Today in History: Fireplace Explosion at Kozlu Coal Mines in Zonguldak: 48 Workers Died

September 21 is the 264th (265th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 101.

Railways

• 21 September 1923 Eastern Railways came together with a group of British Bank Turkey's National Railways Company (National Railvvays of Turkey) founded. At that time, the company elected a board of directors composed of seven members, including the British.
• September 21, 1924 At the groundbreaking ceremony of the Samsun-Çeşamba narrow line, Mustafa Kemal Pasha said, “It is extremely important for our citizens to receive the privilege of constructing a railway with national capital. It can be easily guessed how much satisfaction and kindness such national initiatives are received by the government, our republic and the Presidency.”
• September 21, 2006, which train transport system between Turkey and Austria, the trucks began to transport Ro-La.
• 1949 – Erzurum – Hasankale railway was opened to transportation.

Events 

• 1792 – The Kingdom is dissolved by the Legislature and replaced by the First French Republic.
• 1858 - The Mughal Empire collapsed.
• 1903 – The first cowboy movie “Kit Carson” premiered in the USA.
• 1918 – The Battle of Megiddo ends with the loss of Syria by the Ottoman Empire.
• 1924 – Mustafa Kemal Pasha, “People, peasants everywhere warned me about the work schedule with these two words; The road is the school,” he said.
• 1932 – “Turkish Wrestling” competitions organized by the Himaye-i Etfal Society were held in Taksim Stadium.
• 1938 – The first TV news program is broadcast on the BBC.
• 1938 – Sudetenland Crisis: Poland dispatches troops to the Czechoslovakian border.
• 1943 – The first fascicle of the İnönü Encyclopedia was published.
• 1947 – A fire pit explosion in the Kozlu coal mines of Zonguldak: 48 workers died.
• 1958 – Prime Minister Adnan Menderes said that the Republican People's Party is not a party, that İsmet İnönü should quit politics and that the press cannot write what they want. Menderes, "We take İsmet Pasha, who punched us, and we treat him as he deserves." said.
• 1960 – May 27 was recognized as the “Freedom and Constitution Day”.
• 1964 – Malta gained its independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1977 – Turkish lira devalued; The dollar became 19,25 lira and the mark was 8,27 lira. This was the third devaluation of the National Front government in a year.
• 1980 – General Haydar Saltık became the Secretary General of the President. On the same day, Prime Minister Bülend Ulusu announced his cabinet. (see: September 12 Coup)
• 1981 - Belize gained its independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1995 – In the operation held in Izmir Buca Prison, 3 political prisoners and convicts lost their lives. The event went down in history as the Buca Massacre.

Births 

• 672 – Vitalianus was pope for the Catholic Church from 657 until his death in 672
• 1415 – III. Frederick, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1493)
• 1428 – Jingtai, seventh emperor of China's Ming Dynasty (d. 1457)
• 1452 – Girolamo Savonarola, Dominican cleric and ruler of Florence from 1494 to 1498 (d. 1498)
• 1645 – Louis Jolliet, Canadian explorer known for his discoveries in North America (d. 1700)
• 1840 – Murad V, 33rd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d 1904)
• 1842 – II. Abdülhamid, 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1918)
• 1853 – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Nobel Prize-winning Dutch physicist (d. 1926)
• 1863 – John Bunny was an American screenwriter and filmmaker (d. 1915)
• 1866 – Charles Nicolle, French bacteriology scholar (d. 1936)
• 1866 Herbert George Wells, English writer (d. 1946)
• 1867 Henry Stimson, American statesman (d. 1950)
• 1868 – Olga Knipper, Soviet actress (d. 1959)
• 1874 – Gustav Holst, English composer (d. 1934)
• 1879 – Peter McWilliam, Scottish former football player and manager (d. 1951)
• 1890 – Max Immelmann, German fighter Ace Pilot during World War I (d. 1916)
• 1900 – Yorgo Bacanos, Turkish composer and oud player (d. 1977)
• 1909 – Kwame Nkrumah, Ghanaian independence leader and President (d. 1972)
• 1912 – Chuck Jones, American animator, screenwriter, film producer, and film director (d. 2002)
• 1912 – György Sándor, Hungarian pianist (d. 2005)
• 1916 – Françoise Giroud, French journalist, author, and politician (d. 2003)
• 1919 – Fazlur Rahman Malik, Pakistani academic, scholar and intellectual (d. 1988)
• 1926 – Donald Arthur Glaser, Russian-American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Feridûn-i Mushîrî, Iranian poet and translator (d. 2000)
• 1929 – Sándor Kocsis, Hungarian football player (d. 1979)
• 1929 – Bernard Williams, English moral philosopher (d. 2003)
• 1931 – Larry Hagman, American film and television actor (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Leonard Cohen, Canadian poet and musician (d. 2016)
• 1934 – María Rubio, Mexican stage, film and television actress (d. 2018)
• 1935 – Jimmy Armfield, English football player and manager (d. 2018)
• 1936 – Yuri Luzhkov, Russian politician (d. 2019)
• 1936 – Nikos Pulancas, Greek sociologist and philosopher, Marxist political social scientist (d. 1979)
• 1939 – Agnivesh, Indian activist, educator, and politician (b. 2020)
• 1941 - R. James Woolsey Jr., director of the CIA 1993-1995
• 1945 – Jerry Bruckheimer is an American television and motion picture producer.
• 1946 – Moritz Leuenberger, Swiss politician and lawyer
• 1946 – March Siimann, Prime Minister of Estonia 1997-1999
• 1947 – Rupert Hine, English musician, songwriter and record producer (d. 2020)
• 1947 – Marsha Norman is an American playwright, screenwriter, television writer, and novelist.
• 1947 – Stephen King, American writer
• 1948 – Ali Murat Erkorkmaz, Turkish architect, writer, painter and musician
• 1950 - Bill Murray, American comedian and actor
• 1950 – Hale Soygazi, Turkish actress and model
• 1951 – Bruce Arena is a US-born former football player who played as a coach and goalkeeper.
• 1951 – Aslan Mashadov, Chechen leader (d. 2005)
• 1954 – Shinzo Abe, Japanese politician
• 1955 – Yisrael Katz, Israeli politician and minister
• 1956 – Marta Kauffman, American writer and producer
• 1957 – Ethan Coen, American director
• 1957 – Kevin Rudd, Australian politician
• 1959 – Crin Antonescu, Romanian politician
• 1959 – Andrzej Buncol, Polish national football player
• 1960 – Masume Ibtikar, Iranian journalist, politician and scientist
• 1961 – Nancy Travis is an American film and television actress.
• 1964 – Jorge Drexler, Uruguayan musician
• 1965 – Frederic Beigbeder, French writer
• 1966 – Nechirvan Barzani, Iraqi Kurdish politician
• 1967 – Yutaka Azuma, Japanese football player
• 1967 - Faith Hill, American country singer
• 1967 – Suman Pokhrel, Nepali poet
• 1970 – Samantha Power, Irish-American academic and diplomat
• 1971 – Luke Wilson is an Irish-American actor.
• 1972 – Olivia Bonamy, French actress
• 1972 – Liam Gallagher, English musician
• 1973 – Virginia Ruano Pascual, Spanish professional tennis player
• 1973 – Oswaldo Sánchez, Mexican former football player
• 1974 – Özgür Özel, Turkish pharmacist and politician
• 1979 – Richard Dunne, Irish football player
• 1979 - Monika Merl, German athlete who won the German Track and Field Championship in the 800 meters
• 1980 – Autumn Reeser, American actress
• 1980 – Kareena Kapoor, Indian actress
• 1981 - Nicole Richie is the adopted daughter of American singer Lionel Richie.
• 1983 - Fernando Cavenaghi, Argentine football player
• 1983 - Anna Favella, Italian actress
• 1983 – Maggie Grace, American actress
• 1983 - Joseph Mazzello is an American actor.
• 1984 – Wale, American rapper
• 1986 – Lindsey Stirling, American violinist, musician, dancer, performance artist, singer, composer
• 1986 – Yasemin Yuruk, Turkish musician, R&B singer and member of Grup Hepsi
• 1987 – Marcelo Estigarribia, Paraguayan national football player
• 1987 – Ryan Guzman, American actor and model
• 1987 – Courtney Paris, American professional basketball player
• 1987 – Michał Pazdan, Polish national football player
• 1988 - Bilawal Bhutto Zardari is the only son of former Pakistani prime minister Benazir Bhutto and his wife Asif Ali Sardari
• 1989 – Jason Derulo, Haitian-American singer and actor
• 1990 – Al-Farouq Aminu, Nigerian professional basketball player
• 1992 – Chen is a South Korean singer and actor.
• 1992 – Rodrigo Godínez, Mexican football player
• 1993 – Kwon Mina is a South Korean singer and actress.
• 1993 – Ante Rebić, Croatian national football player
• 1994 – Hideki Ishige, Japanese football player
• 1994 – Davide Balleri, Italian cyclist
• 1995 – Diego Jara Rodrigues, Brazilian football player

Deaths 

• 19 BC – Publius Vergilius Maro, Roman poet (b. 70 BC)
• 454 – Flavius ​​Aetius, Roman general (b. ~396)
• 687 – Konon was Pope from October 21, 686 until his death in 687 (b. 630)
• 1235 – II. András, king of Hungary and Croatia from 1205 to 1235 (b. 1177)
• 1347 – II. Edward, king of England from 1307-1327 (b. 1284)
• 1558 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Spain and King of Germany (b. 1500)
• 1576 – Gerolamo Cardano, Italian mathematician, physicist, astrologer, and physician (b. 1501)
• 1643 – Hong Taiji, second emperor of China's Qing Dynasty (b. 1592)
• 1798 – George Read, American lawyer and politician (b. 1773)
• 1832 – Walter Scott, Scottish writer (b. 1771)
• 1860 – Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher (b. 1788)
• 1904 – Chief Joseph, Indian chief of the Wallowa branch of the Nimipu (b. 1840)
• 1932 – Ahmet Rasim, Turkish writer (b. 1864)
• 1937 – Bernát Munkácsi, Hungarian Turcologist (b. 1860)
• 1938 – Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić, Croatian writer (b. 1874)
• 1944 – Arthur Phleps, II. Waffen-SS lieutenant general during World War II, holding the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer (b. 1881)
• 1947 – Harry Carey American actor (b. 1878)
• 1948 – Circassian Ethem, Turkish soldier of Circassian descent (b. 1886)
• 1953 – Necmettin Sadık Sadak, Turkish journalist and politician (b. 1890)
• 1957 – VII. Haakon, king of Norway from 1905 until his death in 1957 (b. 1872)
• 1959 – Ruşen Eşref Ünaydın, Turkish writer, politician and diplomat (b. 1892)
• 1964 – Otto Grotewohl, German politician (b. 1894)
• 1966 – Paul Reynaud, French politician and former prime minister (b. 1878)
• 1971 – Bernardo Houssay, Argentine physiologist (b. 1887)
• 1973 – Burhanettin Ökte, Turkish ney player (b. 1904)
• 1974 – Walter Brennan, American actor (b. 1894)
• 1974 – Jacqueline Susann, American writer (b. 1918)
• 1975 – Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu, Turkish painter and poet (b. 1911)
• 1982 – Ivan Bagramyan, USSR soldier of Armenian descent, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1897)
• 1989 – Ertem Eğilmez, Turkish director (b. 1929)
• 1998 – Florence Griffith-Joyner, American athlete (b. 1959)
• 2000 – Leonid Rogozov, Soviet medical doctor (b. 1934)
• 2005 – Tanju Korel, Turkish actress and director (b. 1944)
• 2007 – Alice Ghostley, American actress (b. 1923)
• 2010 – Grace Bradley, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1913)
• 2012 – Sven Hassel, Danish-born soldier and war novelist (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Güner Namlı, Turkish TV and TV series producer (b. 1938)
• 2015 – İbrahim Cevahir, Turkish businessman (b. 1938)
• 2016 – Régis Barailla, French politician (b. 1933)
• 2016 – Shawty Lo, American rapper and hip hop musician (b. 1976)
• 2016 – John Mulvaney, Australian archaeologist (b. 1925)
• 2017 – David Beatson, New Zealand journalist, media analyst and television news presenter (b. 1944)
• 2017 – Liliane Bettencourt, French heiress, socialite, businesswoman and philanthropist (b. 1922)
• 2017 – William G. Stewart, English producer, director and presenter (b. 1933)
• 2018 – Vitaliy Andriiovych Masol, Ukrainian politician who was Prime Minister of Ukraine from 1994 to 1995 (b. 1928)
• 2018 – Trần Đại Quang, Vietnamese politician (b. 1952)
• 2019 – Aron Eisenberg, American actor and voice actor (b. 1969)
• 2019 – Sid Haig, American veteran actor (b. 1939)
• 2019 – Sigmund Jähn, German astronaut and test pilot (b. 1937)
• 2019 – Günter Kunert, German writer, poet and translator (b. 1929)
• 2019 – Woo Hye-mi, South Korean female singer (b. 1988)
• 2019 – Aleko Yordan, Turkish football player (b. 1938)
• 2020 – Arthur Ashkin, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1922)
• 2020 – Hamdi Benani, Algerian singer and musician (b. 1943)
• 2020 – Tommy DeVito, American musician and singer (b. 1928)
• 2020 – Michael Lonsdale, French actor and painter (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Jackie Stallone, American astrologer, dancer, and professional wrestler (mother of Sylvester Stallone) (b. 1921)

Holidays and special occasions 

• world peace Day
• World Alzheimer's Day