Today in History: TRT Library and Radio Museum Opened

June 19 is the 170th day of the year (171th in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 195 days remaining until the end of the year.

Railways

• 19 June 1892 Eskişehir-İstanbul train services started on Sunday.

Events 

• 325 – Iznik Council meeting ended.
• 1097 – During the first of the Crusades, Iznik was taken by the Seljuk Turks.
• 1157 - The Knights Templar are routed; Their Grand Master, Bertrand de Blanchefort, was taken prisoner by the Muslims, whose Commander was Nureddin Mahmud Zengi.
• 1269 - King of France IX. Louis ordered that Jews who did not wear yellow markings in public places be fined if caught.
• 1862 - Slavery is officially abolished in the United States.
• 1868 – Mithat Pasha founded the Homeland Funds.
• 1870 – Confederate States of America officially ceased to exist after all Southern States were re-admitted to the United States after the American Civil War.
• 1885 - The Statue of Liberty was brought to New York from France.
• 1910 - World Father's Day was celebrated for the first time in the USA.
• 1910 – The first airship balloon named “Deutschland” in Germany successfully made its first take off.
• 1911 - Molde FK was founded.
• 1926 – Mustafa Kemal made a statement to Anadolu Agency, which followed his Izmir tour, with his famous words: My humble body will surely be soil one day. But the Republic of Turkey will remain forever.
• 1934 – Shah of Iran Reza Pahlavi and Atatürk, the first Turkish opera Ozsoy'They watched u in Ankara Community Center.
• 1944 – II. World War II: First day of the Philippine Naval War.
• 1952 – The law on the exemption of workers working in coal mines from military service was passed.
• 1953 - American citizens Ethel and Julius Rosenberg, convicted of spying for the Soviet Union, are executed at the "Sing Sing" prison in New York.
• 1961 - Kuwait declared its independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1961 – Turkey started exporting labor to Germany.
• 1965 – Eskişehirspor was founded.
• 1966 – Turkish National Wrestling Team won the World Wrestling Championship in Canada.
• 1968 – It was announced that 40 thousand children in Istanbul were carrying the polio germ.
• 1972 – Pilots of 65 countries began a boycott to protest the hijackings. In the boycott, Turkish pilots also stopped satellite and plane flights for 24 hours.
• 1973 – Bekir Sıtkı Erdoğan won the 50th Anniversary Anthem Lyrics Competition. The anthem will be composed by Necil Kazım Akses.
• 1973 - World Union of Love Medal, "Love brother” and ”If Life Was a Holiday” was given to Şenay for his songs.
• 1978 - Garfield cartoons began to be published.
• 1979 – After the oil shortage, 'gasoline with ration card' distribution started in Istanbul.
• 1981 – Thirteen defendants, who were on trial for the same case as Tuncay Mataracı, a former Minister of Customs and Monopoly, were arrested by the Supreme Court.
• 1981 – Voice of Turkey Radio; It started broadcasting in Albanian, Hungarian, Serbian, Chinese and Russian.
• 1981 – TRT Library and Radio Museum were opened.
• 1982 - The People's Armed Police was established in China.
• 1991 - The Soviet occupation of Hungary ends.
• 1992 – The opening of the parties closed by the September 12 Military Administration became law.
• 1992 – The decision to stop the construction of Istanbul Park Hotel and demolish its 7 floors was approved.
• 2005 – 3 babies died in 8 days in Trakya University Medical Faculty Hospital. It was announced that the bacteria named “Serratia Marcescens” caused the deaths.
• 2012 – Julian Assange, co-founder of Wikileaks, requested to be extradited to Sweden Ecuadorian EmbassyHe applied for asylum.^[1][2]

Births 

• 1566 – James I, King of Scotland, England, and Ireland (d. 1625)
• 1623 – Blaise Pascal, French mathematician (d. 1662)
• 1731 – Joaquim Machado de Castro, Portuguese sculptor (d. 1822)
• 1764 – José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan military commander and politician (d. 1850)
• 1782 – Robert de Lamennais, French Catholic priest, philosopher, and political thinker (d. 1854)
• 1846 – Antonio Abetti, Italian astronomer (d. 1928)
• 1854 – Alfredo Catalani, Italian composer (d. 1893)
• 1861 Douglas Haig, British field marshal (d. 1928)
• 1861 – José Rizal, Filipino journalist, author, and poet (d. 1896)
• 1865 – Alfred Hugenberg, German businessman and politician (d. 1951)
• 1871 – Alajos Szokolyi, Hungarian athlete and physician (d. 1932)
• 1877 – Charles Coburn, American actor (d. 1961)
• 1896 - Wallis Simpson, VIII. Edward's wife (d. 1986)
• 1896 – Erich Koch, German politician (d. 1986)
• 1897 – Cyril Hinshelwood, English chemist and 1956 Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (d. 1967)
• 1898 – Benno von Arent, German architect and SS member (d. 1956)
• 1903 – Lou Gehrig, American baseball player (d. 1941)
• 1906 – Ernst Boris Chain, British biochemist and 1945 Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1979)
• 1906 Walter Rauff, German SS colonel (d. 1984)
• 1907 George de Mestral, Swiss engineer (d. 1990)
• 1909 – Osamu Dazai, Japanese writer (d. 1948)
• 1910 – Paul Flory, American chemist and 1974 Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (d. 1985)
• 1921 – Louis Jourdan, French actor (d. 2015)
• 1922 – Aage Niels Bohr, Danish physicist (d. 2009)
• 1924 – Vasil Bikov, Belarusian writer (d. 2003)
• 1927 – Luciano Benjamín Menéndez, Argentine general and human rights violator (d. 2018)
• 1928 – Tommy DeVito, American musician and singer (d. 2020)
• 1928 – Bahaeddin Özkisi, Turkish writer (d. 1975)
• 1930 – Gena Rowlands, American actress
• 1933 - Viktor Patsayev, Russian cosmonaut (d. 1971)
• 1939 – Ferdi Merter, Turkish theater, film actor, writer and director (d. 2018)
• 1939 – John F. MacArthur, American theologian and minister
• 1941 – Václav Klaus, Czech economist and politician
• 1941 – Gilberto Bennetton, Italian entrepreneur and businessman (d.2018)
• 1944 – Peter Bardens, English musician (d. 2002)
• 1945 – Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar politician and 1991 Nobel Peace Prize laureate
• 1945 – Radovan Karadžić, Serbian politician and war criminal
• 1945 – Tobias Wolff, American writer
• 1947 – Salman Rushdie, Indian-British writer
• 1947 – Hasan Shehata, Egyptian football player and manager
• 1948 – Nick Drake, British singer, songwriter and composer (d. 1974)
• 1951 – Ayman ez-Zawahiri, Egyptian theologian and medical doctor
• 1951 – Monika Baumgartner, German actress and director.
• 1954 – Lou Pearlman, American producer (d. 2016)
• 1954 – Kathleen Turner, American actress and voice actor
• 1957 – Anna Lindh, Swedish Foreign Minister (d. 2003)
• 1959 – Anne Hidalgo is a French politician and has been mayor of Paris since April 2014.
• 1959 – Christian Wulff, German politician and former president
• 1960 – Raúl Vicente Amarilla, Paraguayan football player
• 1962 – Paula Abdul, American choreographer and singer
• 1964 – Boris Johnson, British journalist and politician
• 1967 – Bjørn Dæhlie, Norwegian cross-country skier
• 1967 – Mia Sara, American actress
• 1967 – Ziya Kürküt, Turkish theater and film actor, voice actor and presenter
• 1970 – Antonis Remos, Greek singer
• 1970 – Ahmet Büke, Turkish writer and economist
• 1970 – Brian Welch, American musician
• 1970 – Rahul Gandhi, Indian politician
• 1971 – Ali Ercoşkun, Turkish politician
• 1971 – José Emilio Amavisca, Spanish football player
• 1972 – Jean Dujardin, French actor
• 1972 - Brian McBride, American football player
• 1972 – Poppy Montgomery, Australian actress
• 1972 – Robin Tunney, American actor
• 1974 – Bülent Ataman, Turkish football player
• 1975 – Hugh Dancy, English actor and model
• 1975 – Anthony Parker, American basketball player
• 1975 – Dennis Crowley, American businessman and Foursquare co-founder
• 1976 – Alişan, Turkish singer, actress and presenter
• 1978 – Dirk Nowitzki, German national basketball player and NBA player
• 1978 – Zoe Saldana, American actress
• 1979 – Clara G, Romanian porn star and director
• 1979 – Daniele Sottile, Italian volleyball player
• 1979 – José Kléberson, Brazilian football player
• 1980 – Lauren Lee Smith, Canadian actress
• 1981 - Nadia Centoni, Italian volleyball player
• 1981 – Clementine Poidatz, French actress
• 1983 – Macklemore, American rapper
• 1983 – Aidan Turner, Irish actor
• 1983 – Mark Selby, English snooker and pool player
• 1983 – Milan Petržela, Czech football player
• 1984 – Birce Akalay, Turkish actress
• 1984 - Paul Dano, American actor
• 1984 – Mateus Galiano da Costa, Angolan footballer
• 1985 – José Sosa, Argentine football player
• 1986 – Ragnar Sigurðsson, Icelandic football player
• 1988 – Şafak Pekdemir, Turkish actress
• 1989 – Abdelaziz Barrada, Moroccan football player
• 1992 – Carlos Ascues, Peruvian football player
• 1993 – Olajide William Olatunji, English YouTuber
• 1995 – Deniz Aygül, Turkish basketball player
• 1996 – Lorenzo Pellegrini, Italian football player
• 1998 – José Luis Rodríguez, Panamanian football player
• 1998 – Viktoriya Zeynep Güneş, Turkish swimmer

Deaths 

• 1650 – Matthäus Merian, Swiss publisher (b. 1593)
• 1716 – Tokugawa Ietsugu, 7th Tokugawa shogun (b. 1709)
• 1747 – Nadir Shah, Shah of Iran (b. 1688)
• 1820 – Joseph Banks, English naturalist and botanist (b. 1743)
• 1844 – Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, French naturalist (b. 1772)
• 1865 – Evangelis Zappas, Greek businessman (b. 1860)
• 1867 – Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico (b. 1832)
• 1886 – Hobart Pasha, British naval officer (b. 1822)
• 1932 – Fazlı Necip, Turkish writer (b. 1863)
• 1937 – James Matthew Barrie, Scottish writer (b. 1860)
• 1953 – Ethel Rosenberg, American spy (b. 1915)
• 1953 Julius Rosenberg, American spy (b. 1918)
• 1956 – Thomas J. Watson, American businessman (b. 1874)
• 1956 – Vladimir Obrushev, Russian geologist (b. 1863)
• 1962 – Frank Borzage, American director (b. 1894)
• 1973 – Tahir Alangu, Turkish literary historian and folklore researcher (b. 1915)
• 1977 – Ali Shariati, Iranian sociologist (b. 1933)
• 1992 – Kathleen McKane Godfree, English badminton player and tennis player (b. 1986)
• 1993 – William Golding, English writer (b. 1911)
• 2010 – Mubariz Ibrahimov, Azerbaijani soldier (b. 1988)
• 2010 – Manute Bol, Sudanese basketball player (b. 1962)
• 2012 – Richard Lynch, American actor (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Gyula Horn, Hungarian socialist politician and former Prime Minister (b. 1932)
• 2013 – James Gandolfini, American actor (b. 1961)
• 2013 – Sait Maden, Turkish poet, translator, painter, photographer and graphic designer. (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Ibrahim Touré, Ivory Coast football player (b. 1985)
• 2015 – Jack Aeby, American physicist and photographer (b. 1923)
• 2016 – Götz George, German actor (b. 1938)
• 2016 – Anton Yelchin, Russian-American actor (b. 1989)
• 2017 – Ivan Dias, Indian cardinal (b. 1936)
• 2017 – Tony DiCicco, Former American football player, coach, and TV commentator (b. 1948)
• 2017 – Otto Warmbier, American college student (b. 1994)
• 2018 – Koko, Western lowland gorilla (b. 1971)
• 2019 – Norman Stone, Scottish historian (b. 1941)
• 2020 – Ian Holm, English actor (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Carlos Ruiz Zafón, Spanish writer (b. 1964)