Today in History: The Great Istanbul Fire Has Started

September 2 is the 245th (246th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 120.

Railways

• 2 September 1857 The original contract for the first railway line in Constanta-Chernovada (Bogazkoy) in Rumelia was signed and the construction of the line was finalized.
• 2 September 1908 Thessaloniki-Monastery Railway workers went on strike to raise wages and improve working conditions. Workers who accepted some of their requests 4 September made work at 1908.
• 2 September 1925 Construction of Kütahya-Balıkesir line started from Kütahya. It was built by Turkish contractors up to the Kütahya-Demirciören stop (13 km).
• 2 September 1925 Construction of Kütahya-Balıkesir line started from Kütahya. It was built by Turkish contractors up to the Kütahya-Demirciören stop (13 km).
• 2 September 1929 Kütahya-Orders line is opened.
• 2 September 1933 The Ulukışla-Kayseri line (172 km) was put into operation. The line cost a total of 16.200.000 pounds. Ankara-Adana landed at 1066 km to 669 km.
• 2 September 1940 entered the first train to Bismil station.
• 2 September 1945 Uzunköprü-Karağaç railway line was transferred to Greece.
• 2 September 2010 Darüşşafaka station opened.

Events 

• 1595 – The Ottoman Empire had to surrender the Esztergon Castle, which was under siege for a month.
• 1633 – Great Istanbul fire started. More than 20 thousand buildings were destroyed in the fire in Cibali. According to Kâtip Çelebi, one-fifth of the city was burned.
• 1666 – The Great Fire of London begins and lasts for three days; 13.200 houses and 87 churches were destroyed.
• 1826 – Police Organization was established in the Ottoman Empire.
• 1872 - The famous Hague Congress begins. At the congress, fierce debates will take place between Mikhail Bakunin and Karl Marx.
• 1885 – 150 white miners trying to unionize in Rock Springs, Wyoming attack Chinese miners; He killed 28, injured 15, and forced several hundred others to leave the city.
• 1922 – Turkish War of Independence: Turkish Armed Forces take Eskişehir under Greek rule.
• 1922 – General Trikupis, Commander-in-Chief of the Greek Armies, was taken prisoner by the Turks.
• 1925 – Airship crashes in the USA; 14 people died.
• 1925 – It was decided to close the dervish lodges and the officers to wear hats.
• 1929 - Cumhuriyet Feriha Tevfik Hanım was selected as the "Miss Turkey" in the first beauty contest organized by the newspaper. Feriha Tevfik became a cinema and theater actress.
• 1935 – hurricane in Florida Keys; 423 people died.
• 1938 – Hatay National Assembly was opened. Tayfur Sökmen was elected President.
• 1941 - German and Soviet troops begin fighting near Leningrad.
• 1945 – Aboard the Missouri battleship, the surrender of Japan is signed.
• 1945 – Vietnam declared its independence from France.
• 1947 – Istanbul Police Smuggling Bureau Chief was convicted of torture.
• 1954 - Ho Chi Minh is elected President of the newly formed Republic of North Vietnam.
• 1959 - Democrat Izmir newspaper editors Adnan Düvenci and Şeref Bakşık were each sentenced to sixteen months in prison; The newspaper was closed for 1 month.
• 1968 – Earthquake in Iran: 11 thousand people died.
• 1969 – The first ATM device in the USA is installed in Rockville Centre-New York.
• 1977 – An incident broke out between the teams who came to demolish the 1 May Neighborhood, founded by the revolutionaries, and the residents and revolutionaries. 12 people died. The neighborhood was rebuilt in about a week.
• 1983 – closed on 10 August Interpreter newspaper began to be published again.
• 1985 – A shipwreck, laden with ivory and copper and tin pieces, that sank 3400 years ago, was found off the port of Kas.
• 1993 – Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA) was founded.
• 1994 – The International Olympic Committee gave the “Strongest Athlete of the Century Award” to weightlifter Naim Süleymanoğlu.
• 1998 – A Swiss Airlines passenger plane crashes in Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia; 229 people died.
• 2011 – Turkey, upon the UN's announcement of the Mavi Marmara Report, decided to impose a five-point sanction against Israel.

Births 

• 1548 – Vincenzo Scamozzi, Italian architect (d. 1616)
• 1753 – John Borlase Warren, British Royal Navy officer, diplomat, and politician (d. 1822)
• 1778 – Louis Bonaparte, third surviving brother of Napoleon I, king of the Netherlands from 1806-1810 (d. 1846)
• 1812 – William Fox, New Zealand politician and statesman who served four terms as Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1893)
• 1838 – Liliuokalani, Hawaii's first and only de facto reigning Queen (d. 1917)
• 1853 – Wilhelm Ostwald, German chemist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1932)
• 1862 Stanisław Narutowicz, Polish lawyer and politician (d. 1932)
• 1877 – Frederick Soddy, English chemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (d. 1956)
• 1878 – Werner von Blomberg, German general (d. 1946)
• 1894 – Joseph Roth, Austrian novelist (b. 1939)
• 1901 – Andreas Embirikos, Greek poet and psychoanalyst (d. 1975)
• 1907 – Pertev Naili Boratav, Turkish writer and folk literature researcher (d. 1998)
• 1910 – Donald Watson, English activist (d. 2005)
• 1913 – Israel Gelfand, Soviet mathematician (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Bill Shankly, Scottish football player and manager (d. 1981)
• 1916 – Lütfi Ömer Akad, Turkish director (d. 2011)
• 1918 – Tarık Buğra, Turkish novel, story, playwright and journalist (d. 1994)
• 1919 – Marge Champion, American dancer, choreographer, and actress (d. 2020)
• 1922 – Arthur Ashkin, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 2020)
• 1924 – Daniel arab Moi, Kenyan politician (d. 2020)
• 1927 – İshak Alaton, Turkish businessman and founder of Alarko Holding (d. 2016)
• 1929 – Hal Ashby, American film director (d. 1988)
• 1931 – Wim Anderiesen Jr., Dutch former football player (d. 2016)
• 1933 – Mathieu Kérékou, Benin politician (d. 2015)
• 1934 – Chuck McCann, American actor, voice actor, puppeteer, and comedian (d. 2018)
• 1934 – Cengiz Topel, Turkish pilot captain (d. 1964)
• 1936 – Andrew Grove, Hungarian-born American engineer, businessman, and author (d. 2016)
• 1943 – Glen Sather, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
• 1945 – Erika Wallner, Argentinean celebrity, theater, film and television actress (d. 2016)
• 1945 – Nedim Doğan, Turkish theater, cinema, TV series actor and screenwriter (d. 2010)
• 1946 Billy Preston, American musician (d. 2006)
• 1947 – Louis Michel, Belgian liberal politician
• 1948 - Nate Archibald is an American former professional basketball player.
• 1948 – Christa McAuliffe, American teacher, astronaut (d. 1986)
• 1949 – Hans-Hermann Hoppe, German-American academic, libertarian, anarcho capitalist theorist, and Austrian School economist
• 1952 – Salih Memecan, Turkish cartoonist
• 1953 – Ahmad Shah Massoud, Afghan commander (d. 2001)
• 1953 - John Zorn, avant-garde artist, composer, arranger, producer, saxophonist and multi-instrumentalist
• 1960 – Kristin Halvorsen, Norwegian politician
• 1961 – Carlos Valderrama, Colombian national football player
• 1962 – Keir Starmer, British politician and former lawyer
• 1962 – Tracy Smothers, American professional wrestler (d. 2020)
• 1964 – Keanu Reeves, Canadian actor
• 1965 – Lennox Lewis, Jamaican-born British-Canadian professional boxer
• 1966 - Salma Hayek, Mexican actress
• 1966 – Olivier Panis, French race car driver
• 1967 – Andreas Möller, retired German football player
• 1968 – Cynthia Watros, American actress
• 1971 - César Sánchez, Spanish football player
• 1973 – Hande Ataizi, Turkish film actress
• 1973 – Pınar Altuğ, Turkish TV series actress and model
• 1973 - Katt Williams, American voice actor
• 1975 – Defne Joy Foster, Turkish actress, presenter and DJ (d. 2011)
• 1975 – Jill Janus, American rock singer (d. 2018)
• 1976 – Syleena Johnson, American R&B singer, songwriter, and actress
• 1977 – Erhan Celik, Turkish news anchor
• 1977 – Felipe Loureiro, Brazilian football player
• 1977 – Frédéric Kanouté, Malian football player
• 1980 – Danny Shittu, Nigerian football player
• 1981 – Ferhat Çerçi, Turkish-German football player
• 1982 – Joey Barton, English football player
• 1986 – Gonca Vuslateri, Turkish TV actress
• 1987 – Scott Moir, Canadian skater
• 1987 – Tuğba Yurt, Turkish pop music singer
• 1988 - Javi Martínez, Spanish national football player
• 1989 – Zedd, Russian-German music producer and DJ
• 1993 – Keita Fujimura,. Japanese football player
• 1995 – İbrahim Demir, Turkish football player
• 1996 – Ege Arar, Turkish basketball player

Deaths 

• 421 – III. Constantius, Roman Emperor (b. ?)
• 449 – Simeon Stylites, Christian Syriac ascetic saint (b. 390)
• 1274 – Prince Munetaka, sixth shogun of the Kamakura shogunate (b. 1242)
• 1651 – Kösem Sultan, Ottoman Regent and Valide Sultan (b. 1590)
• 1813 – Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (b. 1763)
• 1820 – Jiaqing, seventh emperor of China's Qing Dynasty (b. 1760)
• 1834 – Thomas Telford, Scottish engineer, architect, and stonemason (b. 1757)
• 1844 – Vincenzo Camuccini, Italian painter (b. 1771)
• 1862 – Afanasiy Yakovlevich Uvarovskaya, Saha Turk writer (b. 1800)
• 1865 – William Rowan Hamilton, Irish mathematician (b. 1805)
• 1872 – NFS Grundtvig, Danish philosopher, theologian, teacher, historian, and poet (b. 1783)
• 1877 – Konstantínos Kanáris, Greek sailor and politician (b. 1793)
• 1898 – Wilford Woodruff, 4th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1807)
• 1910 – Henri Rousseau, French painter (b. 1844)
• 1933 – Leonardo Bistolfi, Italian sculptor (b. 1859)
• 1937 – Pierre de Coubertin, French pedagogue, historian, and athlete (b. 1863)
• 1943 – Marsden Hartley, American painter (b. 1877)
• 1949 – Cemil Bilsel, Turkish lawyer, politician and academic (b. 1879)
• 1963 – Fazlullah Zahidi, Iranian general and statesman (b. 1897)
• 1968 – Sabiha Sertel, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1895)
• 1969 – Ho Chi Minh, President of Vietnam (b. 1890)
• 1973 – JRR Tolkien, English writer (b. 1892)
• 1973 – Şirali Müslümov, Azerbaijani farmer, claimed to be the oldest person in the world (b. 1805)
• 1983 – Feri Cansel, Turkish film actor (b. 1944)
• 1991 – Alfonso García Robles, Mexican politician and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1911)
• 1992 – Barbara McClintock, American scientist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1902)
• 1995 – Hıfzı Oğuz Bekata, Turkish politician, lawyer and journalist (b. 1911)
• 1997 – Viktor Emil Frankl, Austrian Holocaust survivor and psychiatrist (b. 1905)
• 2001 – Christiaan Barnard, South African heart surgeon (b. 1922)
• 2011 – Felipe Camiroaga, Chilean radio and television host (b. 1966)
• 2013 – Valérie Benguigui, French actress and theater director (b. 1965)
• 2013 – Ronald Coase, British-American economist and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
• 2013 – Frederik Pohl, American science fiction writer (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Paul Scoon, Grenadian politician (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Alain Testart, French social anthropologist (b. 1945)
• 2014 – Thierry Bianquis, French academic, orientalist, expert on Arabic culture (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Steven Joel Sotloff, Israeli-American journalist (b. 1983)
• 2015 – Brianna Lea Pruett, American singer, songwriter, musician, painter, poet, and photographer (b. 1983)
• 2015 – Simo Salminen, Finnish television actor and actor (b. 1932)
• 2016 – Gary D, German electronic musician and DJ (b. 1964)
• 2016 – Jerry Heller, American record producer (b. 1940)
• 2016 – Islam Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (b. 1938)
• 2016 – İhsan Sıtkı Yener, Turkish teacher and educator (inventor of the F keyboard) (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Marge Calhoun, American surfer (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Xiang Shouzhi, Chinese general and revolutionary (b. 1917)
• 2018 – Elsa Bloise, Argentine stage actress (b. 1926)
• 2018 – Giovanni Battista Urbani, Italian politician (b. 1923)
• 2018 – Claire Wineland, American activist, philanthropist, and author (b. 1997)
• 2019 – Atli Eðvaldsson, Icelandic former international football player and manager (b. 1957)
• 2019 – Gyoji Matsumot, Japanese former international football player (b. 1934)
• 2019 – Frederic Pryor, American economist (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Philippe Daverio, French-Italian art critic, educator, author, politician and television presenter (b. 1949)
• 2020 – MJ Appaji Gowda, Janata Dal (Secular) political activist and member of the Karnataka Legislative Council (b. 1951)
• 2020 – Irving Kanarek, American criminal defense attorney (b. 1920)
• 2020 – Celeste Nardini, Italian politician (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Agustín Roberto Radrizzani, Argentine Roman Catholic Archbishop (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Wanda Seux, Paraguayan-born Mexican cabaret artist, actress and dancer (b. 1948)
• 2020 – Dave Zeller, American professional basketball player (b. 1939)

Holidays and special occasions 

• Storm: Mihrijan Storm
• Vietnam National Day