TMMOB has submitted its objection to the Kanal Istanbul Project to the Istanbul Governor's Directorate of Environment and Urbanization on January 2, 2020, to be forwarded to the General Directorate of Environmental Impact Assessment, Permit and Inspection.
TMMOB Accountant Member Tores Dinçöz went to the Istanbul Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanism on January 2, 2020, and submitted a TMMOB's objection to the Canal Istanbul Project with a written petition. The petition is as follows:
Konu: This is our summary opinion and suggestion on the EIA Report of December 2019, which was found final by the Review and Evaluation Commission called Kanal Istanbul.
Kanal Channel Istanbul (Coastal Structures [Yacht Harbors, Container Ports and Logistics Centers] planned to be built by the General Directorate of Infrastructure Investments of the Ministry of Transport, Maritime Affairs and Communications in Küçükçekmece, Avcılar, Arnavutköy, Başakşehir districts of İstanbul Province) The final EIA Report prepared in relation to the Including) project;
“It has been found sufficient by the Review and Evaluation Commission and has been accepted as final. The Environmental Impact Assessment Report concluded by the Commission is opened for ten (10) days in the Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization and in the Ministry to obtain the opinions and suggestions of the public. These opinions are also taken into consideration by the Ministry in the decision-making process of the project. The Ministry may request that the necessary deficiencies be completed in the content of the report, additional studies are carried out or the Review and Evaluation Committee is convened in light of the opinions of the public. The finally accepted Environmental Impact Assessment Report has been opened to the public for 10 (ten) days and can apply to ISTANBUL Environment and Urban Planning Provincial Directorates or the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization for comments and suggestions. ” It was announced to the public on December 23, 2019 from your official website to receive comments and suggestions.
This initiative called tarafından madness dahi, which will be irreversibly affected by the ecology, economic and socio-political aspects of the entire geography, especially the Marmara, Thrace, Black Sea region mainland, coastal and seas, is called “madness dahi. including all citizens of Turkey, Ministry of great responsibility and dedication to your opinion, attempting to communicate their suggestions and objections before the end of the process and not yet give an opinion;
Again on the website of your Ministry, Kanal Istanbul European Side Reserve Building Area 1 / 100.000 scale Environmental Layout Plan Amendment eden, which accepts the EIA subject as the backbone of the EIA report and opens its entire environment to the “New Istanbul adan without even considering the warnings and precautions in the annexes of the EIA report in It has been approved on 6306 with the plan transaction number of İÇDP-6 in accordance with Article 1 of the Law No. 102 on the Transformation of Areas at Disaster Risk and Article 17092,26 of the Presidential Decree no. days) and the EIA process to date has been invalidated.
Since the launch of the Channel Istanbul Project, numerous planning, scientific research and study results produced by hundreds of scientists and universities, universities, professional chambers, public institutions and organizations have been ignored for Istanbul and the Marmara Region.
Discourse without scientific qualifications, inadequate and directed researches are attempted to be justified by assuming arguments over the assumptions, and literally geographic, ecological, economic, sociological, urban, cultural in short, a vital destruction and catastrophe proposal. persistently.
The closest example of this situation is the recent EIA process and the latest developments that invalidate the EIA process and its reports that deserve to be qualified as İstanbul so-called adan, without considering the warnings and precautions in the annexes of the EIA report and without even caring about the precautions.
Firstly; The “Canal öngörülen, which is planned to be constructed in the most sensitive and protected area of the Marmara Region, geographically, ecologically and geologically, is approximately 45 km long, 20.75 m deep and 250 m wide. From the Black Sea to the Marmara Sea, there is a threat of irreparable damage and splitting that will affect the entire geography.
The said Canal route; While the Kucukcekmece Lagoon Basin is designed along the Sazlidere - Durusu route, the channel starts from the lagoon / sea cross-section of the Kucukcekmece district of Istanbul, and passes through the Kucukcekmece Lagunu Sazlidere neighborhoods between the Sinclidere and Dursunköy Dam districts. It is suggested to go to the Black Sea between Terkos and Durusu neighborhoods.
The length of the channel, 7 km Kucukcekmece, 3,1 km Avcılar, 6,5 km Başakşehir and 28,6 km'ta Arnavutköy districts are within the boundaries. According to the announced application report, the 45 mileage route; forest, agriculture etc. and the settlement areas of Küçükçekmece Lagün and Kumul areas, which are one of the rare geographic assets in the world, were planned to be destroyed by destroying the Sazlıdere Dam and basin areas that meet some of the drinking water needs of Istanbul.
The area of Küçükçekmece Lake to Sazlıdere Dam Lake consists of wetlands and marshlands. The swamp area formed by the tides of the lake is a resting and reproductive region on the migration path of the birds. In the natural structure syntheses made for all environmental layout plans produced for Istanbul; This area is defined as the natural resource area that needs to be protected, the ecological systems of critical importance which should not be disturbed, and the first and second critical soil and resource areas in order to sustain the water cycle. Due to its stream and natural topography, the region is also a very important groundwater and a rainwater collection basin and the most important ecological corridor of Istanbul.
For this reason, it is clear that the proposed channel project will adversely affect the entire geography, especially in the Marmara, Thrace, Black Sea region mainland, coasts and seas, in an ecological, economic and sociopolitical way.
However, in spite of this undisputed scientific fact, in the EIA reports, the Project area and the environment likely to be affected by the proposed project; (population, fauna, flora, geological and hydrogeological characteristics, natural disaster status, soil, water, air, atmospheric conditions, climatic factors, property status, cultural heritage and site characteristics, landscape characteristics, land use status, degree of sensitivity), only 3 km. width is based on a very limited area; EIA review and study area was realized.
In this EIA report;
“PART II: CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECT LOCATION AND IMPACT AREA
Within the 3 km wide EIA Study Area determined within the scope of the project, relevant literature and field studies were carried out. During the Environmental Impact Assessment studies, detailed field studies (flora, fauna, archeology, etc.) will be carried out within this 3 km EIA Study Area and the assessments are finalized and the ş Work Corridor an which reaches a width of approximately 2 km in the widest part with the sloping works ” will be made according to. In addition to the environmental elements, considering the geological and geomorphological structures and especially construction feasibility, the working corridor may be extended to some areas within the 3 km EIA Study Area. Although it is expected to be realized within the Study Corridor, which reaches approximately 2 km at the widest part of the project, it is possible that the route changes will be made within the 3 km EIA Study Area if environmental and land constraints occur during detailed studies in the EIA process. Socio-economic studies to be carried out within the scope of the project will also be carried out within the 3 km EIA Study Area ”
Furthermore, in the same section of the report, for the Social Impact Assessment scope and working area proposal of the project in question;
Çevresel Environmental impacts of the route such as water supply, sewage and treatment plants, agricultural irrigation systems, transportation, energy and communication infrastructures, noise and air pollution may cause positive / negative, direct / indirect, permanent / temporary social impacts. As a result of the preliminary feasibility assessments of the Kanal Istanbul Project, the elements that may cause social impacts (such as the presence of settlements, population density, infrastructure elements, livelihood density, etc.) are said to be sağ It is limited to 1 km.
Nüfus The total population affected by the project is 823.834. This population is the total population of the settlements on the route and the vicinity of the project and is expected to be indirectly affected by the project. However, the population to be directly affected and the immovable properties such as houses and land will be expropriated is much less. 27 The EIA meeting held on 2018 March XNUMX, in which most of the social groups wishing to participate, was not included and no real socio-economic evaluation was conducted.
Regardless of its content, it is evidence that reports prepared only in terms of these boundary determinations are extremely inadequate, directed and impossible to accept.
In addition, the ”Istanbul European Side Reserve Building Area 1 / 100.000 scale Environmental Layout Plan Amendment eden, which accepts the EIA subject as the backbone of the Ministry's website and opens its entire environment as“ New Istanbul adan without even considering the warnings and precautions in the annexes of the EIA report ” It has canceled and reduced all the studies that are inadequately ecologically, economically, legally, socially and scientifically inadequate. It must be canceled immediately.
In addition, this project, which has enormous and unpredictable effects in terms of ecological, economic, social, geopolitical, international law and conventions, has not been evaluated within the scope of the Strategic EIA to which it was legally owned since it was put forward without discussing whether the project is necessary or not. 5 routes that cannot be understood how it was selected to legitimize the route was put forward, and a clear orientation was made by asking some university and public institutions to choose a route.
Briefly:
Wetlands, rivers, streams and Terkos Lake are expected to be affected by the project. Wetlands within the canal route will be removed from protection status and opened for use.
Küçükçekmece Lake will turn into a canal, and Sazlıdere Dam and other streams, which meet 29% of Istanbul's water needs, will disappear completely. Thus, the entire terrestrial area in the Küçükçekmece Lagoon basin, wetlands and forest areas in the north will be opened for construction. Especially, it is not possible to detect cracks and cracks in the rocks by soundings. After opening the canal and giving water, it should be kept in mind that salt water interference from Trakos Lake from these fractures and cracks may result in the disposal of the Terkos Lake water source and that a large part of Istanbul is dehydrated. The disposal of a total of 140 million m3 of drinking water, both 235 million m3 per year from Terkos lake and 52 million m3 from the Yıldız mountains and 427 million m3 from the Sazlıdere Dam, will suddenly face Istanbul with thirst. (From DSI report)
· Freshwater aquifers and terrestrial eco system will be salted due to flow from Black Sea to Marmara Sea, salinity value of Black Sea will rise to 0,17%, not only Istanbul and its environs, but also agricultural areas and terrestrial ecosystem fed by fresh water up to Thrace. irreversibly deteriorate, will be destroyed and the risk of landslides will increase. The project will ecologically affect the entire Thrace region.
· The Istanbul Canal Project, including the Third Bosphorus Bridge, the North Marmara Motorway and Connection Roads and the Third Airport, covers an area of 42.300 hectares and covers an area of 12.000 hectares of agricultural land, 2.000 hectares of meadow and pasture. area has lost its agricultural character. The rest will be lost.
· The project area is located within the boundaries of Istanbul in the Marmara sub-basin within the Euro-Siberian Phytogeographical Region. The diversity of the region will be adversely affected by ecological destruction and micro-climate changes that will occur after the construction of Kanal Istanbul.
· The project will remove all flora and fauna (fish, endemic and non-endemic plants, insects, wildlife, migratory and non-migratory birds) living in the region to date. Due to the project, approximately 20 thousand football fields, one-third of the mixture of oak and beech natural forest will be destroyed. Wildlife and important bird conservation areas will be depleted quickly.
- Canal Istanbul Project along the route and around; The ecological sustainability of Istanbul's life will become unsuitable due to the decrease in natural resources such as water basins, agricultural areas and forest areas in the north of Sazlıbosna Lake basin.
- Bridges, roads, connection roads, etc. to be built along the line In addition to the canal route, it will lead to the development of Istanbul as a residential area under the pressure of the transportation projects of the North West, which is the natural habitat of Istanbul and which must be protected with this feature. Thus, the living resources of Istanbul, which lies within its route, will open up to high-density construction.
· The coastal geography of the Black Sea will be completely disrupted. The Marmara Sea and the Black Sea will be polluted and the project will have a significant impact on the marine ecosystem, the Black Sea-Marmara balance and the climate.
· Excavation of the project area is expected to remove at least 3 billion m³ of excavation from the rural area between the Sazlıdere Dam and the Black Sea and from the creek slopes. This excavation, 600 million m³ rock blasting, explosion damage and destruction of structures in the environment as a result of this, the abolition of the housing security of the inhabitants of the region, natural protection areas of irreparable damage occurring in the air pollution due to the exponential increase of air pollution and exponentially increased It is inevitable that all living things in the region will have effects such as the emergence of respiratory problems. This project, which has a life span of 5 years, will cause irreversible ecological damage in the city and the region.
- Pouring millions of cubic meters of material and bottom dredges into the Black Sea will affect the Black Sea and Marmara coastal topography, air quality (dust and particulate matter emission), sea water quality, sea water oceanography and marine biology irreversibly. The channel, which will connect the Black Sea, Marmara Sea, Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea with their very different species and hydrographic features, will accelerate the spread of many toxic and dangerous marine species from the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and occupying the Mediterranean Sea.
· 70 million m3 of ready-mixed concrete and 20 million m3 of cement will be needed for the supply of construction materials to be used within the scope of the project. Therefore, in order to supply about 90 million m3 of sand and limestone, sand and stone quarries will be opened in many parts of Thrace and forests, agricultural areas, creeks and underground water will be damaged.
- According to the current inventories in the Kanal Istanbul Project area (attached to our report), there are 1 registered cultural assets in the 2st, 3nd and 62rd Degree Archeological Sites and these will be lost. In addition, the findings obtained from the historical chronology of Istanbul date back to the 6500 - 5500 BC, Neolithic - Chalcolithic period with the Halfburgaz Cave located in the Küçükçekmece Lagoon Basin, Fikirtepe and Pendik settlements. Located in Küçükçekmece Lagoon Basin, Bathonea is an important archaeological site. These areas, which are our cultural and historical heritage, will also be lost due to the Project.
- Although there are no international barriers to the measures to be taken in the Bosphorus, due to the favorable conditions of the depth, breadth and natural structure of the Bosphorus, failure to take the necessary security measures is considered to be one of the main reasons for the 100-year life of the Istanbul Canal. The general purpose stated in the preliminary EIA report for the purpose of the construction of Kanal Istanbul is stated as providing the safety of navigation of the Bosphorus and protecting more than 15 million people living around it from possible dangers. We believe that some of the reasons listed below regarding the appropriateness of this purpose do not match the purpose. If you need to sort these reasons; a) On a ship passing through the Bosphorus, technical failures of the ship, such as machine failure or rudder lock-up, the natural width of the Bosphorus and the natural bays on the Bosphorus from the moment the ship is left uncontrolled until the formation of the accident, are approximately 6- It can save 10 minutes. It is known that there are many accidents that are fenced off with such an accident. In Kanal İstanbul, it is obvious that any technical defect without such natural expansions and bays that could create escape opportunities will result in accidents. As a result of this, ar machine failure ”,“ rudder lock ”etc. that may occur on ships in Istanbul Strait. Olasılığı possibility of technical failure kusur will become a direct doğrudan probability of accident ”in Kanal Istanbul and this will create unacceptable risk levels.
- In the Third Airport, which is known to not be able to store fuel within 6 km according to the International Aviation Safety Rules, there will be unpredictable threats to the habitats of tankers with limited and limited maneuverability navigating on the Canal in terms of navigation, property and environmental safety.
Due to the major construction projects in and around Kanal Istanbul, the natural and environmental balances in the Marmara and Black Sea on the European side and on the Black Sea will irreversibly deteriorate. - The most important source of earthquakes to the Istanbul Channel is the major earthquakes expected in the North Marmara Fault lying on the seabed 10-12 from the southern part of the canal.
- Due to the geological-geophysical structure of the southern regions of Istanbul, the seismic waves are over-growing. These magnification values can be increased by 10 times.
- How the channel reacts to lateral and vertical movements during earthquakes is a vital research topic. Slipping, breaking or torsion of this structure during the earthquake can cause great catastrophes.
- The population density will increase with the new settlements that will occur due to the impact of other projects in and around Istanbul and the risk of loss of property and property that will be caused by a possible earthquake will increase.
As the natural stress and underground pore pressure balances in the area will be disrupted due to the excavation of 4.5 billion tons of excavation to be removed during the channel excavation, triggered seismicity of various sizes can be seen. There is a risk of landslides, landslides and liquefaction depending on the structure of the channel route and slope sensitivity.
As a result:
Even from the data disclosed so far; Within the scope of the channel project; All the remaining forest areas, agricultural areas, pastures, underground and over-catchment basins, including the Terkos Basin, Third Airport and 3rd Bridge connection roads, as well as the neighborhoods in the basin, are the construction and demolition areas of the whole region including the Black Sea and Marmara Sea and its coasts. is designed.
The EIA Reports of this project, which have been prepared without considering the feasibility of scientific projects and contradictory to the principles of the constitution, national legislation, all international laws and conventions, public benefit, scientific technical and urbanism principles and climate change criteria, have been prepared. as invalid.
Again and again we strongly advise and recommend our constitutional duty. The Kan Istanbul Canal ılan, which is attempted to be legitimized by discussing on discourses and assumptions that are not of a scientific nature, is a geographical, ecological, economic, sociological, urban, cultural short-lived proposal of vital destruction and disaster. It must be abandoned immediately and removed from the agenda.
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