Today in History: The Battle of Manzikert Won

August 26 is the 238th (239th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 127.

Railways

• In the telegram sent to Behiç Bey, the General Director of Railways from Reşat Bey, who acted as the Deputy of Nafia at the times of the Great Attack on the 26th of August, 1922, “In this minute, every nation sees our shymendiffs and our devoted shymenders as the only victory of our hero army after Allah. "he said.
• 26 August 1922 The Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was put into service with the participation of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

Events 

• 1071 – The Battle of Manzikert was won when the army under the command of Alp Arslan, the Great Seljuk Ruler, defeated the Byzantine armies under the command of Romanian Diogenes.
• 1789 - The French National Assembly adopted the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen".
• 1920 - Women voted for the first time in the United States.
• 1921 – Commander-in-Chief Mustafa Kemal Pasha's order in the Battle of Sakarya: “There is no line defense, there is surface defense. That surface is the whole country. Before all pieces of land get wet with citizens blood, homeland can not be left."
• 1922 – Turkish War of Independence: The Turkish Army begins a general offensive against the Greek Army on the Western Front. The Commander-in-Chief of the Turkish Army, Marshal Gazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha, was directing the attack from Kocatepe himself.
• 1924 – İşbank was established. The first General Manager was Celal (Bayar) Bey, who left the former Deputy Minister of Economy and the Ministry of Population, Reconstruction and Settlement. The founding capital of İşbank was TL 1 million.
• 1932 – The Istanbul team came first in the swimming races in Büyükdere, which was held for the first time in Turkey.
• 1936 – The United Kingdom gives Egypt its independence, except for the Suez Canal.
• 1936 – The first audio television show was made on the BBC channel.
• 1947 – The Government of Recep Peker received a vote of confidence from the Parliament. 35 CHP deputies voted against.
• 1957 - Transistor radio launched. The number of radio receivers, which was only 1927 in 7, exceeded 1950 in the 300s.
• 1972 – Humor magazine Snoringstarted to be published under the direction of Oğuz Aral.
• 1991 – İstinye Shipyard was closed.
• 2000 – Job Towers was completed.
• 2002 – The “Ataturk and the War of Independence Museum”, which was rebuilt in Anıtkabir, was opened by President Ahmet Necdet Sezer.

Births 

• 1676 – Robert Walpole, English politician and first British Prime Minister (d. 1745)
• 1728 – Johann Heinrich Lambert, German physicist, mathematician, and astronomer (d. 1777)
• 1740 – Joseph Michel Montgolfier, French aviator and inventor of the hot air balloon (d. 1810)
• 1743 – Antoine Lavoisier, French chemist (d. 1794)
• 1819 – Albert, wife of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (d. 1861)
• 1829 – Theodor Billroth, German surgeon (d. 1894)
• 1873 – Lee de Forest, American inventor (d. 1961)
• 1880 – Guillaume Apollinaire, Italian-born French poet, writer, and art critic (d. 1918)
• 1882 – James Franck, German physicist and Nobel Prize-winning scientist (d. 1964)
• 1883 – Sam Hardy, English football player (d. 1966)
• 1885 – Jules Romains, French novelist, playwright, and poet (founder of the literary movement known as Unanism) (d. 1972)
• 1886 – Rudolf Belling, German sculptor (d. 1972)
• 1898 – Marguerite Guggenheim, American art collector (d. 1979)
• 1900 – Hellmuth Walter, German engineer (d. 1980)
• 1901 – Hans Kammler, German civil engineer (d. 1945)
• 1901 – Maxwell Taylor, US Army general and former diplomat (d. 1987)
• 1904 – Christopher Isherwood, English writer (d. 1986)
• 1906 – Albert Bruce Sabin, Polish-American medical researcher (d. 1993)
• 1908 – Walter Bruno Henning, East Prussian-born linguist (d. 1967)
• 1910 – Mother Teresa, Albanian nun and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 1997)
• 1914 – Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca, Turkish poet (d. 2008)
• 1914 – Julio Cortázar, Argentine novelist and short story writer (who combined existential inquiry with experimental writing techniques in his work) (d. 1984)
• 1918 – Katherine Johnson, American astrophysicist, space scientist, and mathematician (d. 2020)
• 1920 – Prem Tinsulanonda, Thai military officer and politician (d. 2019)
• 1922 – Çetin Karamanbey, Turkish filmmaker and journalist (d. 1995)
• 1925 – Alain Peyrefitte, French politician (d. 1999)
• 1934 – Tom Heinsohn, American professional basketball player (d. 2020)
• 1936 – Benedict Anderson, Anglo-Irish-American political scientist (d. 2015)
• 1940 – Don LaFontaine, American voice actor (d. 2008)
• 1941 – Ayşe Kulin, Turkish writer and journalist
• 1946 - Alison Steadman, English actress
• 1949 – Allahshukur Pashazade is the Religious Leader of the Caucasian Muslims
• 1950 – Ahmet Özhan, Turkish singer and actor
• 1950 – Suavi, Turkish songwriter and singer
• 1950 – Arlene Gottfried, American photographer (d. 2017)
• 1951 – Edward Witten, American theoretical physicist
• 1952 – Michael Jeter, American actor and voice actor (d. 2003)
• 1953 – David Hurley, former senior officer in the Australian Army
• 1956 - Brett Cullen is an American television and film actor.
• 1960 – Branford Marsalis, American saxophonist and composer
• 1961 – Fahrudin Ömerovic, Bosnia and Herzegovina football player and coach
• 1962 – Tariq Ramadan, Egyptian-Swiss Islamologist, intellectual and academic
• 1963 – Kürşat Başar, Turkish journalist, writer, television personality and screenwriter
• 1964 – Mihriban Aliyeva, vice-president of the Republic of Azerbaijan as of February 21, 2017 and wife of President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev
• 1966 – Shirley Manson, Scottish recording artist and actress
• 1969 – Adrian Young, American musician
• 1970 – Melissa McCarthy, American actress and comedian
• 1971 – Thalía, Mexican latin pop singer, composer, songwriter, and actor
• 1976 – Mike Colter is an American actor.
• 1976 – Can Gazalcı, Turkish short story and novelist
• 1977 – Bülent Şakrak, Turkish actor and presenter
• 1978 - Amanda Schull, American actress and dancer
• 1979 – Yağmur Sarıgül, Turkish composer and electric guitarist of the maNga band
• 1980 – Chris Pine, American actor
• 1980 – Macaulay Culkin, American actor
• 1981 - Vangelis Moras, Greek football player
• 1982 – Gamze Özçelik, Turkish actress, presenter, model and model
• 1982 – Tuğçe Kazaz, Turkish model, model and actress
• 1983 – Mattia Cassani, Italian national football player
• 1986 – Colin Kazim Richards, Turkish football player
• 1986 Tori Black, American porn star
• 1986 - Cassie Ventura, American singer, model, and actress
• 1987 – Ksenia Sukhinova, Russian model
• 1988 - Lars Stindl, German national football player
• 1989 – James Harden is an American professional basketball player.
• 1990 – Mateo Musacchio, Argentine national football player
• 1991 – Dylan O'Brien, American actor, musician, and director
• 1993 - Keke Palmer, American actress and singer
• 1993 – Robert Schick, German football player
• 1994- Lauren Taylor, British amateur golfer
• 1998 – Berke Aygündüz, Turkish basketball player

Deaths 

• 887 – Kōkō, 58th emperor of Japan in traditional succession (b. 830)
• 1212 – IV. Mihail Otoreianos was made the Patriarch of Constantinople, in exile from 1206 until his death in 1212.
• 1346 – John I was king of Luxembourg from 1313 and Bohemia from 1310 and titular king of Poland (b. 1296)
• 1666 – Frans Hals, Dutch painter (b. ca. 1580)
• 1713 – Denis Papin, French physicist (b. 1647)
• 1723 – Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch scientist (b. 1632)
• 1810 – Santiago de Liniers, governor of the Spanish colonies (b. 1753)
• 1850 – Louis-Philippe, king of the French from 1830-1848 (b. 1773)
• 1865 – Johann Franz Encke, German astronomer (b. 1791)
• 1866 – Joseph Weydemeyer, Prussian and US army officer, journalist, politician, and Marxist revolutionary (b. 1818)
• 1895 – Friedrich Miescher, Swiss biologist (b. 1844)
• 1910 – William James, American author and psychologist (b. 1842)
• 1915 – Rupen Sevag, Ottoman Armenian physician (b. 1885)
• 1921 – Sándor Wekerle, Hungarian politician (b. 1848)
• 1930 – Lon Chaney, Sr., American actor (b. 1883)
• 1937 – Andrew W. Mellon, American businessman, industrialist, statesman, philanthropist, and art collector (b. 1855)
• 1943 – Bimen Şen, Turkish composer (b. 1873)
• 1944 – Adam von Trott zu Solz, German lawyer, diplomat, and anti-Nazi resister (b. 1909)
• 1945 – Franz Werfel, Austrian novelist, playwright, and poet (b. 1890)
• 1956 – Ralph Vaughan Williams, English composer (b. 1872)
• 1957 – Umberto Saba, Italian poet and novelist (b. 1883)
• 1968 – Kay Francis, American actress (b. 1899)
• 1971 – Sabiha Sultan, daughter of Sultan Vahdettin (b. 1894)
• 1974 – Adem Yavuz, Turkish journalist (killed by Greeks in Operation Cyprus) (b. 1943)
• 1974 – Charles Lindbergh, American aviator (the first to fly across the Atlantic Ocean) (b. 1902)
• 1975 – İsmet Uluğ, Turkish football player, boxer and sportsman (b. 1901)
• 1978 – Charles Boyer, French actor (b. 1899)
• 1979 – Mika Waltari, Finnish writer (b. 1908)
• 1980 – Tex Avery, American cartoonist (Bugs Bunny etc.) (b. 1908)
• 1987 – Georg Wittig, German chemist (b. 1897)
• 1988 – Carlos Paião, Portuguese singer-songwriter (b. 1957)
• 1989 – Irving Stone, American author (b. 1903)
• 1997 – Füreya Koral, Turkish female ceramic artist (b. 1910)
• 1998 – Frederick Reines, American physicist (b. 1918)
• 2001 – Marita Petersen, Faroe Islands politician (b. 1940)
• 2004 – Laura Branigan, American singer (b. 1952)
• 2006 – Rainer Barzel, German politician (b. 1924)
• 2006 – Muzaffer Buyrukçu, Turkish writer (b. 1928)
• 2007 – Gaston Thorn, Former prime minister of Luxembourg (b. 1928)
• 2010 – Raimon Panikkar-Alemany, Spanish catholic philosopher and theologian (b. 1918)
• 2012 – AK Hangal was an Indian freedom fighter from 1929 to 1947 (b. 1914)
• 2016 – Tonny Pronk, Dutch national football player (b. 1941)
• 2016 – Jānis Reinis, Latvian actor (b. 1960)
• 2016 – Erika Wallner, Argentine celebrity, theater, film and TV actress (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Tobe Hooper, American director and screenwriter (b. 1943)
• 2017 – Muzaffer İzgü, Turkish writer and teacher (b. 1933)
• 2017 – Wilson das Neves, Brazilian percussionist and singer (b. 1936)
• 2017 – Alan Root, British-Kenyan documentary filmmaker and cinematographer (b. 1937)
• 2018 – Inge Borkh, German soprano and opera singer (b. 1917)
• 2018 – Rosa Bouglione, French circus performer (b. 1910)
• 2018 – Aretha Franklin, American singer and musician (b. 1942)
• 2018 – Federico Barbosa Gutiérrez, Mexican politician (b. 1952)
• 2018 – Thomas Joseph O'Brien, American Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1935)
• 2018 – Neil Simon, American playwright (b. 1927)
• 2019 – Pal Benko, International chess grandmaster (b. 1928)
• 2019 – Christian Bonaud, French writer, philosopher and translator (b. 1957)
• 2019 – Ray Henwood, Welsh-New Zealand actor (b. 1937)
• 2019 – Tom Jordan, American professional baseball player (b. 1919)
• 2019 – Isabel Toledo, Cuban-American fashion designer (b. 1960)
• 2020 – Oscar Cruz, Filipino Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1934)
• 2020 – Adrien Gouteyron, French politician (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Dirk Frederik Mudge, Namibian politician (b. 1928)
• 2020 – Joe Ruby, American animator, writer, editor, and producer (b. 1933)

Holidays and special occasions 

• World Dog Day