Country economies are structures that can be affected by global developments. The OECD, which has been in existence since 1961, is an organization that closely follows these processes as an organization and takes action on the necessary issues. It is possible to follow up-to-date information on both a country and a global basis with OECD data published periodically.
What is OECD?
OECD expansion, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; Its Turkish equivalent is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The OECD was created to support and improve European economies after the Second World War. The organization started to operate in line with the Marshall Plan to distribute approximately $12 billion in financial aid from Canada and the USA at that time.
When Was the OECD Founded?
OECD was established on 14.12.1960 with the signing of Paris Convention on 30.09.1961. The OECD is the heir to the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), which was established in 1948 to restructure Europe in line with the Marshall Plan. On 02.08.1961, the Republic of Turkey ratified the OECD Convention and joined the OECD as a founding member.
What are OECD Countries?
There are 20 founding member countries within the OECD. The OECD founding countries are:
- Turkey
- ABD
- Austria
- Canada
- Netherlands
- France
- Germany
- Luxembourg
- England
- Italy
- Belgium
- Irlanda
- Danimarka
- Yunanistan
- İsveç
- İsviçre
- İzlanda
- Spain
- Norveç
- Portekiz
Additional new OECD members were added to these founding countries later on. It is possible to rank these countries as follows:
- Finlandiya
- Japonya
- Avustralya
- Güney Kore
- New Zeland
- Meksika
The countries that were included in the 1990s after the collapse of the Soviet Union in order to accelerate the integration with the West are as follows:
- Macaristan
- Czech Republic
- Polonya
- Slovakya
Countries that have been members since 2010 include:
- Estonya
- Slovenya
- Israil
- Sili
- Latvia (2016)
- Lithuania (2018)
- Colombia (2020)
The last OECD member country was Costa Rica (May 2021).
Countries that are in close contact with the OECD but are not members are:
- Hindi Stan
- China
- Endonezya
- Thailand
- South Africa Republic
What are the OECD's Duties?
It is possible to list the main tasks of the OECD as follows:
- To provide and publish economic, social and statistical data,
- To follow and research the changes and developments in environment, agriculture, technology and trade policies and financial policies,
- Analyzing and predicting developments in the economy,
- To compare policy experiences of different countries, to seek solutions to observed common problems, to identify good practices, to assist OECD member countries in coordinating domestic and international policies.
In some cases, the OECD sends experts to underdeveloped and developing countries to help them. OECD experts carry out development-oriented studies in the countries they visit.
What is the OECD Structure?
OECD operates on three basic principles in terms of its organization, structure and establishment. The first of these is the OECD council. The main structure that provides the link between countries and the OECD is the embassies. The second basic structure is the existence of permanent committees. Thanks to these committees, states can exchange ideas on policy actions quickly and fairly. In addition, it is not required to be one of the member states in order to be in the OECD committee. States that are not members but have close contact with the OECD may also take part in the committee. The last basic structure is the secretariat with over 3000 employees. The secretariat is vital to the OECD, providing guidance on many issues by working in coordination with policy makers in member countries.
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