Today in History: The First Turkish Plane Made in Istanbul, Crashed on the Road to Ankara

July 13 is the 194nd (195rd in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 171 days left until the end of the year.

Railways

• 13 July 1878 The Treaty of Berlin left the Ruse-Varna line to the Bulgarian government on condition that all the obligations and obligations were fulfilled. He retained his rights over the railroads in the eastern Rumelia province.
• 13 July 1886 was the train crash near the Tarsus bridge; 1 mechanic died 4 wagon was destroyed.
• 13 July 2009 Demir Xnumx of the Hejaz and Baghdad Railways. Photography Exhibition Ser was opened at the Art Gallery of the Directorate General of Press and Information.

Events 

• 1793 - Jean-Paul Marat, one of the leaders of the French Revolution, is stabbed to death by his opponent, Charlotte Corday.
• 1878 – The Treaty of Berlin is signed between the Ottoman Empire, Tsarist Russia, Great Britain, the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Kingdom of Italy, and France.
• 1921 – Occupation of Afyon by the Greeks.
• 1923 – The famous "Hollywood" lettering, consisting of 14-meter-tall letters, was built on the Hollywood hills in Los Angeles. While the font was originally "Hollywoodland", the last four letters were omitted during the 1949 renovation.
• 1930 – The first World Football Championship started in Uruguay.
• 1937 – France officially declared the independence of Hatay.
• 1938 – The first Turkish plane made in Istanbul crashed on the way to Ankara.
• 1938 – Turkish Grain Board was established.
• 1941 – II. World War II: Montenegrins start a popular uprising against the Axis Powers. (Trinaestojulski Ustanak)
• 1949 – Pope XII. Pius said that those who belonged to the Communist Party would be excommunicated.
• 1959 – An American Air Base was established in Trabzon.
• 1960 – Said Nursi's tomb was opened; His body was buried in an unknown place around Barla, Isparta.
• 1966 – The motion of no confidence in Turkey-United States relations by Çetin Altan, Istanbul Deputy of the Workers' Party of Turkey, was rejected.
• 1971 – Professor Mümtaz Soysal and writer Sevgi Soysal got married in Mamak Prison.
• 1976 – Yılmaz Güney, accused of murdering the Yumurtalık Prosecutor Sefa Mutlu, was sentenced to 19 years in prison.
• 1979 – 4 Palestinians raided the Egyptian Embassy in Ankara, killed a policeman and a guard, and took the Ambassador and other staff hostage. On 14 July, an Egyptian trying to escape from the Embassy was killed. After meeting with PLO officials the same day, the guerrillas; released three hostages, two of them Turks. In the operation in which the Minister of Interior Hasan Fehmi Güneş was also present, the guerrillas surrendered after 45 hours, leaving the hostages. At the end of the trial, they were sentenced to death on December 23, 1980.
• 1985 – “Live Aid” concert was held to reduce deaths due to poverty and famine in Africa.
• 1992 – Prof. İhsan Doğramacı resigned from the Presidency of YÖK. Mehmet Sağlam, the Rector of 19 Mayıs University, was appointed instead.
• 1993 – The piece of cloth dating back 9 thousand years found in the excavations around Ergani in Diyarbakir was declared to be the oldest cloth residue.
• 1993 – 34th International Mathematics Olympiad was held in Istanbul.
• 1995 – Senrkent flood disaster: 74 people died in the flood disaster in Senarkent district of Isparta.

Births 

• 1527 – John Dee, English mathematician and scientist (d. 1609)
• 1579 – Arthur Dee, English physician (d. 1651)
• 1607 – Wenceslas Hollar, Bohemian-English engraver (d. 1677)
• 1608 – III. Ferdinand, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1657)
• 1745 – Robert Calder, British admiral (d. 1818)
• 1760 – István Pauli, Hungarian-Slovenian priest and writer (d. 1829)
• 1770 – Alexander Balashov, Russian general (d. 1837)
• 1793 – John Clare, English poet (d. 1864)
• 1841 – Otto Wagner, Austrian architect (d. 1918)
• 1847 – Poet Eşref, Turkish poet and district governor (d. 1912)
• 1882 – İbrahim Çallı, Turkish painter (d. 1960)
• 1892 – Sultan Galiyev, Tatar Turk, political thinker (d. 1940)
• 1894 – Isaac Babel, Soviet-Russian journalist, playwright, and translator (d. 1940)
• 1902 – Cemal Nadir Güler, Turkish cartoonist (d. 1947)
• 1909 – Souphanouvong, first President of Laos (d. 1995)
• 1923 – Alexandre Astruc, French director (d. 2016)
• 1927 – Simone Veil, French minister, politician (d. 2017)
• 1934 - Wole Soyinka, Nigerian writer
• 1935 – Monique Wittig, French writer and feminist theorist (d. 2003)
• 1938 – Michael Verhoeven, German film director
• 1940 – Patrick Stewart, Emmy and Golden Globe-winning English actor, director, and voice actor
• 1941 – Robert Foster, American actor (d. 2019)
• 1942 - Harrison Ford, American actor
• 1944 – Ernő Rubik, Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture
• 1944 – Nino Varon, Turkish-Jewish musician and producer
• 1950 – Ma Ying-jeou, President of the Republic of China
• 1952 – Alyaksandr Tihanovic, Belarusian singer (d. 2017)
• 1953 – Selcuk Method, Turkish theater and film actor
• 1954 – Ahmet Demircan, Turkish physician and politician
• 1954 – Sezen Aksu, Turkish singer, composer, lyricist and producer
• 1957 – Penny Cook, Australian actress and director (d. 2018)
• 1957 – Cameron Crowe, American screenwriter and film director
• 1964 – Frans Maas, Dutch long jumper
• 1967 – Benny Benassi, Grammy-winning Italian disc jockey and house music producer
• 1974 – Jarno Trulli, Italian Formula 1 driver
• 1976 – Didem İnselel, Turkish actress and presenter
• 1976 – Oleh Sentsov, Ukrainian director and writer
• 1977 – Ashley Scott, American actress, model, and voice actor
• 1978 – Jessica Barth, American voice actor
• 1979 – Daniel Díaz is an Argentine former football player.
• 1981 - Helgi Danielsson is an Icelandic football player.
• 1982 - Ion Ansotegi, Spanish football player
• 1982 – Çiğdem Batur, Turkish TV series actress and theater actress
• 1983 – Kristof Beyens, Belgian sprinter
• 1985 – Guillermo Ochoa, Mexican goalkeeper
• 1986 – Yakup Kilic, Turkish boxer
• 1987 – Neil Denis, Canadian actor
• 1987 – Oğuz Savaş, Turkish basketball player
• 1987 – Öykü Celik, Turkish cinema and TV series actress
• 1988 – Colton Haynes, American actor and model
• 1988 – He Pingping, Chinese World's shortest man (d. 2010)
• 1988 - Marcos Paulo Gelmini Gomes, Brazilian football player
• 1988 – Steven R. McQueen, American actor
• 1988 – Tulisa Contostavlos English singer, songwriter and actress
• 1989 – Charis Giannopoulos, Greek basketball player
• 1989 – Sayumi Michishige, Japanese singer
• 1990 – Murat Akça is a Turkish football player.
• 1990 – Jonathan Mensah, Ghanaian football player
• 1990 – Eduardo Salvio, Argentine football player
• 1990 – Matt Weinberg, American actor
• 1990 - Ross Little, English actor
• 1991 – Ungsumalynn Sirapatsakmetha, Thai actress and model
• 1992 – Dylan Patton, American actor
• 1992 – Elise Matthysen, Belgian swimmer
• 1994 - Hayley Erin, American actress
• 1994 – Jolean Wejbe, American actress
• 1994 - Ridge Canipe, American actor
• 1997 – Leo Howard, American actor and martial artist

Deaths 

• 1024 – St. II. Heinrich is a German king (b. 973)
• 1105 – Rashi, Jewish religious scholar (b. 1040)
• 1107 – I. Kılıç Arslan, 2nd Sultan of the Anatolian Seljuk State (b. 1079)
• 1761 – Tokugawa Ieshige, 9th shogun of the Tokugawa Shogunate (b. 1712)
• 1793 – Jean-Paul Marat, French scientist and medical doctor (b. 1743)
• 1817 – Black George, progenitor of the long-ruling Karađorđević Dynasty of Serbia (b. 1768)
• 1854 – I. Abbas Hilmi Pasha, son of Ahmet Tosun Pasha and governor of Egypt during the Ottoman rule (b. 1813)
• 1894 – George Rex Graham, American journalist, editor, and publisher (b. 1813)
• 1924 – Alfred Marshall, the most influential economist of his time (b. 1842)
• 1927 – Architect Kemalettin Bey, Turkish architect and one of the leading figures of the First National Architecture Movement (b. 1870)
• 1936 – Fatma Aliye Topuz (Fatma Aliye Hanım), Turkish writer (the first female novelist of Turkish literature) (b. 1862)
• 1937 – Henry Edward Armstrong, English chemist and scientist, member of the Royal Society (b. 1848)
• 1943 – Kurt Huber was a member of the White Rose group that led resistance against Nazi Germany (b. 1893)
• 1946 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer (b. 1864)
• 1950 – Zekiye Sultan, II. Abdulhamid's daughter (b. 1871)
• 1951 – Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian composer (b.1874)
• 1954 – Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter (b. 1907)
• 1959 – Ekrem Reşit Rey, Turkish theater and playwright (Luxury Life author of the operetta) (b. 1900)
• 1963 – Albert Steffen, Swiss novelist and playwright (b. 1884)
• 1970 – Leslie Groves served as commander of engineers in the US Army managing the Manhattan Project (b. 1896)
• 1974 – Patrick Blackett, English physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1897)
• 1980 – Seretse Khama, Botswana politician (b. 1921)
• 1983 – Ahmet Ustel, Turkish cinema and theater artist and writer (b. 1930)
• 1986 – Mehmet Seyda, Turkish storyteller and novelist (b. 1919)
• 1991 – Mualla Gökçay, Turkish singer and Classical Turkish Music interpreter (b. 1913)
• 1994 – Ayfer Feray, Turkish cinema and theater artist (b. 1928)
• 1995 – Bilge Karasu, Turkish philosopher and writer (b.1930)
• 2002 – Yousuf Karsh, Turkish-American photographer (b. 1908)
• 2006 – Red Buttons, American actor and comedian (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Sage Stallone, American actress, director, film producer, and screenwriter (b. 1976)
• 2012 – Richard D. Zanuck, Academy Award-winning American filmmaker (b. 1934)
• 2013 – Cory Monteith, Canadian actor and singer (b. 1982)
• 2014 – Nadine Gordimer, Johannesburg-born, South African writer (b. 1923)
• 2015 – Ildikó Schwarczenberger, Hungarian fencer (b. 1951)
• 2015 – Martin Litchfield West, English philologist and classics expert (b. 1937)
• 2016 – Héctor Babenco, Argentine-born Brazilian film director, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1946)
• 2016 – Bernardo Provenzano, Italian crime syndicate leader (b. 1933)
• 2017 – Joaquim Molins i Amat, Spanish politician (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Abdurrahman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud, senior member of the Saud Family and former deputy defense and aviation minister (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Charles Bachman, American computer scientist (b. 1924)
• 2017 – Okay Gönensin, Turkish journalist, writer, TV personality (b. 1950)
• 2017 – Héctor Lechuga, Mexican actor, comedian, political commentator, and radio host (b. 1929)
• 2017 – Liu Xiaobo, Chinese human rights activist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1955)
• 2018 – Frank Giroud, French comics (b. 1956)
• 2018 – Claude Seignolle, French writer and novelist (b. 1917)
• 2018 – Thorvald Stoltenberg, Norwegian politician and bureaucrat (b. 1931)
• 2019 – Richard Carter, Australian actor and voice actor (b. 1953)
• 2019 – Rod Richards, Welsh politician (b. 1947)
• 2020 – Hassan Ahmed al-Levzi, Yemeni politician and writer. (b. 1952)
• 2020 – Luis Arias Graziani, Peruvian air force officer and politician (b. 1926)
• 2020 – Nurul Islam Babul, Bangladeshi business expert (b. 1946)
• 2020 – Kenneth Church, Thoroughbred horse racing jockey (b. 1930)
• 2020 – Grant Imahara, Japanese-American electronic engineer and Television host (b. 1970)
• 2020 – Gerardo Juraci Campelo Leite, Brazilian politician (b. 1931)