The dream of many couples to become parents sometimes cannot be realized due to infertility. 9 percent of infertility seen in one out of every 50 couples is due to problems in men. The chance of men who have a very low chance of becoming a father due to poor sperm quality or the absence of sperm increases with the Micro TESE method. The Micro TESE procedure, which allows the testicles of men with this problem to be opened and searched for sperm in the tissues taken from there, allows a higher rate and better quality sperm to be obtained. From Memorial Ankara Hospital, Department of Urology, Op. Dr. Emrah Yakut gave information about the Micro TESE method.
25% of married couples cannot have a baby in the first year
Infertility is defined as the inability of sexually active couples who do not use contraception to conceive naturally within one year. According to the data of the World Health Organization, 25 percent of married couples cannot achieve pregnancy in the first year, 15 percent seek treatment, and 5 percent cannot have children despite the treatments.
Poor sperm quality or absence is the most important reason
9 percent of infertility, a condition seen in one out of every 50 couples, is due to male-related problems. Varicocele, hormonal causes, genetic causes, general and systemic diseases, undescended testes, obstructions in the sperm duct, infectious diseases, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, drug use and diseases in the reproductive tract are the main causes of sperm quality or absence of sperm leading to male infertility.
Solution to the problem of azoospermia with Micro TESE
In cases where the causes of infertility cannot be corrected and pregnancy cannot be achieved naturally, couples are directed to assisted reproductive techniques such as vaccination and in vitro fertilization. One of the methods applied for solution in men who have infertility problems and do not have sperm in their semen or who have azoospermia due to advanced sperm production disorder is "Micro TESE".
Sperm is searched in tissues taken from testis
Micro TESE procedure is performed under general anesthesia while the patient is completely asleep. The procedure is performed by making an incision of 3-4 cm in the midline of the scrotum, that is, the scrotum, and examining the thin channels called tubules in the testis under a high-powered microscope. Tissue samples are taken by collecting normal or enlarged tubules, and these tissues are disintegrated in the laboratory to see if there are sperm cells in them. If viable sperm cells are found in the examination, if the eggs taken from the mother are ready, they are used for in vitro fertilization on the same day or they are frozen and stored for use in future IVF treatment. Finding and collecting sperm cells one by one is a very sensitive process that requires expertise.
Tissues are not damaged
Since much less tissue samples are taken in the micro TESE method compared to the classical TESE procedure, the possibility of damage to the testicular tissue is lower. Examination of the tubules where sperm production occurs with a microscope magnification increases the probability of finding sperm and provides the opportunity to obtain sperm with a higher rate and better quality.
While the rate of obtaining sperm from the testicles with the Micro TESE method is between 40-60%; In Micro TESE applications, which were unsuccessful in the first and performed for the second time, the rate of finding sperm drops to 20-30 percent. If sperm are not found in the testicles after the micro-TESE procedure, pathological examination of the tissues taken is absolutely necessary. This examination provides guidance on the process that the patient will follow from now on.
ROSI method for people with no sperm found
In recent years, ROSI method has been offered as an alternative treatment approach for cases where sperm cannot be obtained by TESE. In the ROSI technique (Round Spermatid Injection), the precursor sperm cells (round spermatid), which normally do not have the necessary capacity to ensure fertilization, can be used in assisted reproductive techniques by passing through some processes. This technique, which is still very new, is seen as an alternative treatment for couples who have never had children.
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