who would not accept that the September 12 Operation pulled our country back from the brink of a civil war?... We believe not once, but a thousand times, in the justifications of September 12.”
• 1983 – President Kenan Evren spoke at the opening ceremony of the new academic year of the Turkish Military Academy: “Never forget that as long as you leave Kemalism, as long as you deviate from Kemalism, we have no right to life.”
• 1984 – The sentences of Hıdır Aslan and İlyas Has, who were sentenced to death as a result of the Revolutionary Yol trial, were approved by the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
• 1990 - East and West Germany unite.
• 1993 - Heydar Aliyev was elected President of Azerbaijan.
• 1994 – II. The Anti-Nuclear Congress convened in Istanbul.
• 2005 – Membership negotiations started between the European Union and Turkey.
• 2006 – THY's Boeing 737-400 type scheduled flight on the Tirana - Istanbul flight was hijacked by a hijacker named Hakan Ekinci.
• 2008 – PKK militants attacked Aktütün Police Station in Şemdinli district of Hakkari.
• 2009 – The Turkic Council was established with the Nakhchivan Agreement signed by the Presidents of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkey.
• 2010 – Germany pays the final installment of war reparations from World War I, which it agreed to in the Versailles Peace Treaty.
• 2012 – Turkey struck Syria after 5 civilians lost their lives in the Akçakale district of Şanlıurfa as a result of artillery shells from Syria.
• 2013 – The Gambia announced it was leaving the Commonwealth of Nations.

Births 

• 1804 – Allan Kardec, French writer, founder of Experimental Spiritualism (d. 1869)
• 1837 – Nicolás Avellaneda, Argentine politician, journalist (d. 1885)
• 1867 – Pierre Bonnard, French illustrator, painter, and printmaker (d. 1947)
• 1886 Alain-Fournier, French writer (d. 1914)
• 1889 – Carl von Ossietzky, German writer (d. 1938)
• 1894 Walter Warlimont, German soldier (d. 1976)
• 1895 – Sergey Yesenin, Russian poet (d. 1925)
• 1897 – Louis Aragon, French writer (d. 1982)
• 1898 – Leo McCarey, American film director, producer, screenwriter, and Academy Award winner (d. 1969)
• 1900 – Thomas Wolfe, American author (d. 1938)
• 1901 – Hilmi Ziya Ülken, Turkish philosopher and sociologist (d. 1974)
• 1903 – Tekin Arıburun, Turkish soldier and politician (d. 1993)
• 1904 – Ernst-Günther Schenck, German physician and SS-Obersturmbannführer. (d. 1998)
• 1919 – James M. Buchanan, American economist (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (d. 2004)
• 1925 – Gore Vidal, American novelist, playwright, essayist, screenwriter, and political activist (d. 2012)
• 1925 – George Wein, American producer and musician (d. 2021)
• 1928 – Erik Bruhn, Danish dancer, choreographer, artistic director, actor, and writer (d. 1986)
• 1931 – Samim Emek, Turkish football player and coach
• 1935 – Armen Djigarhanyan, Armenian-Soviet actor and theater director (d. 2020)
• 1935 – Charles Duke, US astronaut
• 1936 – Steve Reich, American composer
• 1939 – Bob Armstrong, American professional wrestler (d. 2020)
• 1940 – Mike Troy, American former Olympic swimmer (d. 2019)
• 1941 – Andrea de Adamich, Italian Formula 1 driver
• 1941 - Chubby Checker, American singer
• 1943 – Baki İlkin, Turkish diplomat (d. 2018)
• 1944 – Celile Toyon, Turkish actress
• 1947 – Zdenek Altner, Czech lawyer (d. 2016)
• 1947 – John Perry Barlow, American poet and essayist (d. 2018)
• 1954 – Haluk Koç, Turkish physician and politician
• 1954 - Al Sharpton, talk show host
• 1954 – Stevie Ray Vaughan, American guitarist (d. 1990)
• 1955 – Buket Uzuner, Turkish storyteller, novelist and travel writer
• 1959 - Fred Couples, American golfer
• 1959 – Jack Wagner, American actor
• 1962 – Tommy Lee, American musician
• 1964 – Clive Owen, English actor
• 1967 – Erman Ilıcak, Turkish businessman
• 1968 – Bianca Krijgsman, Dutch actress
• 1969 – Gwen Stefani, American singer
• 1970 – Selahaddin Menteş, Turkish lawyer and judge
• 1970 – Zeynep Casalini, Turkish-Italian singer
• 1972 – Kevin Scott Richardson, American singer and member of Backstreet Boys
• 1973 Lena Headey, English actress
• 1973 – Neve Campbell, American actress
• 1973 – Uğur Dağdelen, Turkish football player (d. 2015)
• 1975 - India.Arie is an American singer-songwriter and producer.
• 1976 – Herman Li, Hong Kong musician
• 1976 – Seann William Scott, American actor
• 1978 – Claudio Pizarro, Peruvian football player
• 1978 – Gerald Asamoah, German football player
• 1978 – Jake Shears, American singer-songwriter
• 1979 - John Morrison is an American professional wrestler and actor.
• 1979 – Efe Yılmaz, Turkish musician and member of maNga group
• 1981 Andreas Isaksson, Swedish football player
• 1981 – Zlatan Ibrahimovic, Swedish football player
• 1983 - Fred is a Brazilian football player.
• 1983 – Tessa Thompson, American actress, singer and songwriter
• 1984 – Yoon Eun Hye is a South Korean model, actress and singer.
• 1984 - Jessica Parker Kennedy, Canadian actress
• 1984 – Ashlee Simpson, American singer
• 1988 – ASAP Rocky, American rapper and music video director
• 1988 – Alicia Vikander, Swedish actress, producer and dancer
• 2004 – Noah Schnapp, Canadian-American television and film actor

Deaths 

• 42 BC – Gaius Cassius Longinus, Roman senator (b. 85 BC)
• 1078 – Izyaslav I, grand prince of Kiev (b. 1024)
• 1226 – Francis of Assisi, monk, mystic, and later Christian saint, founder of the Franciscan Order (b. 1181)
• 1629 – Giorgi Saakadze, Georgian politician and commander (b. 1570)
• 1649 – Giovanni Diodati, Swiss Protestant theologian (b. 1575)
• 1685 – Juan Carreño de Miranda, Spanish painter (b. 1614)
• 1838 – Black Hawk, Chief of the Sauk Indian tribes (b. 1767)
• 1860 – Alfred Edward Chalon, Swiss painter (b. 1780)
• 1877 – Rómulo Díaz de la Vega, Mexican politician (b. 1800)
• 1896 – William Morris, English poet, novelist, and painter (b. 1834)
• 1929 – Gustav Stresemann, German politician, Chancellor of the Weimar Republic and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1878)
• 1931 – Carl Nielsen, Danish composer and also a virtuoso violinist, cornet player, conductor, music educator (b. 1865)
• 1941 – Adalbert Czerny, Austrian pediatrician (b. 1863)
• 1941 – Wilhelm Kienzl, Austrian composer (b. 1857)
• 1952 – Zavel Kwartin, Russian-born Jewish singer (Hazan) and composer (b. 1874)
• 1956 – Džafer-beg Kulenović, Bosnian politician (Minister of Forests and Mining of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and Vice President of the Independent State of Croatia) (b. 1891)
• 1963 – Refet Bele, Turkish soldier and politician (b. 1881)
• 1967 – Woody Guthrie, American folk singer (b. 1912)
• 1969 – Skip James, American blues singer, guitarist, and songwriter (b. 1902)
• 1975 – Guy Mollet, French politician and Prime Minister of France (b. 1905)
• 1978 – Muzaffer Kuşakçıoğlu, Turkish politician (b. 1905)
• 1979 – Nicos Poulantzas, Greek-French sociologist and philosopher (b. 1936)
• 1987 – Jean Anouilh, French playwright (b. 1910)
• 1993 – Mahmut Şerafettin Dikerdem, Turkish diplomat and writer (b. 1916)
• 1998 – Roddy McDowall, English actor (b. 1928)
• 1999 – Akio Morita, Japanese businessman and founder of Sony (b. 1921)
• 2004 – Atalay Yörükoğlu, Turkish child psychology expert
• 2004 – Janet Leigh, American actress (b. 1927)
• 2005 – Francesco Scoglio, Italian coach (b. 1941)
• 2005 – Nurettin Ersin, Turkish soldier and 18th Chief of Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces (b. 1918)
• 2010 – Philippa Foot, English philosopher (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Masae Kasai, Japanese volleyball player (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Behcet Nacar, Turkish film actor (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Jean-Jacques Marcel, French former international football player (b. 1931)
• 2015 – Denis Healey, former British minister, Labor politician (b. 1917)
• 2016 – Ljupka Dimitrovska, Macedonian-born Croatian singer (b. 1946)
• 2016 – Andrew Vicari, Welsh painter (b. 1938)
• 2017 – Rodney Bickerstaffe, English activist, administrator, and trade unionist (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Michel Jouvet, French neurobiologist and oneirologist (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Isabella Karle, American female scientist (b. 1921)
• 2017 – Jalal Talabani, Iraqi Kurdish politician and 6th President of Iraq (b. 1933)
• 2018 – Elisabeth Andersen, Dutch actress (b. 1920)
• 2018 – Julien Bogaert, Belgian canoe racer (b. 1924)
• 2018 – Roger Gibbs, English entrepreneur and businessman (b. 1934)
• 2018 – Leon Lederman, American physicist (b. 1922)
• 2018 – John Von Ohlen, American jazz musician and composer (b. 1941)
• 2018 – Yıldırım Öcek, Turkish actor (b. 1952)
• 2019 – Diogo Freitas do Amaral, Portuguese politician, academic and Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1941)
• 2020 – Thomas Jefferson Byrd, American actor (b. 1950)
• 2020 – Karel Fiala, Czech opera singer and actor (b. 1925)
• 2020 – Armelia McQueen, American actress (b. 1952)

Holidays and special occasions 

• Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan – Cooperation Day of Turkic Speaking Countries
• World Walking Day (October 3-4)