Today in History: Code Name Kartal F-15 Fighter Made Its First Flight

July 27 is the 208nd (209rd in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 157 days left until the end of the year.

Railways

• 27 July 1887 The commission established under the presidency of Judge Cevdet Pasha and the dispute between the Ottoman Empire and Baron Hirsen was examined. The Commission concluded that so wrong and exorbitant treatment could not be a mistake and error, and that it was the result of bribery and corruption. With this deadline, the commission said that the government should demand approximately 4-5 million pounds (90 million Frank) from the company.
• 27 July 1917 350 rail has been damaged on the Müderric-Gift route. At the end of the most violent attack of the rebellion, the Sehilmatra Station passed into the hands of the rebels and the 570 rail was destroyed.

Events 

• 1302 – The Battle of Koyunhisar between the Ottoman Principality and the Byzantine Empire resulted in the victory of Osman Gazi.
• 1526 – The Siege of Petrovaradin between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary resulted in an Ottoman victory.
• 1794 – Maximilien Robespierre, one of the Jacobin leaders of the French Revolution, is overthrown and arrested by the French National Assembly. Robespierre was executed on 28 July.
• 1921 – Researchers led by biochemist Frederick Banting from the University of Toronto announced that they had discovered the hormone insulin.
• 1930 – The editor-in-chief was Selim Ragıp Emeç. Last Post newspaper began to be published in Istanbul.
• 1949 - The world's first jet-powered passenger aircraft, the de Havilland Comet, made its maiden flight. It will make its first commercial flight in May 1952.
• 1953 – Panmunjom Armistice Agreement: The armistice agreement ending the Korean War, in which more than two million people died, is signed in the village of Panmunjom.
• 1964 – Blacks in the United States obtained the right to appeal to the Federal Court.
• 1971 – “Temporary Trade Agreement” was signed between Turkey and the Common Market.
• 1972 - Kartal The code-named fighter F-15 made its maiden flight.
• 1976 – While speaking at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel, CHP Chairman Bülent Ecevit in the United States was assassinated by Greek Cypriot Staviros Skopetrides.
• 1991 – The Republic of Adygea was established.
• 1993 – It was decided to extend the mandate of Chief of General Staff Doğan Güreş by 1 year.
• 1995 – A fire broke out in the Ammunition Division in the Pamukova district of Sakarya, the arsenal was blown up. The district with a population of 15 thousand was evacuated.
• 1996 – Two people were killed in an explosion at the Atlanta Olympic Park. TRT cameraman Melih Uzunyol, who ran to the scene, also died of a heart attack.
• 2000 – Syria's new President, Bashar Assad, announces that he pardons the remaining sentences of political prisoners in his country.
• 2002 – During the air show in Ukraine, a fighter plane (Su-27) crashed, killing 77 people in the audience.
• 2008 – Gungoren attack: At around 22:00, two explosions occurred in the Menderes Exit, located on Kınalı Street in Istanbul Güngören, Güven Mahallesi. In the explosion, 2 people lost their lives and 18 were injured.
• 2012 – in London, XXX. The opening ceremony of the Olympic Games was held.
• 2018 – Bloody lunar eclipse took place.

Births 

• 1612 – IV. Murat, 17th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1640)
• 1804 – Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach, German philosopher (d. 1872)
• 1824 – Alexandre Dumas, fils, French writer (d. 1895)
• 1848 – Loránd Eötvös, Hungarian physicist (d. 1919)
• 1853 – Vladimir Korolenko, Russian and Ukrainian short story writer, journalist, human rights activist, and humanitarian (d. 1921)
• 1867 – Enrique Granados, Spanish pianist and composer (d. 1916)
• 1881 – Hans Fischer, German chemist (d. 1945)
• 1881 – Rauf Orbay, Turkish soldier and politician (d. 1964)
• 1917 – Bourvil, French actor and singer (d. 1970)
• 1918 – Leonard Rose, American musician (d. 1984)
• 1924 – Sırrı Gültekin, Turkish actor, film director and screenwriter (d. 2008)
• 1927 – Fana Koçovska, Macedonian resistance fighter, Yugoslav Partisan and National Hero of the Order of the People's Hero (d. 2004)
• 1946 – Donny the Punk, American political activist (d. 1996)
• 1953 – İskender Doğan, Turkish singer and songwriter
• 1965 – José Luis Chilavert, Paraguayan football player
• 1968 – Julian McMahon, Australian actor
• 1969 - Triple H, American professional wrestler (WWE)
• 1970 – Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Danish theater and film actor
• 1972 – Dorota Swieniewicz, Polish volleyball player
• 1972 – Maya Rudolph, American actress and comedian
• 1973 Cassandra Clare, American fiction writer
• 1975 – Serkan Çeliköz, Turkish composer, arranger, producer and member of maSKott group
• 1977 – Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Irish actor
• 1987 – Allama, Turkish rap musician
• 1993 – George Shelley, English singer and member of Union J.

Deaths 

• 1276 – Jaime I (Jaime the Conqueror), King of Aragon (b. 1208)
• 1759 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French philosopher and scientist (b. 1698)
• 1783 – Johann Kirnberger, German composer and theorist (b. 1721)
• 1841 – Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov, Russian writer and poet (b. 1814)
• 1844 – John Dalton, English physicist and chemist (b. 1766)
• 1844 – Joseph Smith, Jr., American religious leader and founder and first Prophet of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1805)
• 1907 – Edmond Demolins, French social historian (b. 1852)
• 1924 – Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist and composer (b. 1866)
• 1926 – Kara Kemal, Ottoman statesman and co-founder of the Police Station (b. 1868)
• 1936 – Albert Gould, Australian politician and lawyer (b. 1847)
• 1937 – Hans Dahl, Norwegian painter (b. 1849)
• 1946 – Gertrude Stein, American novelist and poet (b. 1874)
• 1970 – António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese dictator (b. 1889)
• 1980 – Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (b. 1919)
• 1981 – William Wyler, French-born American film director (b. 1902)
• 1982 – Arif Hikmet Koyunoğlu, Turkish architect and photographer (b. 1888)
• 1984 – James Mason, English actor (b. 1909)
• 1991 – Gülare Aziz Kizi Aliyeva, Soviet musician and pianist of Azerbaijani origin
• 1994 – Kevin Carter, South African photographer and Pulitzer Prize winner (suicide) (b. 1960)
• 1995 – Melih Esenbel, Turkish diplomat and former Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1915)
• 1995 – Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian-American film score composer (b. 1907)
• 2003 – Bob Hope, American comedian (b. 1903)
• 2008 – Yusuf Şahin, Egyptian film director (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Hüseyin Aktaş, Turkish athlete (b. 1941)
• 2012 – Jack Taylor, English football referee (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Tony Martin, American singer and film actor (b. 1913)
• 2019 – Işılay Saygın, Turkish architect and politician (b. 1947)
• 2019 – Yalçın Gülhan, Turkish actor (b. 1944)